Tarleton was launched in 1796 at Liverpool for Tarleton & Co., a Liverpool firm that had been in the slave trade for three generations. She made two full voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people before she was wrecked on a third voyage in late 1798. On her first voyage she repelled two attacks by French privateers in single-ship actions. Unusually, but not uniquely, slaves helped work her guns.
Radcliffe Shimmins, Tarleton's master, received a letter of marque on 13 May 1796.[2][a] She proceeded to make three cruises as a slaver between 1796 and 1798.
On her first enslaving voyage, Shimmins sailed Tarleton from Liverpool on 19 June 1796.[4]
In 1796, 103 British vessels left British ports on enslaving voyages. Ninety-four of these vessels sailed from Liverpool.[5]
Tarleton arrived at Loanga on 25 August. She left Africa on 26 October.[4]
On 28 November Tarleton drove off a French privateer of 12 guns with a single broadside, and later that day succeeded in repelling another after an engagement of three hours. This second privateer mounted twenty 9-pounder guns on her main deck, and eight guns on her quarterdeck.[6] Shimmins and his men, including some captives that helped man the guns, sustained no casualties.[7]Tarleton was approaching Barbados at the time and the next day arrived there.[8]
Tarleton arrived at Martinique on 13 December. She had embarked 394 captives and disembarked 380, for a mortality rate of 3.6%. Tarleton left Martinique on 9 January 1797 and arrived back at Liverpool on 13 April. On her voyage she had also lost four crew members; she had left Liverpool with 37 crew members.[4]
On his second enslaving voyage, in 1797, Shimmins gathered his captives in the Bight of Biafra at Bonny Island and Gulf of Guinea island, and delivered them to St. Vincent. He had arrived with 435.[b] By the time Tarleton arrived back at Liverpool on 8 March 1798, she had lost five crew members; she had left Liverpool with 43 men.[10]
In 1798, 160 British vessels left on enslaving voyages; 149 sailed from Liverpool.[5]
In January 1799 Tarleton was reported to have been lost at Cape Palmas.[12][13] She was lost before she had embarked any slaves.[14][c]
In 1799, 18 British slave ships were lost. Seven, including Tarleton, were lost outbound before they could embark slaves.[16]
Notesedit
^Radcliffe Shimmins had been captain of Prince of Wales in 1794 when a French privateer had captured them as they were carrying slaves to the West Indies.
^The Dolben Act mandated a limit of 400 slaves per voyage for Tarleton. On her previous voyage she had been within the limit, though the Dolben Act limit was in abeyance for 1796 as Parliament had failed to renew the Act that year. On her second voyage the Act was again in force so she may have been subject to a penalty on her return to Liverpool for exceeding the limit.[9]
^Radcliffe Shimmins went on to captain King George in April 1799 on a slave voyage.[15]
Citationsedit
^Lloyd's Register (1796) Supplement, no sequence number.
^ abcdLetter of Marque, p.89 - accessed 25 July 2017.
Brooke, Richard (1853). Liverpool as it was During the Last Quarter of the Eighteenth Century. 1775 to 1800. J. Mawdsley and son.
Howley, Frank (2008). Slavers, Traders and Privateers: Liverpool, the African Trade and Revolution, 1773-1808. Countyvise. ISBN9781901231984.
Inikori, Joseph (1996). "Measuring the unmeasured hazards of the Atlantic slave trade: Documents relating to the British trade". Revue française d'histoire d'outre-mer. 83 (312): 53–92. doi:10.3406/outre.1996.3457.
Wilkins, Frances (2000). 2,000 Manx Mariners: An Eighteenth Century Survey. Wyre Forest Press. ISBN978-1897725146.
Williams, Gomer (1897). History of the Liverpool Privateers and Letters of Marque: With an Account of the Liverpool Slave Trade. W. Heinemann.
