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Stage fright

April 06, 2023

"Performance anxiety" redirects here. For other uses, see Performance anxiety (disambiguation).
For the software vulnerability, see Stagefright (bug). For other uses, see Stage fright (disambiguation).

Stage fright or performance anxiety is the anxiety, fear, or persistent phobia which may be aroused in an individual by the requirement to perform in front of an audience, real or imagined, whether actually or potentially (for example, when performing before a camera). Performing in front of an unknown audience can cause significantly more anxiety than performing in front of familiar faces. In some cases, the person will suffer no such fright from this, while they might suffer from not knowing who they're performing to. In some cases stage fright may be a part of a larger pattern of social phobia (social anxiety disorder), but many people experience stage fright without any wider problems. Quite often, stage fright arises in a mere anticipation of a performance, often a long time ahead. It has numerous manifestations: stuttering, tachycardia, tremor in the hands and legs, sweaty hands, facial nerve tics, dry mouth, and dizziness.

View of a performance on stage from the wings

People and situations

Stage fright can occur in people of all experiences and backgrounds, from those who are completely new to being in front of an audience to those who have done so for years. It is commonly recognized in the population. Stage fright may, for example, have a negative impact on the individual's performance, such that it affects their confidence during job interviews, presentations, etc. It also affects athletes, teachers, actors, comedians, musicians,[1] and politicians. Many people with no other problems in communication can experience stage fright, but some people with chronic stage fright also have social anxiety or social phobia which are chronic feelings of high anxiety in any social situation. Stage fright can also be seen in school situations, like stand up projects and class speeches.

Effects

When someone starts to feel the sensation of being scared or nervous they start to experience anxiety. According to a Harvard Mental Health Letter, "Anxiety usually has physical symptoms that may include a racing heart, a dry mouth, a shaky voice, blushing, trembling, sweating, lightheadedness, and nausea".[2] It triggers the body to activate its sympathetic nervous system. This process takes place when the body releases adrenaline into the blood stream causing a chain of reactions to occur. This bodily response is known as the "fight or flight" syndrome, a naturally occurring process in the body done to protect itself from harm. "The neck muscles contract, bringing the head down and shoulders up, while the back muscles draw the spine into a concave curve. This, in turn, pushes the pelvis forward and pulls the genitals up, slumping the body into a classic fetal position".[3]

In trying to resist this position, the body will begin to shake in places such as the legs and hands. Several other things happen besides this. Muscles in the body contract, causing them to be tense and ready to attack. Second, "blood vessels in the extremities constrict".[3] This can leave a person with the feeling of cold fingers, toes, nose, and ears. Constricted blood vessels also gives the body extra blood flow to the vital organs.

Treatment

Propranolol is occasionally prescribed off-label to treat performance anxiety.[4] As a beta-blocker drug, Propranolol prevents the adrenaline released from the "fight or flight" bodily response from attaching to the heart, lungs and other parts of the body. This reduces or eliminates the physical symptoms of performance anxiety including increased heart rate (tachycardia), rapid breathing (hyperventilation), dry mouth, trembling, shaky voice, and sweating. Propranolol is not an officially approved treatment for performance anxiety; however, past studies[5] and patient experiences[6] indicate the drug is effective at reducing the physical symptoms. Propranolol does not help with the mental symptoms of anxiety including the emotional feeling of nervousness since the drug does not alter the neurochemistry of the brain unlike typical medications prescribed for other forms of anxiety such as anti-depressants.[7][8][9]

There are also ways to treat performance anxiety without the use of medication. Relaxing the body with deep breaths, mentally preparing oneself, and redirecting one's attention are techniques that may help with minimizing stage fright.[10] Although it is a common assumption that alcohol can be used to calm nerves, other forms of treatment prove to be much better at treating stage fright. Alcohol consumption may actually affect one's performance and lead to lapses in memory and overall absentmindedness.[11]

Famous people

Many well-known public performers have been afflicted with stage fright and were able to overcome their problem, including Al Jolson, Lily Pons, Brian Wilson, Virginia O'Brien, Michael Gambon, Lorde, Jason Alexander, Mose Allison, Maya Angelou, David Brenner, Peter Coyote, Olympia Dukakis, Richard Lewis, Roy Orbison,[12] Barbra Streisand,[13] Adele, David Warner,[14] Niall Horan, Frankie Howerd, Mike Yarwood, Ian Holm,[15] Lady Gaga, Mariah Carey, Frankie Boyle,[16] Peter Gabriel, Donald Fagen, John Lydon, Meg White (which was so extreme that it led to her early retirement from the music industry) and Amanda Seyfried.[17]

In some cases, famous stars have struggled to cope with their anxiety. Hugh Grant said on starring in the 2007 film Music and Lyrics that he "did the whole film full of lorazepam."[18]

Not every performer suffers from stage fright. Ethel Merman said:[19]

What’s there to worry about? I know my lines. … Why should I be nervous on opening night? The people who paid for tickets for a new play, they’re the ones who should be nervous.

