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Spanish as a second or foreign language

January 07, 2023

The term Spanish as a second or foreign language is the learning or teaching of the Spanish language for those whose first language is not Spanish.

Spanish taught as a second language to a class of native English speakers at an American private school in Massachusetts.

Regional programmes

Argentina

In October 2001, the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology and the Ministry of Foreign Relations, International Commerce and Culture of the Argentine Republic approved the guidelines in order to evaluate the knowledge and use of Spanish as a Second or Foreign Language in Argentina. Known as the 'Resoluciones 919 del MECyT and 3164 MRREECIyC)', it recognised the role of universities in the development of the evaluation.

Meanwhile in 2004, a group of national universities created an inter-university consortium oriented towards the teaching, evaluation and certification of Spanish as a Second or Foreign Language (o ELSE from the Spanish, Español como Lengua Segunda y Extranjera), aiming to contribute to political and educational linguistics.

By June of the same year, three national universities (University of Buenos Aires (UBA), Universidad Litoral (UNL) and the University of Córdoba (UNC)) were working together to design and implement the first official examination to measure competence of Spanish as a foreign language. The exam is called CELU (Certificate of Use of Language in Spanish)) and was approved by Resolution 28 in January 2005.

The Certification of Spanish Language and Use

Main article: Certificate of Use of Language in Spanish

The CELU (Certificate of Use of Language in Spanish) is a certificate of competence in the Spanish language from Argentina. Like the DELE (Diploma de Español como Lengua Extranjera), it also has international validity. The Certificate can be taken by speakers of any language other than Spanish in order to validate their knowledge of Spanish as a second language in their work or study.

In Argentina it is the only examination officially recognised by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Culture. Any speaker who can use Spanish in an effective manner, whose goal is to interact efficiently with the other members of the community can take the CELU, independently of the course or method that was used to learn the language.

Spain

Español como lengua extranjera (ELE) is the term used to refer to various systems used by different learning institutions that teach the Spanish language to speakers of other languages, like the Escuelas Oficiales de Idiomas and the Instituto Cervantes.

Following the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages or the CEFR, these institutions offer examinations that will measure the competence of a learner. There are six exams (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2) which can be taken independently (i.e. it is not necessary to pass A1 to get B2) no matter the method of instruction used by the learners.

Español en Toledo, a Spanish course started by the University of Castile-La Mancha General Foundation, brings students to monuments and historical sites in the city of Toledo, Spain for more experiential learning.

Diplomas de Español como Lengua Extranjera

The "Diplomas de Español como Lengua Extranjera" (Certificates of Spanish as a Foreign Language) is an official diploma granted by the Instituto Cervantes on behalf of the Spanish Ministry of Education to evaluate a person's knowledge of Spanish.

There are six levels of qualification, each corresponding to a certain level described by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages:

  1. Diploma de Español (Nivel A1) (level A1): This qualification attests to sufficient linguistic ability for a very basic range of the most commonly simple expressions used in the Spanish-speaking world and in order to satisfy immediate needs of a concrete type.
  2. Diploma de Español (Nivel A2) (level A2): This qualification attests to sufficient linguistic ability for understanding a basic range of the commonly simple and immediate relevance of expressions used in the Spanish-speaking world (basic personal and family information, shopping, local geography, employment).
  3. Diploma de Español (Nivel B1) (level B1): This qualification attests to sufficient linguistic ability for understanding and responding appropriately in most normal day-to-day situations and for expressing desires and needs in a basic way.
  4. Diploma de Español (Nivel B2) (level B2:This qualification validates sufficient linguistic ability to get by in average day-to-day situations in normal communication circumstances, which do not require specialized use of the language.
  5. Diploma de Español (Nivel C1) (level C1): At this level, users are expected to be able to use the structures of a language with ease and fluency. Users are able to adapt their language use to a variety of social situations, and express opinions and take part in discussions
  6. Diploma de Español (Nivel C2) (level C2): This qualification accredits the necessary linguistic competence to integrate in situations requiring an advanced use of the language and knowledge of the cultural customs embedded within it.

