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Tarumania is a genus of freshwater fishdescribed in 2017. It contains a single species, Tarumania walkerae, and constitutes the only genus in the family Tarumaniidae. T. walkerae is a predatory species that hunts among the leaf litter on the bottom of flooded forests in the Rio Negro drainage basin.
The species first came to the attention of scientists in 2002 in the form of a poorly preserved juvenile specimen collected as part of a survey. The specimen possessed many unusual traits and could not be identified even to family level. Due to the poor preservation, no formal description was attempted until many years later, after the discovery of a living population and collection of better specimens. The genus name Tarumania was chosen after the site of first collection (the Tarumã Mirim River). Tarumania is a characiform, the order which includes piranhas and tetras. Due to its distinctness from all other characiformes, the describers placed it in its own family, Tarumaniidae. Based on their morphological analysis they estimated Tarumaniidae to be most likely the sister group of Erythrinidae, the trahira family, but no DNA evidence was available to confirm or deny this.[1]
Description and biologyedit
Tarumania possesses a very unusual swim bladder, divided into eleven separate compartments (as opposed to one or two in most fish) which extends along almost the entire length of the body. Its body is extremely elongated and oval-shaped, giving the fish an eel-like appearance. Like the unrelated Lepidogalaxias, they have a flexible "neck" that allows them to bend their head at a right angle relative to the trunk.[1]
All specimens of Tarumania were recovered from isolated pools among the leaf-litter of the forest, where they appear to hunt invertebrates such as shrimp on the flooded forest floor. They are well adapted to swim amongst tangled undergrowth, with very mobile pelvic fins that move independently of each other and the ability to twist separately from the rest of the body. They are able to breathe air in shallow-water conditions, but the swim bladder is not involved. Instead they absorb oxygen through their oral cavity.[2]
Referencesedit
^ abde Pinna, Mário; Zuanon, Jansen; Rapp Py-Daniel, Lucia; Petry, Paulo (2018). "A new family of neotropical freshwater fishes from deep fossorial Amazonian habitat, with a reappraisal of morphological characiform phylogeny (Teleostei: Ostariophysi)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (1): 76–106. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx028. ISSN 0024-4082.
^Paleogene emergence and evolutionary history of the Amazonian fossorial fish genus Tarumania (Teleostei: Tarumaniidae)
January 01, 1970
tarumania, this, article, orphan, other, articles, link, please, introduce, links, this, page, from, related, articles, find, link, tool, suggestions, november, 2019, genus, freshwater, fish, described, 2017, contains, single, species, walkerae, constitutes, o. This article is an orphan as no other articles link to it Please introduce links to this page from related articles try the Find link tool for suggestions November 2019 Tarumania is a genus of freshwater fish described in 2017 It contains a single species Tarumania walkerae and constitutes the only genus in the family Tarumaniidae T walkerae is a predatory species that hunts among the leaf litter on the bottom of flooded forests in the Rio Negro drainage basin Tarumania Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Actinopterygii Order Characiformes Superfamily Erythrinoidea Family TarumaniidaeM de Pinna et al 2017 Genus TarumaniaM de Pinna et al 2017 Species T walkerae Binomial name Tarumania walkeraeM de Pinna et al 2017Discovery and taxonomy editThe species first came to the attention of scientists in 2002 in the form of a poorly preserved juvenile specimen collected as part of a survey The specimen possessed many unusual traits and could not be identified even to family level Due to the poor preservation no formal description was attempted until many years later after the discovery of a living population and collection of better specimens The genus name Tarumania was chosen after the site of first collection the Taruma Mirim River Tarumania is a characiform the order which includes piranhas and tetras Due to its distinctness from all other characiformes the describers placed it in its own family Tarumaniidae Based on their morphological analysis they estimated Tarumaniidae to be most likely the sister group of Erythrinidae the trahira family but no DNA evidence was available to confirm or deny this 1 Description and biology editTarumania possesses a very unusual swim bladder divided into eleven separate compartments as opposed to one or two in most fish which extends along almost the entire length of the body Its body is extremely elongated and oval shaped giving the fish an eel like appearance Like the unrelated Lepidogalaxias they have a flexible neck that allows them to bend their head at a right angle relative to the trunk 1 All specimens of Tarumania were recovered from isolated pools among the leaf litter of the forest where they appear to hunt invertebrates such as shrimp on the flooded forest floor They are well adapted to swim amongst tangled undergrowth with very mobile pelvic fins that move independently of each other and the ability to twist separately from the rest of the body They are able to breathe air in shallow water conditions but the swim bladder is not involved Instead they absorb oxygen through their oral cavity 2 References edit a b de Pinna Mario Zuanon Jansen Rapp Py Daniel Lucia Petry Paulo 2018 A new family of neotropical freshwater fishes from deep fossorial Amazonian habitat with a reappraisal of morphological characiform phylogeny Teleostei Ostariophysi Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 182 1 76 106 doi 10 1093 zoolinnean zlx028 ISSN 0024 4082 Paleogene emergence and evolutionary history of the Amazonian fossorial fish genus Tarumania Teleostei Tarumaniidae Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tarumania amp oldid 1188736163, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
