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Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman

April 14, 2024

Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman (25 November 1927 – 19 June 2009) was one of India's pre-eminent metallurgists and materials scientists.[1]

Early life and education edit

Anantharaman was born in Tamil Nadu, India, on 25 November 1927. He obtained his BSc (Hons.) in chemistry from Madras University in 1947, D.I.I.Sc. in Metallurgy from the Indian Institute of Science (Bangalore) in 1950 and an MSc degree in metallurgical chemistry from Madras University in 1951. After securing the first rank in all university examinations, he was awarded the only Indian Rhodes Scholarship of 1951 for his doctorate research in physical metallurgy at Oxford University (England). In 1954, he received a D.Phil. from Oxford and was in 1980 subsequently awarded the higher doctoral degree D.Sc. from the same university in recognition of his research output in many areas of metallurgy and materials science.

Starting with his two-month visit to Australia as Nuffield Scholar in extractive metallurgy in 1949, Anantharaman has traveled far and wide in the world during the last five decades. Apart from the three years (1951–1954) in England and two years (1954–1956) in Germany, he has been on many extended overseas visits on assignments ranging from a few weeks to several months, mostly as visiting scientist or visiting professor.

Research and career edit

Anantharaman's professional career spanning over four decades included the following assignments: Research Associate, Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Stuttgart, Germany (1954–56), Assistant Professor of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore (1956–62), Professor of Metallurgy, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi (BHU), Varanasi (1962–87). He served BHU as Head, Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Dean, Faculty of Engineering and Technology; Director, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU) Varanasi, Member, Executive Council, Rector and Acting Vice-Chancellor. After retiring in 1987, he worked as Director, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology (Deemed University), Patiala (1989–92) and also as CSIR Emeritus Scientist (1987–89, 1993–95) and INSA Senior' Scientist (1995–2000), spending the 1993–2000 period at the National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi.

Anantharaman's research accomplishments encompass a broad spectrum of topics in physical metallurgy and material science. However, his most creative efforts have centered round pioneering contributions on rapidly solidified alloys and metallic glasses. Along with his many gifted doctorate students he has innovated new techniques for rapid solidification and discovered a variety of metastable phases. He has directed major national projects on micro-structural characterization, metallic glasses and rapidly solidified iron alloys.

Anantharaman has over 250 scientific publications to his credit. He has edited along with his colleagues Proceedings of three International Conferences viz., Metal Sciences – the Emerging Frontiers (1978), Light Metals – Science & Technology (1985) & Advanced Techniques for Materials Characterization (1989). He edited a book Metallic Glasses in 1984 and co-authored Rapidly Solidified Metals: A Technological Overview in 1987, both books published by Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland. As part of his recent involvement in studies related to India's scientific and technological heritage, he wrote a monograph entitled The Rustless Wonder: A Study of the Iron Pillar at Delhi, published by Vigyan Prasar, Government of India, in 1996. This monograph has been translated into Hindi and Tamil, its CD-ROM has proved popular and it has stimulated further researches and publications on India's metallurgical heritage.

Awards edit

  • Kamani Gold Medal of the Indian Institute of Metals (UM) in 1960.
  • National Metallurgists' Day Award of the Union Ministry of Steel and Mines in 1964.
  • Shanti Swamp Bhatnagar Prize of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) for Engineering Sciences in 1967.
  • Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) Award for individual Initiative in Science and Technology in 1972.
  • Homi J. Bhabha Award for Applied Sciences by the University Grants Commission (DGC) and Hari Om Trust in 1974.
  • VASVIK Award in Materials Science in 1978.
  • Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship of the Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund (JNMF) during 1979–8 I.
  • Election as President of the Indian Institute of Metals (IIM) in 1979.
  • Bhatnagar Medal of the Indian National Science Academy (INS A) in 1982.
  • Distinguished Alumnus Award of the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) In 1982.
  • Tata Gold Medal of the Indian Institute of Metals (IIM) in 1983.
  • Materials Science Prize of the Indian National Science Academy (INSA) in 1987.
  • Henry Clifton Sorby Award, International Metallographic Society (IMS) in 1989.
  • Eminent Teacher of Metallurgy Award on the occasion of the Golden Jubilee of the Department of Metallurgy, Bengal Engineering College, Howrah in 1990.
  • Outstanding Teacher of an Engineering Institution – National A ward conferred by Indian Society of Technical Education (ISTE) and Uttar Pradesh Government in 1991.
  • IIM Platinum Medal, the highest conferment of the Indian Institute of Metals, in 1996.
  • Professor G.P. Chatterji Memorial Award of the Indian Science Congress Association (ISCA) in 1997.
  • Distinguished Services Award of the Department of Metallurgical Engineering, BHU, Varanasi, on the occasion of its Platinum Jubilee in 1998.
  • Dr. B.C. Roy National Award for "Eminence in Philosophy" in 2001.
  • First-Ever "Lifetime Achievement Award in Metallurgy," instituted by Union Ministry of Steel and Mines in 2004.