United States

Spanish is taught in schools all over the United States as a second or foreign language. The global number of Spanish-speakers consists of approximately 559 million persons.[1] Objectives for Spanish-language education include preparing students to use the language for speaking, listening, reading and writing and to learn about the varied Spanish-speaking cultures as a context in which the language is used.

Spanish-language education in the United States aims to create global citizens competently able to communicate and collaborate with peoples from other cultures, who may be different from themselves, and thereby able to empathize with others' perspectives and experiences.[2] In order to achieve this type of competency, teachers must obtain proficiency and receive training in language acquisition theory and methodology.

Teacher education requirements

Some requirements of language teachers are the following: demonstrate a high level of proficiency in listening, speaking, reading and writing; obtain a bachelor's degree in the Spanish language, perform a successful practicum in teaching the language with an experienced supervising teacher, and obtain a teaching license in the state in which the teacher will be employed.[3]

 

Teaching methodology

Practices in teaching methods were designed with theories of language and language acquisition,[4] as well as educational trends of the time. Language teachers learn of the varying methodologies and their role in the history of language education and implement them according to instructional need. The following are methodologies that reflect how theories of language acquisition have adapted over time:

  • The Grammar-translation method promoted translating texts between students' first language and the target language, emphasizing reading and writing skills.
  • The Direct method focused on the use of the target language for instruction, avoiding the use of students' native language. Use of realia, pictures, gestures, question/response and dictation were instrumental in the development of oral instruction provided via the direct method.
  • The Audio-lingual method used dialogues to promote students' learning of chunks of language with repetition, imitation and methodological practices and exercises that were to develop listening and speaking skills in a non-spontaneous context.[5]
  • The Silent Way maintained the principle of deductive instruction in which students are provided context from which they deduce how the language is used (grammatical rules) in the samples provided them [6]

Language Standards

The standards taught in world language classes are those set by The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL), which combine "the 5 C's": Communication, Culture, Connections, Comparisons and Community.[7] In addition to the standards, ACTFL also provides proficiency guidelines and performance descriptors to aid teachers and administrators determine students' individual performance and level of language in all four skills: listening, speaking, reading and writing.[8] Established in 1967, ACTFL has provided language educators with tools for instruction and opportunities for professional growth.[9] ACTFL "has set industry standards, established proficiency guidelines, advocated for language education funding, and connected colleagues at the ACTFL Annual Convention".[9]

Resources

There are a vast number of resources online, including both resources dedicated specifically to the study of Spanish as a second language, as well as more general resources, such as Infoling.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ Thompson, Sonia. "The U.S. Has The Second-Largest Population Of Spanish Speakers—How To Equip Your Brand To Serve Them". Forbes. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
  2. ^ "World Languages". education.mn.gov. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
  3. ^ "Foreign Language Teacher Career Guide". October 17, 2022.
  4. ^ Morrison, Sally (October 17, 2022). "Second Language Teaching Methodologies". www.cal.org.
  5. ^ LIU Qing-xue and SHI Jin-fang (October 17, 2022). "An Analysis of Language Teaching Approaches and Methods--Effectiveness and Weakness" (PDF).
  6. ^ Larson-Freeman, Diane; Anderson, Marti (2011). Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching (3rd ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 80.
  7. ^ ""World Readiness Standards for Learning Languages"". actfl.org. October 18, 2022.
  8. ^ ""Resources and Publications"". actfl.org. October 17, 2022.
  9. ^ a b "ACTFLCentral". actfl.org. October 17, 2022.
  10. ^ M. Carmen Losada Aldrey (2005), "Las nuevas tecnologías y la enseñanza-aprendizaje del español lengua extranjera", in Cal, Mario; Núñez, Paloma; Palacios, Ignacio M. (eds.), Nuevas tecnologías en Lingüística, Traducción, y Ensenyanza de lenguas (in Spanish), pp. 181–202

External links

 
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Spanish
 
Wikivoyage has a phrasebook for Spanish.

