Deviled egg
Deviled eggs, also known as stuffed eggs, curried eggs or dressed eggs, are hard-boiled eggs that have been peeled, cut in half, and filled with the yolk, mixed with other ingredients such as mayonnaise and mustard.[1] They are generally served cold as a side dish, appetizer or a main course during gatherings or parties. The dish's origin can be seen in recipes for boiled, seasoned eggs as far back as ancient Rome, where they were traditionally served as a first course.[2][3] The dish is popular in Europe, North America and Australia.
A bowl of deviled eggs | |
| Alternative names | stuffed eggs, Russian eggs, dressed eggs, curried eggs |
|---|---|
| Course | Hors d'oeuvre |
| Place of origin | Italy, Spain |
| Region or state | Rome, Andalusia |
| Serving temperature | Cold |
| Main ingredients | Eggs, mayonnaise, mustard |
| Variations | Multiple |
| 200 kcal (837 kJ) | |
| |
Etymology edit
The English word "devil", in reference to highly seasoned food, was in use in the 18th century, with the first known print reference appearing in 1786.[4] In the 19th century, the adjective "deviled" came to be used most often with spicy or zesty food, including eggs prepared with mustard, pepper, or other ingredients stuffed in the yolk cavity.[5] Similar uses of "devil" for spiced foods include deviled ham and fra diavolo sauce (from the Italian word for "devil").
At church functions in parts of the Southern and Midwestern United States, the terms "stuffed eggs", "salad eggs", and "dressed eggs" occur instead, to avoid reference to the word "devil".[6] For this reason, the term "angel eggs" is also occasionally used.[7]
History edit
The deviled egg can be traced back to ancient Rome, where boiled eggs were seasoned with spicy sauces and served as a starter meal during gatherings and feasts. Serving eggs while entertaining guests was so common for wealthy Romans, they even had a saying for it, "ab ovo usque ad mala", meaning "from eggs to apples", or from the beginning of a meal to the end.[8]
Recipes for hard-boiled eggs stuffed with herbs, cheese and raisins can be found in the cookery texts of medieval European cuisine.[9]
The earliest known recipe for stuffed eggs, and the one that most closely resembles the modern-day deviled egg, is believed to have been written in the Andalusian region of Spain during the 13th century. According to the English translation of a recipe found in an unnamed 13th century Andalusian cookbook, boiled egg yolks were mixed with cilantro (coriander), pepper, and onion juice, then beat with murri (a sauce made of fermented barley or fish), oil and salt. The mixture was then stuffed into the hollowed-out egg whites, and the two halves of the egg were fastened back together with a small stick and topped with pepper.[10][11][12][13]
The earliest known American recipe for deviled eggs was printed in the Montgomery Advertiser, a local news publication in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1877.[14] The first known recipe to suggest the use of mayonnaise as an ingredient in deviled eggs was in the 1896 version of an American cookbook named The Boston Cooking School Cook Book by Fannie Farmer.[15][16][17][18][19]
Preparation and ingredients edit
Cooled hard-boiled eggs are peeled and halved lengthwise, with the yolks then removed. (They can be cut crosswise for more filling). The yolk is then mashed and mixed with a variety of other ingredients.[20] These usually incorporate a fat-based product (such as butter, heavy cream, or mayonnaise) with spicy and/or piquant ingredients to contrast taste (and, sometimes, texture). One recipe has the yolks mashed with mayonnaise, dijon mustard, vinegar, pickle relish and salt and pepper.[9] The yolk mixture is then scooped into each egg "cup" formed by the firm egg whites.
Ingredient choices vary widely and there is no standard recipe. Although mayonnaise is most common, some recipes use butter, and sweet pickle relish sometimes replaces the sour pickles.[21]
Variations edit
There are many variations on the basic recipe that may add ingredients such as:
In different countries edit
United States of America edit
In the United States, deviled eggs are a common dish that are typically served as hors d'oeuvres or appetizers during gatherings and parties.[22]
The eggs are boiled, cooled, shelled, and then sliced in half. The yolk is then removed and mixed with other ingredients, such as mayonnaise, mustard, vinegar, pickle relish, and other spices and herbs. It is then blended into a smooth paste which is used to fill the hollowed-out egg whites. They are generally served cold and are often dusted with paprika.[23][24]
The earliest known American recipe for deviled eggs was printed in the Montgomery Advertiser, a news publication in Montgomery, Alabama, in 1877.[25]
The first known recipe to use mayonnaise as an ingredient in deviled eggs was in the 1896 version of an American cookbook titled The Boston Cooking School Cookbook by Fannie Farmer. In this early recipe, the mayonnaise was recommended as a binding agent for the yolk mixture.[26][27]
Deviled eggs have been a popular dish in the United States dating as far back as the 1920s. In 1923, Wanda Barton suggested in her newspaper column, “Home-Making Helps”, to save egg cartons because "they are fine for carrying boiled or deviled eggs."[28] By the 1940s, deviled eggs had become a staple food at picnics, parties and gatherings in the United States.[29]
According to an online survey commissioned by McCormick in 2019, nearly 61 percent of Americans planned to make and/or eat deviled eggs during Easter Sunday of that same year.[30]
Europe edit
In many European countries, especially Belgium, France, the Netherlands and Germany, a variation is served known as "Russian eggs"[citation needed]. This consists of eggs cut in half, served with vegetable macédoine and garnished with mayonnaise, parsley and tomato.[31] Contrary to what the name might suggest, the dish does not originate in Russia; its name derives from the fact that the eggs are served on a bed of macédoine, which is sometimes called "Russian salad". In German cuisine, other common flavourings of the yolks are anchovies, cheese and caper.