In recognition of his numerous contributions to the Science of Metals as teacher and researcher, Anantharaman has been elected Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences (1964), the Indian National Science Academy (1972), the Institution of Metallurgists, London (1968), Indian National Academy of Engineering (1987 – its Foundation Year) and the American Society of Materials (1990). He is Honorary Member of the Indian Institute of Metals, Ehrenmitgleid Honorary Member) of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Metallkunde (German Society for Metals) and Corresponding Member of the Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences. In 1989 he became the first Afro-Asian to be conferred the highly coveted Sorby Award of the 'International Metallographic Society' for his lifelong contributions to metallography.

To quote from a citation of his alma mater at Bangalore in 1982, "Through his distinguished contributions to metallurgical education and research, by nurturing the Centre for Advanced Study in Physical and Mechanical Metallurgy at Varanasi and by inspiring generations of students, Professor Anantharaman has had profound influence on the growth of metallurgy in independent India. The primary credit for the outstanding profile of present-day Indian metallurgical research rightly belongs to him".

Other work edit

Another important dimension of Anantharaman's personality relates to Spirituality, Philosophy and Religion, particularly of the Vedic and Yogic traditions of India going back to over 4000 years. During the sixties and seventies, he participated in several programs of the Gandhian Sarvodaya Movement and drew inspiration from Mahatma Gandhi's spiritual heir Acharya Vinoba Bhave, the Initiator of Bhoodaan (Land Gifts) Movement. In 1974, he took steps to establish the Yoga Sadhana Kendra (Centre for Yoga) as an interdisciplinary academic unit of BHU and directed its activities for four years. This centre is still active and popular in the BHU Campus. He also took steps to launch the Indian Academy of Yoga as a Learned Society in 1981. He was founder-president of the academy during 1981–83 and has since been elected president for the 1984–86, 1987–89, 1997–99, 2002–04 and 2005–2007 triennia.

Apart from over 50 articles on Philosophy, Religion and Ethics, Anantharaman has authored two books in German, one on the Bhagavad-Gita (1961) published by Guenther Verlag, Stuttgart, and the other on Erkenntis durch Meditation (Knowledge through Meditation) published in 1977 by the Deutsch-Indische Gesellschaft, Stuttgart. His monograph entitled Ancient Yoga and Modern Science was brought out in 1997 by PHISPC, the National Project on History of Indian Science, Philosophy and Culture. His two condensed versions of the original Bhagavad-Gita of 700 slokas (verses) viz., Gita-Samgrah (The Gita Abridged) of 350 slokas and Gita-Sarah (Essence of the Gita) of 140 slokas (to facilitate reciting 20 slokas on every day of the week) have been in private circulation for some years now and have often been used for his discourses on the Gita in India and abroad. In recognition of his Sanskrit scholarship the Kashi Pandita Sabha (Scholars Guild of Varanasi) conferred on him in 1980 the title Vidya-Vachaspati, this conferment being equivalent to a Doctorate degree in Philosophy and Religion. In 2001, he was conferred the Dr. B. C. Roy National Award for "Eminence in Philosophy", the third person and the first scientist to receive it during the last four decades.

Anantharaman has also functioned as Kula Acharya (Chancellor) of Ashram, Atmadeep Research Institute for the Seculo-Spiritual Heritage of India (RISHI) & Headquarters of a Unique Movement for the Third Millennium to rejuvenate the Human Family through Secular Spirituality and Scientific Yoga. The Ashram is located just south of Delhi and has been given accreditation in 2004 as a Research Centre for Yoga and Allied Subjects by the Department of AYUSH, Ministry for Health and Family Welfare, Government of India.

References edit

  1. ^ . Indian National Science Academy. 2016. Archived from the original on 12 August 2016. Retrieved 13 May 2016.