January 07, 2023
spanish, second, foreign, language, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Spanish as a second or foreign language news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2017 Learn how and when to remove this template message The term Spanish as a second or foreign language is the learning or teaching of the Spanish language for those whose first language is not Spanish Spanish taught as a second language to a class of native English speakers at an American private school in Massachusetts Contents 1 Regional programmes 1 1 Argentina 1 1 1 The Certification of Spanish Language and Use 1 2 Spain 1 2 1 Diplomas de Espanol como Lengua Extranjera 1 3 United States 1 3 1 Teacher education requirements 1 3 2 Teaching methodology 1 3 3 Language Standards 2 Resources 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksRegional programmes EditArgentina Edit In October 2001 the Ministry of Education Science and Technology and the Ministry of Foreign Relations International Commerce and Culture of the Argentine Republic approved the guidelines in order to evaluate the knowledge and use of Spanish as a Second or Foreign Language in Argentina Known as the Resoluciones 919 del MECyT and 3164 MRREECIyC it recognised the role of universities in the development of the evaluation Meanwhile in 2004 a group of national universities created an inter university consortium oriented towards the teaching evaluation and certification of Spanish as a Second or Foreign Language o ELSE from the Spanish Espanol como Lengua Segunda y Extranjera aiming to contribute to political and educational linguistics By June of the same year three national universities University of Buenos Aires UBA Universidad Litoral UNL and the University of Cordoba UNC were working together to design and implement the first official examination to measure competence of Spanish as a foreign language The exam is called CELU Certificate of Use of Language in Spanish and was approved by Resolution 28 in January 2005 The Certification of Spanish Language and Use Edit Main article Certificate of Use of Language in Spanish The CELU Certificate of Use of Language in Spanish is a certificate of competence in the Spanish language from Argentina Like the DELE Diploma de Espanol como Lengua Extranjera it also has international validity The Certificate can be taken by speakers of any language other than Spanish in order to validate their knowledge of Spanish as a second language in their work or study In Argentina it is the only examination officially recognised by the Ministry of Education and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Culture Any speaker who can use Spanish in an effective manner whose goal is to interact efficiently with the other members of the community can take the CELU independently of the course or method that was used to learn the language Spain Edit Espanol como lengua extranjera ELE is the term used to refer to various systems used by different learning institutions that teach the Spanish language to speakers of other languages like the Escuelas Oficiales de Idiomas and the Instituto Cervantes Following the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages or the CEFR these institutions offer examinations that will measure the competence of a learner There are six exams A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 and C2 which can be taken independently i e it is not necessary to pass A1 to get B2 no matter the method of instruction used by the learners Espanol en Toledo a Spanish course started by the University of Castile La Mancha General Foundation brings students to monuments and historical sites in the city of Toledo Spain for more experiential learning Diplomas de Espanol como Lengua Extranjera Edit The Diplomas de Espanol como Lengua Extranjera Certificates of Spanish as a Foreign Language is an official diploma granted by the Instituto Cervantes on behalf of the Spanish Ministry of Education to evaluate a person s knowledge of Spanish There are six levels of qualification each corresponding to a certain level described by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages Diploma de Espanol Nivel A1 level A1 This qualification attests to sufficient linguistic ability for a very basic range of the most commonly simple expressions used in the Spanish speaking world and in order to satisfy immediate needs of a concrete type Diploma de Espanol Nivel A2 level A2 This qualification attests to sufficient linguistic ability for understanding a basic range of the commonly simple and immediate relevance of expressions used in the Spanish speaking world basic personal and family information shopping local geography employment Diploma de Espanol Nivel B1 level B1 This qualification attests to sufficient linguistic ability for understanding and responding appropriately in most normal day to day situations and for expressing desires and needs in a basic way Diploma de Espanol Nivel B2 level B2 This qualification validates sufficient linguistic ability to get by in average day to day situations in normal communication circumstances which do not require specialized use of the language Diploma de Espanol Nivel C1 level C1 At this level users are expected to be able to use the structures of a language with ease and fluency Users are able to adapt their language use to a variety of social situations and express opinions and take part in discussions Diploma de Espanol Nivel C2 level C2 This qualification accredits the