Study of Transition, Outcomes, and Gender

The Study of Transition, Outcomes, and Gender (STRONG) is a cohort study of health in transgender people before and during or after gender-affirming treatments such as gender-affirming hormone therapy and gender-affirming surgery.^[1] It is being conducted at Kaiser Permanente sites in Northern California, Southern California, and Georgia and includes over 6,000 transgender people.^[1] The study was underway by 2015^[2] and the first paper for the study was published in 2017.^[1] The STRONG cohort represents the largest cohort of transgender people studied to date and the first such large-scale study conducted in the United States.^[2]

STRONG has published papers assessing transgender population size and demographics,^[3] agreement between electronic medical records and self-reported gender identity,^[4] gender dysphoria and mental health,^[5][6] suicidality,^[7] "passing" and mental health,^[8] progression of gender dysphoria in transgender youth,^[9] hematological parameters,^[10] liver parameters,^[11] acne risk,^[12][13] psoriasis risk,^[14] cardiovascular health,^[15][16] diabetes risk,^[17][18] and cancer risk.^[19]

See also

• European Network for the Investigation of Gender Incongruence (ENIGI)

References

1. Quinn VP, Nash R, Hunkeler E, Contreras R, Cromwell L, Becerra-Culqui TA, Getahun D, Giammattei S, Lash TL, Millman A, Robinson B, Roblin D, Silverberg MJ, Slovis J, Tangpricha V, Tolsma D, Valentine C, Ward K, Winter S, Goodman M (December 2017). "Cohort profile: Study of Transition, Outcomes and Gender (STRONG) to assess health status of transgender people". BMJ Open. 7 (12): e018121. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018121. PMC 5770907. PMID 29284718.
2. Quinn VP, Becerra TA, Gillespie T, Hunkeler E, Baird T, Baisch NM, Owen-Smith A, Roblin D, Stephenson R, Tangpricha V, Valentine C, Goodman M. Embedding Patients, Providers, and Community Stakeholders in Research to Improve Transgender Health. J Patient Cent Res Rev 2015;2:114–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.17294/2330-0698.1137
3. Zhang Q, Rechler W, Bradlyn A, Flanders WD, Getahun D, Lash TL, McCracken C, Nash R, Panagiotakopoulos L, Roblin D, Sandberg DE, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Vupputuri S, Goodman M (May 2021). "Changes in Size and Demographic Composition of Transgender and Gender Non-Binary Population Receiving Care at Integrated Health Systems". Endocr Pract. 27 (5): 390–395. doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2020.11.016. PMID 33678315. S2CID 232140899.
4. Gerth J, Becerra-Culqui T, Bradlyn A, Getahun D, Hunkeler EM, Lash TL, Millman A, Nash R, Quinn VP, Robinson B, Roblin D, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Vupputuri S, Goodman M (September 2018). "Agreement between medical records and self-reports: Implications for transgender health research". Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 19 (3): 263–269. doi:10.1007/s11154-018-9461-4. PMC 6438197. PMID 30219985.
5. Owen-Smith AA, Gerth J, Sineath RC, Barzilay J, Becerra-Culqui TA, Getahun D, Giammattei S, Hunkeler E, Lash TL, Millman A, Nash R, Quinn VP, Robinson B, Roblin D, Sanchez T, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Valentine C, Winter S, Woodyatt C, Song Y, Goodman M (April 2018). "Association Between Gender Confirmation Treatments and Perceived Gender Congruence, Body Image Satisfaction, and Mental Health in a Cohort of Transgender Individuals". J Sex Med. 15 (4): 591–600. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2018.01.017. PMC 5882508. PMID 29463478.
6. Becerra-Culqui TA, Liu Y, Nash R, Cromwell L, Flanders WD, Getahun D, Giammattei SV, Hunkeler EM, Lash TL, Millman A, Quinn VP, Robinson B, Roblin D, Sandberg DE, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Goodman M (May 2018). "Mental Health of Transgender and Gender Nonconforming Youth Compared With Their Peers". Pediatrics. 141 (5). doi:10.1542/peds.2017-3845. PMC 5914494. PMID 29661941.
7. Mak J, Shires DA, Zhang Q, Prieto LR, Ahmedani BK, Kattari L, Becerra-Culqui TA, Bradlyn A, Flanders WD, Getahun D, Giammattei SV, Hunkeler EM, Lash TL, Nash R, Quinn VP, Robinson B, Roblin D, Silverberg MJ, Slovis J, Tangpricha V, Vupputuri S, Goodman M (October 2020). "Suicide Attempts Among a Cohort of Transgender and Gender Diverse People". Am J Prev Med. 59 (4): 570–577. doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2020.03.026. PMC 7508867. PMID 32798005.