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ Guyon, Amélie J. A. A.; R. K. Studer; H. Hildebrandt (August 2020). "Music performance anxiety from the challenge and threat perspective: psychophysiological and performance outcomes" (PDF). BMC Psychology. 8 (87): 87. doi:10.1186/s40359-020-00448-8. PMC 7448432. PMID 32843074.
  2. ^ Beyond Shyness 2003.
  3. ^ a b Cyphert 2005.
  4. ^ Davidson, JR (2006). "Pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder: what does the evidence tell us?". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 67 Suppl 12: 20–6. doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2005.07.002. PMID 17092192.
  5. ^ Elman, M. J.; Sugar, J.; Fiscella, R.; Deutsch, T. A.; Noth, J.; Nyberg, M.; Packo, K.; Anderson, R. J. (1998). "The effect of propranolol versus placebo on resident surgical performance". Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society. 96: 283–291, discussion 291–294. ISSN 0065-9533. PMC 1298399. PMID 10360293.
  6. ^ "Propranolol User Reviews for Performance Anxiety". Drugs.com. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
  7. ^ "What To Know About Using Propranolol for Performance Anxiety". GoodRX Health. 2021-07-16. Retrieved 2022-11-29.
  8. ^ "How quickly does propranolol work for anxiety?". www.medicalnewstoday.com. 2022-09-29. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
  9. ^ McGinn, Daniel (2017-08-04). "Can This Drug Cure Performance Anxiety?". The Atlantic. Retrieved 2022-11-30.
  10. ^ "Conquering Stage Fright | Anxiety and Depression Association of America, ADAA". adaa.org. Retrieved 2022-11-11.
  11. ^ Rapp, Joshua. "Stage Fright | Electrical and Computer Engineering Design Handbook". Retrieved 2022-11-11.
  12. ^ "Roy Orbison | Memphis Music Hall of Fame". memphismusichalloffame.com. Retrieved 2022-06-13.
  13. ^ "I Can't Go On!" by Joan Acocella, The New Yorker, 3 August 2015
  14. ^ 'The Vanishing', interview with David Warner, 'The Guardian', 5 February 2002.
  15. ^ "Ian Holm, star of Lord of the Rings, Alien and Chariots of Fire, dies aged 88". TheGuardian.com. 19 June 2020.
  16. ^ "'For a long time, having to do a stand-up gig would ruin my day'". Scotsman.com. 24 July 2007. Retrieved 5 March 2022.
  17. ^ Berry, Mick (2009). Stage fright 40 stars tell you how they beat America's #1 fear. Tucson: See Sharp Press. ISBN 978-1884365461.
  18. ^ "Hugh Grant scared he will never find love". Daily Mirror. 8 December 2009.
  19. ^ Caryl Flinn in Brass Diva, the Life and Legends of Ether Merman ISBN 978-0-520-22942-6 pp. 205 & 306

Sources

  • "Beyond shyness and stage fright: Social anxiety disorder". Harvard Mental Health Letter. 4 April 2010. Retrieved December 8, 2012.
  • Dale, Cyphert (2005). "Managing Stage Fright". Retrieved 10 December 2012.

Further reading

  • Bryce, Suzanne (15 November 2005). "Beta Blockers as Treatment for Stage Fright". Health Psychology Home Page. Vanderbilt University. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
  • Havas, Kató (1973). Stage Fright – Its Causes and Cures in Violin Playing. London: Bosworth & Co. Ltd. ISBN 9781849380751.
  • Neftel, Klaus A.; Rolf H. Adler; Louis Kappeli; Mario Rosi; Martin Dolder; Hans E. Käser; Heinz H. Bruggesser; Helmut Vorkauf (November 1982). "Stage Fright in Musicians: A Model Illustrating the Effect of Beta Blockers" (PDF). Psychosomatic Medicine. 44 (5): 461–69. doi:10.1097/00006842-198211000-00008. PMID 6129674. S2CID 16157575. Retrieved 11 December 2012.
  • Solovitch, Sara (16 June 2015). Playing Scared: a History and Memoir of Stage Fright. ISBN 978-1620400913.
  • Talbott, Frederick (23 July 2014). Defeating Stage Fright: The Path to Speaking Freedom (Kindle eBook). p. 174.