necessary linguistic competence to integrate in situations requiring an advanced use of the language and knowledge of the cultural customs embedded within it United States Edit Spanish is taught in schools all over the United States as a second or foreign language The global number of Spanish speakers consists of approximately 559 million persons 1 Objectives for Spanish language education include preparing students to use the language for speaking listening reading and writing and to learn about the varied Spanish speaking cultures as a context in which the language is used Spanish language education in the United States aims to create global citizens competently able to communicate and collaborate with peoples from other cultures who may be different from themselves and thereby able to empathize with others perspectives and experiences 2 In order to achieve this type of competency teachers must obtain proficiency and receive training in language acquisition theory and methodology Teacher education requirements Edit Some requirements of language teachers are the following demonstrate a high level of proficiency in listening speaking reading and writing obtain a bachelor s degree in the Spanish language perform a successful practicum in teaching the language with an experienced supervising teacher and obtain a teaching license in the state in which the teacher will be employed 3 Teaching methodology Edit Practices in teaching methods were designed with theories of language and language acquisition 4 as well as educational trends of the time Language teachers learn of the varying methodologies and their role in the history of language education and implement them according to instructional need The following are methodologies that reflect how theories of language acquisition have adapted over time The Grammar translation method promoted translating texts between students first language and the target language emphasizing reading and writing skills The Direct method focused on the use of the target language for instruction avoiding the use of students native language Use of realia pictures gestures question response and dictation were instrumental in the development of oral instruction provided via the direct method The Audio lingual method used dialogues to promote students learning of chunks of language with repetition imitation and methodological practices and exercises that were to develop listening and speaking skills in a non spontaneous context 5 The Silent Way maintained the principle of deductive instruction in which students are provided context from which they deduce how the language is used grammatical rules in the samples provided them 6 Language Standards Edit The standards taught in world language classes are those set by The American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages ACTFL which combine the 5 C s Communication Culture Connections Comparisons and Community 7 In addition to the standards ACTFL also provides proficiency guidelines and performance descriptors to aid teachers and administrators determine students individual performance and level of language in all four skills listening speaking reading and writing 8 Established in 1967 ACTFL has provided language educators with tools for instruction and opportunities for professional growth 9 ACTFL has set industry standards established proficiency guidelines advocated for language education funding and connected colleagues at the ACTFL Annual Convention 9 Resources EditThere are a vast number of resources online including both resources dedicated specifically to the study of Spanish as a second language as well as more general resources such as Infoling 10 See also Edit Language portalEnglish as a second or foreign language Language education List of countries where Spanish is an official language List of English Spanish interlingual homographs Most common words in Spanish Second language acquisition Spanish Champs Spanish education curriculumReferences Edit Thompson Sonia The U S Has The Second Largest Population Of Spanish Speakers How To Equip Your Brand To Serve Them Forbes Retrieved 2022 10 08 World Languages education mn gov Retrieved 2022 10 08 Foreign Language Teacher Career Guide October 17 2022 Morrison Sally October 17 2022 Second Language Teaching Methodologies www cal org LIU Qing xue and SHI Jin fang October 17 2022 An Analysis of Language Teaching Approaches and Methods Effectiveness and Weakness PDF Larson Freeman Diane Anderson Marti 2011 Techniques and Principles in Language Teaching 3rd ed Oxford University Press p 80 World Readiness Standards for Learning Languages actfl org October 18 2022 Resources and Publications actfl org October 17 2022 a b ACTFLCentral actfl org October 17 2022 M Carmen Losada Aldrey 2005 Las nuevas tecnologias y la ensenanza aprendizaje del espanol lengua extranjera in Cal Mario Nunez Paloma Palacios Ignacio M eds Nuevas tecnologias en Linguistica Traduccion y Ensenyanza de lenguas in Spanish pp 181 202External links Edit Wikibooks has a book on the topic of Spanish Wikivoyage has a phrasebook for Spanish Spanish language at BBC Online Spanish as a second or foreign language at Curlie Espanol para extranjeros at the University of Buenos Aires in Spanish How Best to Learn Spanish as an Adult Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Spanish as a second or foreign language amp oldid 1130573598, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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