France edit
In France, the dish is called œuf mimosa ("mimosa egg", named after the appearance of the mimosa tree[32]); in Hungary, töltött tojás ("stuffed egg") or kaszinótojás ("casino egg"); in Poland, jajka faszerowane ("stuffed eggs"); in the Netherlands gevuld ei ("stuffed egg"); in Sweden fyllda ägg ("stuffed eggs"); on the island of Malta bajd mimli ("stuffed eggs")
Sweden edit
In Sweden, the deviled egg (fyllda ägghalvor) is a traditional dish for the Easter Smörgåsbord, where the yolk is mixed with caviar, cream or sour cream, optionally chopped red onion, and decorated with chopped chives or dill, perhaps with a piece of anchovy or pickled herring.
Hungary edit
In Hungarian cuisine, the yolks are mashed and mixed with white bread soaked in milk, mustard and parsley, often served as an appetizer with mayonnaise, or as a main course baked in the oven with Hungarian sour cream topping and served with French fries.
Romania edit
In Romania, deviled eggs are called ouă umplute („stuffed eggs”) and are a popular dish frequently prepared both for religious and secular celebrations. Several stuffings are available with the most frequent consisting of the classic mixture of yolks with mayonnaise, or with liver paté added, a different mixture with cheese or fish paste decorated with carrot or pickle slices and parsley or dill leaves.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Robert A. Palmatier, "Food: a dictionary of literal & nonliteral terms" Westport: Greenwood Press, 2000. p. 96
- ^ Rebecca Katz (February 26, 2013). The Longevity Kitchen: Satisfying, Big-Flavor Recipes Featuring the Top 16 Age-Busting Power Foods. Random House Digital, Inc. pp. 173–. ISBN 978-1-60774-294-4. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
- ^ "The Ancient History of Deviled Eggs". Retrieved August 21, 2017.
- ^ "What's up with "Deviled" eggs, ham, etc.?". The Straight Dope. October 12, 2004. Retrieved January 3, 2022.
- ^ Symposium, Oxford Oxford; Hosking, Richard (2007). Eggs in Cookery: Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium of Food and Cookery 2006. Oxford Symposium. ISBN 978-1-903018-54-5.
- ^ Bienvenu, Marcelle (July 15, 2013). "Cooking Creole: Deviled eggs and their alternate name for church functions". NOLA.com. The Times-Picayune. Retrieved March 15, 2022.
In some regions of the South and the Midwest, deviled eggs are also called salad or dressed eggs when they are served at a church function, to avoid the term 'deviled.'
- ^ "Deviled Egg Southern Recipe". Little Cooks Reading Books. February 7, 2023. Retrieved September 19, 2023.
- ^ "Deviled Eggs History: From Rome to Your Home". November 2, 2018.
- ^ a b "Deviled eggs are hard to resist". The Republic from Columbus, Indiana. December 31, 2003. Retrieved October 6, 2020.
- ^ "Deviled Eggs History: From Rome to Your Home". November 2, 2018.
- ^ "Spanish Deviled Eggs". December 27, 2016.
- ^ "An Anonymous Andalusian Cookbook of the 13th Century".
- ^ "Andalusian Cookbook: Table of Contents".
- ^ "Anne Byrn shows us how deviled eggs came to rule the Southern potluck". June 5, 2018.
- ^ "History of Deviled Eggs (+ A Recipe)". September 17, 2014.
- ^ "The Delicious History of Deviled Eggs: GeneFoods #9". May 8, 2019.
- ^ "Deviled Eggs History: From Rome to Your Home". November 2, 2018.
- ^ "Spanish Deviled Eggs". December 27, 2016.
- ^ Farmer, Fannie Merritt (1920). "The Boston Cooking-School Cook Book".
- ^ The Art of Making Devilled Eggs (2008-08-08)
- ^ "Heavenly variations on deviled eggs". The Journal Times from Racine, Wisconsin. May 11, 1998. Retrieved October 7, 2020.
- ^ "The Delicious History of Deviled Eggs: GeneFoods #9". May 8, 2019.
- ^ "Herbed Deviled Eggs Recipe".
- ^ "BEST Deviled Eggs Recipe - How to Make Deviled Eggs". March 30, 2019.
- ^ "Anne Byrn shows us how deviled eggs came to rule the Southern potluck". June 5, 2018.
- ^ "History of Deviled Eggs (+ A Recipe)". September 17, 2014.
- ^ "The Delicious History of Deviled Eggs: GeneFoods #9". May 8, 2019.
- ^ "Anne Byrn shows us how deviled eggs came to rule the Southern potluck". June 5, 2018.
- ^ "The Delicious History of Deviled Eggs: GeneFoods #9". May 8, 2019.
- ^ "Nearly Two-Thirds of Americans Will Have This Dish on Their Easter Menu".
- ^ . France 3 (in French). Archived from the original on June 5, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2012.
- ^ "Oeufs mimosa". The Everyday French Chef. April 13, 2017. Retrieved March 30, 2018.