April 06, 2023
stage, fright, performance, anxiety, redirects, here, other, uses, performance, anxiety, disambiguation, software, vulnerability, stagefright, other, uses, disambiguation, performance, anxiety, anxiety, fear, persistent, phobia, which, aroused, individual, req. Performance anxiety redirects here For other uses see Performance anxiety disambiguation For the software vulnerability see Stagefright bug For other uses see Stage fright disambiguation Stage fright or performance anxiety is the anxiety fear or persistent phobia which may be aroused in an individual by the requirement to perform in front of an audience real or imagined whether actually or potentially for example when performing before a camera Performing in front of an unknown audience can cause significantly more anxiety than performing in front of familiar faces In some cases the person will suffer no such fright from this while they might suffer from not knowing who they re performing to In some cases stage fright may be a part of a larger pattern of social phobia social anxiety disorder but many people experience stage fright without any wider problems Quite often stage fright arises in a mere anticipation of a performance often a long time ahead It has numerous manifestations stuttering tachycardia tremor in the hands and legs sweaty hands facial nerve tics dry mouth and dizziness View of a performance on stage from the wings Contents 1 People and situations 2 Effects 3 Treatment 4 Famous people 5 See also 6 References 7 Further readingPeople and situations EditStage fright can occur in people of all experiences and backgrounds from those who are completely new to being in front of an audience to those who have done so for years It is commonly recognized in the population Stage fright may for example have a negative impact on the individual s performance such that it affects their confidence during job interviews presentations etc It also affects athletes teachers actors comedians musicians 1 and politicians Many people with no other problems in communication can experience stage fright but some people with chronic stage fright also have social anxiety or social phobia which are chronic feelings of high anxiety in any social situation Stage fright can also be seen in school situations like stand up projects and class speeches Effects EditWhen someone starts to feel the sensation of being scared or nervous they start to experience anxiety According to a Harvard Mental Health Letter Anxiety usually has physical symptoms that may include a racing heart a dry mouth a shaky voice blushing trembling sweating lightheadedness and nausea 2 It triggers the body to activate its sympathetic nervous system This process takes place when the body releases adrenaline into the blood stream causing a chain of reactions to occur This bodily response is known as the fight or flight syndrome a naturally occurring process in the body done to protect itself from harm The neck muscles contract bringing the head down and shoulders up while the back muscles draw the spine into a concave curve This in turn pushes the pelvis forward and pulls the genitals up slumping the body into a classic fetal position 3 In trying to resist this position the body will begin to shake in places such as the legs and hands Several other things happen besides this Muscles in the body contract causing them to be tense and ready to attack Second blood vessels in the extremities constrict 3 This can leave a person with the feeling of cold fingers toes nose and ears Constricted blood vessels also gives the body extra blood flow to the vital organs Treatment EditPropranolol is occasionally prescribed off label to treat performance anxiety 4 As a beta blocker drug Propranolol prevents the adrenaline released from the fight or flight bodily response from attaching to the heart lungs and other parts of the body This reduces or eliminates the physical symptoms of performance anxiety including increased heart rate tachycardia rapid breathing hyperventilation dry mouth trembling shaky voice and sweating Propranolol is not an officially approved treatment for performance anxiety however past studies 5 and patient experiences 6 indicate the drug is effective at reducing the physical symptoms Propranolol does not help with the mental symptoms of anxiety including the emotional feeling of nervousness since the drug does not alter the neurochemistry of the brain unlike typical medications prescribed for other forms of anxiety such as anti depressants 7 8 9 There are also ways to treat performance anxiety without the use of medication Relaxing the body with deep breaths mentally preparing oneself and redirecting one s attention are techniques that may help with minimizing stage fright 10 Although it is a common