January 01, 1970
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For other ships with the same name see List of ships named Tarleton Tarleton was launched in 1796 at Liverpool for Tarleton amp Co a Liverpool firm that had been in the slave trade for three generations She made two full voyages as a slave ship in the triangular trade in enslaved people before she was wrecked on a third voyage in late 1798 On her first voyage she repelled two attacks by French privateers in single ship actions Unusually but not uniquely slaves helped work her guns History Great Britain NameTarleton OwnerTarleton amp Co 1 BuilderLiverpool Launched1796 FateLost late 1798 General characteristics Tons burthen260 2 or 261 3 bm PropulsionSail Complement20 2 Armament1796 10 6 pounder guns 2 1797 16 4 pounder 6 6 pounder guns Contents 1 Career 2 Loss 3 Notes 4 Citations 5 ReferencesCareer editRadcliffe Shimmins Tarleton s master received a letter of marque on 13 May 1796 2 a She proceeded to make three cruises as a slaver between 1796 and 1798 On her first enslaving voyage Shimmins sailed Tarleton from Liverpool on 19 June 1796 4 In 1796 103 British vessels left British ports on enslaving voyages Ninety four of these vessels sailed from Liverpool 5 Tarleton arrived at Loanga on 25 August She left Africa on 26 October 4 On 28 November Tarleton drove off a French privateer of 12 guns with a single broadside and later that day succeeded in repelling another after an engagement of three hours This second privateer mounted twenty 9 pounder guns on her main deck and eight guns on her quarterdeck 6 Shimmins and his men including some captives that helped man the guns sustained no casualties 7 Tarleton was approaching Barbados at the time and the next day arrived there 8 Tarleton arrived at Martinique on 13 December She had embarked 394 captives and disembarked 380 for a mortality rate of 3 6 Tarleton left Martinique on 9 January 1797 and arrived back at Liverpool on 13 April On her voyage she had also lost four crew members she had left Liverpool with 37 crew members 4 On his second enslaving voyage in 1797 Shimmins gathered his captives in the Bight of Biafra at Bonny Island and Gulf of Guinea island and delivered them to St Vincent He had arrived with 435 b By the time Tarleton arrived back at Liverpool on 8 March 1798 she had lost five crew members she had left Liverpool with 43 men 10 Loss editTarleton left Liverpool on 30 July 1798 11 In 1798 160 British vessels left on enslaving voyages 149 sailed from Liverpool 5 In January 1799 Tarleton was reported to have been lost at Cape Palmas 12 13 She was lost before she had embarked any slaves 14 c In 1799 18 British slave ships were lost Seven including Tarleton were lost outbound before they could embark slaves 16 Notes edit Radcliffe Shimmins had been captain of Prince of Wales in 1794 when a French privateer had captured them as they were carrying slaves to the West Indies The Dolben Act mandated a limit of 400 slaves per voyage for Tarleton On her previous voyage she had been within the limit though the Dolben Act limit was in abeyance for 1796 as Parliament had failed to renew the Act that year On her second voyage the Act was again in force so she may have been subject to a penalty on her return to Liverpool for exceeding the limit 9 Radcliffe Shimmins went on to captain King George in April 1799 on a slave voyage 15 Citations edit Lloyd s Register 1796 Supplement no sequence number a b c d Letter of Marque p 89 accessed 25 July 2017 Lloyd s List Seq 7 a b c Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database Tarleton voyage 83712 a b Williams 1897 p 680 Brooke 1853 p 461 Williams 1897 pp 349 350 Howley 2008 p 233 Howley 2008 p 151 Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database Tarleton voyage 83713 Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database Tarleton voyage 83714 The Marine List Lloyd s List No 3051 1 January 1799 hdl 2027 mdp 39015036615428 Inikori 1996 p 73 Wilkins 2000 p 75 Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database King George voyage 82142 Inikori 1996 pp 62 amp 73 References editBrooke Richard 1853 Liverpool as it was During the Last Quarter of the Eighteenth Century 1775 to 1800 J Mawdsley and son Howley Frank 2008 Slavers Traders and Privateers Liverpool the African Trade and Revolution 1773 1808 Countyvise ISBN 9781901231984 Inikori Joseph 1996 Measuring the unmeasured hazards of the Atlantic slave trade Documents relating to the British trade Revue francaise d histoire d outre mer 83 312 53 92 doi 10 3406 outre 1996 3457 Wilkins Frances 2000 2 000 Manx Mariners An Eighteenth Century Survey Wyre Forest Press ISBN 978 1897725146 Williams Gomer 1897 History of the Liverpool Privateers and Letters of Marque With an Account of the Liverpool Slave Trade W Heinemann Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tarleton 1796 ship amp oldid 1216353099, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