8. To M, Zhang Q, Bradlyn A, Getahun D, Giammattei S, Nash R, Owen-Smith AA, Roblin D, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Vupputuri S, Goodman M (October 2020). "Visual Conformity With Affirmed Gender or "Passing": Its Distribution and Association With Depression and Anxiety in a Cohort of Transgender People". J Sex Med. 17 (10): 2084–2092. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.07.019. PMC 7529975. PMID 32807706.
9. Wagner S, Panagiotakopoulos L, Nash R, Bradlyn A, Getahun D, Lash TL, Roblin D, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Vupputuri S, Goodman M (July 2021). "Progression of Gender Dysphoria in Children and Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study". Pediatrics. 148 (1). doi:10.1542/peds.2020-027722. PMC 8276590. PMID 34099504.
10. Antun A, Zhang Q, Bhasin S, Bradlyn A, Flanders WD, Getahun D, Lash TL, Nash R, Roblin D, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Vupputuri S, Goodman M (November 2020). "Longitudinal Changes in Hematologic Parameters Among Transgender People Receiving Hormone Therapy". J Endocr Soc. 4 (11): bvaa119. doi:10.1210/jendso/bvaa119. PMC 8011434. PMID 33834151.
11. Hashemi L, Zhang Q, Getahun D, Jasuja GK, McCracken C, Pisegna J, Roblin D, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Vupputuri S, Goodman M (September 2021). "Longitudinal Changes in Liver Enzyme Levels Among Transgender People Receiving Gender Affirming Hormone Therapy". J Sex Med. 18 (9): 1662–1675. doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.06.011. PMC 8444147. PMID 34366264.
12. Yeung H, Ragmanauskaite L, Zhang Q, Kim J, Tangpricha V, Getahun D, Silverberg MJ, Goodman M (November 2020). "Prevalence of moderate to severe acne in transgender adults: A cross-sectional survey". J Am Acad Dermatol. 83 (5): 1450–1452. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2020.02.053. PMC 7483412. PMID 32109538.
13. Braun H, Zhang Q, Getahun D, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Goodman M, Yeung H (March 2021). "Moderate-to-Severe Acne and Mental Health Symptoms in Transmasculine Persons Who Have Received Testosterone". JAMA Dermatol. 157 (3): 344–346. doi:10.1001/jamadermatol.2020.5353. PMC 7970332. PMID 33471032.
14. Braun H, Thompson EC, Zhang Q, Tangpricha V, Goodman M, Yeung H (28 March 2022). "Prevalence of Psoriasis and Perceived Association with Hormone Therapy in Transgender Adults". Transgender Health. 8 (4): 396–399. doi:10.1089/trgh.2021.0104. eISSN 2380-193X. ISSN 2688-4887. PMC 10387154. PMID 37525834. S2CID 247823888.
15. Getahun D, Nash R, Flanders WD, Baird TC, Becerra-Culqui TA, Cromwell L, Hunkeler E, Lash TL, Millman A, Quinn VP, Robinson B, Roblin D, Silverberg MJ, Safer J, Slovis J, Tangpricha V, Goodman M (August 2018). "Cross-sex Hormones and Acute Cardiovascular Events in Transgender Persons: A Cohort Study". Ann Intern Med. 169 (4): 205–213. doi:10.7326/M17-2785. PMC 6636681. PMID 29987313.
16. Goodman M, Getahun D, Silverberg MJ, Safer J, Tangpricha V (January 2019). "Cross-Sex Hormones and Acute Cardiovascular Events in Transgender Persons". Ann Intern Med. 170 (2): 143. doi:10.7326/L18-0564. PMID 30641565. S2CID 58004787.
17. Islam N, Nash R, Zhang Q, Panagiotakopoulos L, Daley T, Bhasin S, Getahun D, Sonya Haw J, McCracken C, Silverberg MJ, Tangpricha V, Vupputuri S, Goodman M (March 2022). "Is There a Link Between Hormone Use and Diabetes Incidence in Transgender People? Data From the STRONG Cohort". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 107 (4): e1549–e1557. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgab832. PMC 8947226. PMID 34850912.
18. Tangpricha V (May 2022). "Gender-affirming Hormone Therapy and Risk of Diabetes in Transgender Persons". J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 107 (6): e2632–e2633. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgac060. PMC 9113784. PMID 35106582.
19. Silverberg MJ, Nash R, Becerra-Culqui TA, Cromwell L, Getahun D, Hunkeler E, Lash TL, Millman A, Quinn VP, Robinson B, Roblin D, Slovis J, Tangpricha V, Goodman M (August 2017). "Cohort study of cancer risk among insured transgender people". Ann Epidemiol. 27 (8): 499–501. doi:10.1016/j.annepidem.2017.07.007. PMID 28780974.