assumption that alcohol can be used to calm nerves other forms of treatment prove to be much better at treating stage fright Alcohol consumption may actually affect one s performance and lead to lapses in memory and overall absentmindedness 11 Famous people EditThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed August 2015 Learn how and when to remove this template message Many well known public performers have been afflicted with stage fright and were able to overcome their problem including Al Jolson Lily Pons Brian Wilson Virginia O Brien Michael Gambon Lorde Jason Alexander Mose Allison Maya Angelou David Brenner Peter Coyote Olympia Dukakis Richard Lewis Roy Orbison 12 Barbra Streisand 13 Adele David Warner 14 Niall Horan Frankie Howerd Mike Yarwood Ian Holm 15 Lady Gaga Mariah Carey Frankie Boyle 16 Peter Gabriel Donald Fagen John Lydon Meg White which was so extreme that it led to her early retirement from the music industry and Amanda Seyfried 17 In some cases famous stars have struggled to cope with their anxiety Hugh Grant said on starring in the 2007 film Music and Lyrics that he did the whole film full of lorazepam 18 Not every performer suffers from stage fright Ethel Merman said 19 What s there to worry about I know my lines Why should I be nervous on opening night The people who paid for tickets for a new play they re the ones who should be nervous See also EditCamera shyness Counterphobic attitude Glossophobia Test anxietyReferences EditNotes Guyon Amelie J A A R K Studer H Hildebrandt August 2020 Music performance anxiety from the challenge and threat perspective psychophysiological and performance outcomes PDF BMC Psychology 8 87 87 doi 10 1186 s40359 020 00448 8 PMC 7448432 PMID 32843074 Beyond Shyness 2003 a b Cyphert 2005 Davidson JR 2006 Pharmacotherapy of social anxiety disorder what does the evidence tell us The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 67 Suppl 12 20 6 doi 10 1016 j genhosppsych 2005 07 002 PMID 17092192 Elman M J Sugar J Fiscella R Deutsch T A Noth J Nyberg M Packo K Anderson R J 1998 The effect of propranolol versus placebo on resident surgical performance Transactions of the American Ophthalmological Society 96 283 291 discussion 291 294 ISSN 0065 9533 PMC 1298399 PMID 10360293 Propranolol User Reviews for Performance Anxiety Drugs com Retrieved 2022 11 30 What To Know About Using Propranolol for Performance Anxiety GoodRX Health 2021 07 16 Retrieved 2022 11 29 How quickly does propranolol work for anxiety www medicalnewstoday com 2022 09 29 Retrieved 2022 11 30 McGinn Daniel 2017 08 04 Can This Drug Cure Performance Anxiety The Atlantic Retrieved 2022 11 30 Conquering Stage Fright Anxiety and Depression Association of America ADAA adaa org Retrieved 2022 11 11 Rapp Joshua Stage Fright Electrical and Computer Engineering Design Handbook Retrieved 2022 11 11 Roy Orbison Memphis Music Hall of Fame memphismusichalloffame com Retrieved 2022 06 13 I Can t Go On by Joan Acocella The New Yorker 3 August 2015 The Vanishing interview with David Warner The Guardian 5 February 2002 Ian Holm star of Lord of the Rings Alien and Chariots of Fire dies aged 88 TheGuardian com 19 June 2020 For a long time having to do a stand up gig would ruin my day Scotsman com 24 July 2007 Retrieved 5 March 2022 Berry Mick 2009 Stage fright 40 stars tell you how they beat America s 1 fear Tucson See Sharp Press ISBN 978 1884365461 Hugh Grant scared he will never find love Daily Mirror 8 December 2009 Caryl Flinn in Brass Diva the Life and Legends of Ether Merman ISBN 978 0 520 22942 6 pp 205 amp 306 Sources Beyond shyness and stage fright Social anxiety disorder Harvard Mental Health Letter 4 April 2010 Retrieved December 8 2012 Dale Cyphert 2005 Managing Stage Fright Retrieved 10 December 2012 Further reading EditBryce Suzanne 15 November 2005 Beta Blockers as Treatment for Stage Fright Health Psychology Home Page Vanderbilt University Retrieved 10 December 2012 Havas Kato 1973 Stage Fright Its Causes and Cures in Violin Playing London Bosworth amp Co Ltd ISBN 9781849380751 Neftel Klaus A Rolf H Adler Louis Kappeli Mario Rosi Martin Dolder Hans E Kaser Heinz H Bruggesser Helmut Vorkauf November 1982 Stage Fright in Musicians A Model Illustrating the Effect of Beta Blockers PDF Psychosomatic Medicine 44 5 461 69 doi 10 1097 00006842 198211000 00008 PMID 6129674 S2CID 16157575 Retrieved 11 December 2012 Solovitch Sara 16 June 2015 Playing Scared a History and Memoir of Stage Fright ISBN 978 1620400913 Talbott Frederick 23 July 2014 Defeating Stage Fright The Path to Speaking Freedom Kindle eBook p 174 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Stage fright amp oldid 1148040163, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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