April 14, 2024
tanjore, ramachandra, anantharaman, november, 1927, june, 2009, india, eminent, metallurgists, materials, scientists, born25, november, 1927, 1927, tanjore, tamil, nadu, british, india, died19, june, 2009, 2009, aged, alma, matermadras, universityindian, insti. Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman 25 November 1927 19 June 2009 was one of India s pre eminent metallurgists and materials scientists 1 Tanjore Ramachandra AnantharamanBorn25 November 1927 1927 11 25 Tanjore Tamil Nadu British India Died19 June 2009 2009 06 19 aged 81 Alma materMadras UniversityIndian Institute of ScienceOxford UniversityAwardsShanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize 1967 Scientific careerFieldsMetallurgy Material Science and Engineering InstitutionsIndian Institute of ScienceBanaras Hindu UniversityThapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Research and career 3 Awards 4 Other work 5 ReferencesEarly life and education editAnantharaman was born in Tamil Nadu India on 25 November 1927 He obtained his BSc Hons in chemistry from Madras University in 1947 D I I Sc in Metallurgy from the Indian Institute of Science Bangalore in 1950 and an MSc degree in metallurgical chemistry from Madras University in 1951 After securing the first rank in all university examinations he was awarded the only Indian Rhodes Scholarship of 1951 for his doctorate research in physical metallurgy at Oxford University England In 1954 he received a D Phil from Oxford and was in 1980 subsequently awarded the higher doctoral degree D Sc from the same university in recognition of his research output in many areas of metallurgy and materials science Starting with his two month visit to Australia as Nuffield Scholar in extractive metallurgy in 1949 Anantharaman has traveled far and wide in the world during the last five decades Apart from the three years 1951 1954 in England and two years 1954 1956 in Germany he has been on many extended overseas visits on assignments ranging from a few weeks to several months mostly as visiting scientist or visiting professor Research and career editAnantharaman s professional career spanning over four decades included the following assignments Research Associate Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems Stuttgart Germany 1954 56 Assistant Professor of Metallurgy Indian Institute of Science Bangalore 1956 62 Professor of Metallurgy Indian Institute of Technology BHU Varanasi BHU Varanasi 1962 87 He served BHU as Head Department of Metallurgical Engineering Dean Faculty of Engineering and Technology Director Indian Institute of Technology BHU Varanasi Member Executive Council Rector and Acting Vice Chancellor After retiring in 1987 he worked as Director Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology Deemed University Patiala 1989 92 and also as CSIR Emeritus Scientist 1987 89 1993 95 and INSA Senior Scientist 1995 2000 spending the 1993 2000 period at the National Physical Laboratory New Delhi Anantharaman s research accomplishments encompass a broad spectrum of topics in physical metallurgy and material science However his most creative efforts have centered round pioneering contributions on rapidly solidified alloys and metallic glasses Along with his many gifted doctorate students he has innovated new techniques for rapid solidification and discovered a variety of metastable phases He has directed major national projects on micro structural characterization metallic glasses and rapidly solidified iron alloys Anantharaman has over 250 scientific publications to his credit He has edited along with his colleagues Proceedings of three International Conferences viz Metal Sciences the Emerging Frontiers 1978 Light Metals Science amp Technology 1985 amp Advanced Techniques for Materials Characterization 1989 He edited a book Metallic Glasses in 1984 and co authored Rapidly Solidified Metals A Technological Overview in 1987 both books published by Trans Tech Publications Switzerland As part of his recent involvement in studies related to India s scientific and technological heritage he wrote a monograph entitled The Rustless Wonder A Study of the Iron Pillar at Delhi published by Vigyan Prasar Government of India in 1996 This monograph has been translated into Hindi and Tamil its CD ROM has proved popular and it has stimulated further researches and publications on India s metallurgical heritage Awards editKamani Gold Medal of the Indian Institute of Metals UM in 1960 National Metallurgists Day Award of the Union Ministry of Steel and Mines in 1964 Shanti Swamp Bhatnagar Prize of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research CSIR for Engineering Sciences in 1967 Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry FICCI Award for individual Initiative in Science and Technology in 1972 Homi J Bhabha Award for Applied Sciences by the University Grants Commission DGC and Hari Om Trust in 1974 VASVIK Award in Materials Science in 1978 Jawaharlal Nehru Fellowship of the Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund JNMF during 1979 8 I Election as President of the Indian Institute of Metals IIM in 1979 Bhatnagar Medal of the Indian National Science Academy INS A in 1982 Distinguished Alumnus Award of the Indian Institute of Science IISc In 1982 Tata Gold Medal of the Indian Institute of Metals IIM in 1983 Materials Science Prize of the Indian National Science Academy INSA in 1987 Henry Clifton Sorby Award International Metallographic Society IMS in 1989 Eminent Teacher of Metallurgy Award on the occasion of the Golden Jubilee of the Department of Metallurgy Bengal Engineering College Howrah in 1990 Outstanding Teacher of an Engineering Institution National A ward conferred by Indian Society of Technical Education ISTE and Uttar Pradesh Government in 1991 IIM Platinum Medal the highest conferment of the Indian Institute of Metals in 1996 Professor G P Chatterji Memorial Award of the Indian Science Congress Association ISCA in 1997 Distinguished Services Award of the Department of Metallurgical Engineering BHU Varanasi on the occasion of its Platinum Jubilee in 1998 Dr B C Roy National Award for Eminence in Philosophy in 2001 First Ever Lifetime Achievement Award in Metallurgy instituted by Union Ministry of Steel and Mines in 2004 In recognition of his numerous contributions to the Science of Metals as teacher and researcher Anantharaman has been elected Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences 1964 the Indian National Science Academy 1972 the Institution of Metallurgists London 1968 Indian National Academy of Engineering 1987 its Foundation Year and the American Society of Materials 1990 He is Honorary Member of the Indian Institute of Metals Ehrenmitgleid Honorary Member of the Deutsche Gesellschaft fuer Metallkunde German Society for Metals and Corresponding Member of the Royal Academy for Overseas Sciences In 1989 he became the first Afro Asian to be conferred the highly coveted Sorby Award of the International Metallographic Society for his lifelong contributions to metallography To quote from a citation of his alma mater at Bangalore in 1982 Through his distinguished contributions to metallurgical education and research by nurturing the Centre for Advanced Study in Physical and Mechanical Metallurgy at Varanasi and by inspiring generations of students Professor Anantharaman has had profound influence on the growth of metallurgy in independent India The primary credit for the outstanding profile of present day Indian metallurgical research rightly belongs to him Other work editAnother important dimension of Anantharaman s personality relates to Spirituality Philosophy and Religion particularly of the Vedic and Yogic traditions of India going back to over 4000 years During the sixties and seventies he participated in several programs of the Gandhian Sarvodaya Movement and drew inspiration from Mahatma Gandhi s spiritual heir Acharya Vinoba Bhave the Initiator of Bhoodaan Land Gifts Movement In 1974 he took steps to establish the Yoga Sadhana Kendra Centre for Yoga as an interdisciplinary academic unit of BHU and directed its activities for four years This centre is still active and popular in the BHU Campus He also took steps to launch the Indian Academy of Yoga as a Learned Society in 1981 He was founder president of the academy during 1981 83 and has since been elected president for the 1984 86 1987 89 1997 99 2002 04 and 2005 2007 triennia Apart from over 50 articles on Philosophy Religion and Ethics Anantharaman has authored two books in German one on the Bhagavad Gita 1961 published by Guenther Verlag Stuttgart and the other on Erkenntis durch Meditation Knowledge through Meditation published in 1977 by the Deutsch Indische Gesellschaft Stuttgart His monograph entitled Ancient Yoga and Modern Science was brought out in 1997 by PHISPC the National Project on History of Indian Science Philosophy and Culture His two condensed versions of the original Bhagavad Gita of 700 slokas verses viz Gita Samgrah The Gita Abridged of 350 slokas and Gita Sarah Essence of the Gita of 140 slokas to facilitate reciting 20 slokas on every day of the week have been in private circulation for some years now and have often been used for his discourses on the Gita in India and abroad In recognition of his Sanskrit scholarship the Kashi Pandita Sabha Scholars Guild of Varanasi conferred on him in 1980 the title Vidya Vachaspati this conferment being equivalent to a Doctorate degree in Philosophy and Religion In 2001 he was conferred the Dr B C Roy National Award for Eminence in Philosophy the third person and the first scientist to receive it during the last four decades Anantharaman has also functioned as Kula Acharya Chancellor of Ashram Atmadeep Research Institute for the Seculo Spiritual Heritage of India RISHI amp Headquarters of a Unique Movement for the Third Millennium to rejuvenate the Human Family through Secular Spirituality and Scientific Yoga The Ashram is located just south of Delhi and has been given accreditation in 2004 as a Research Centre for Yoga and Allied Subjects by the Department of AYUSH Ministry for Health and Family Welfare Government of India References edit Deceased Fellow Indian National Science Academy 2016 Archived from the original on 12 August 2016 Retrieved 13 May 2016 Preface and foreword special issue Prof T R Anantharaman Journal of Materials Science 44 9 2177 2009 Bibcode 2009JMatS 44 2177 doi 10 1007 s10853 009 3363 5 S2CID 135557424 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tanjore Ramachandra Anantharaman amp oldid 1166285602, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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