The Mir crew welcomed aboard Anatoli Artsebarski, Sergei Krikalev (on his second visit to the station), and British cosmonaut-researcher Helen Sharman, who was aboard as part of Project Juno, a cooperative venture partly sponsored by British private enterprise. Sharman's experimental program, which was designed by the Soviets, leaned heavily toward life sciences, her speciality being chemistry. A bag of 250,000 pansy seeds was placed in the Kvant-2 EVA airlock, a compartment not as protected from cosmic radiation as other Mir compartments. Sharman also contacted nine British schools by radio and conducted high-temperature superconductor experiments with the Elektropograph-7K device. Sharman commented that she had difficulty finding equipment on Mir as there was a great deal more equipment than in the trainer in the cosmonaut city of Zvezdny Gorodok. Krikalev commented that, while Mir had more modules than it had the first time he lived on board, it did not seem less crowded, as it contained more equipment. Krikalev also noted that some of the materials making up the station's exterior had faded and lost color, but that this had no impact on the station's operation.
The spacecraft spent 144 days docked to Mir. While it was in orbit, the failed coup d'état against Mikhail Gorbachev in August 1991 rocked the Soviet Union, setting in motion events which led to the end of the Soviet Union on 26 December.
In popular cultureedit
Out of the Present, a 1995 film documentary focused on cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev's stay on Mir, features the arrival of Soyuz TM-12.
soyuz, 12th, expedition, included, first, briton, space, helen, sharman, cospar, id1991, 034asatcat, 21311mission, duration144, days, hours, minutes, secondsorbits, completed, 260spacecraft, propertiesspacecraftsoyuz, 62spacecraft, typesoyuz, tmmanufacturernpo. Soyuz TM 12 was the 12th expedition to Mir and included the first Briton in space 1 Helen Sharman Soyuz TM 12COSPAR ID1991 034ASATCAT no 21311Mission duration144 days 15 hours 21 minutes 50 secondsOrbits completed 2 260Spacecraft propertiesSpacecraftSoyuz 7K STM No 62Spacecraft typeSoyuz TMManufacturerNPO EnergiaLaunch mass7 160 kilograms 15 790 lb CrewCrew size3MembersAnatoly ArtsebarskyLaunchingSergei KrikalevHelen SharmanLandingToktar AubakirovFranz ViehbockCallsignOzo n Ozone Start of missionLaunch date18 May 1991 12 50 28 1991 05 18UTC12 50 28Z UTCRocketSoyuz U2End of missionLanding date10 October 1991 04 12 18 1991 10 10UTC04 12 19Z UTCLanding site61 kilometres 38 mi SW of ArkalykOrbital parametersReference systemGeocentricRegimeLow EarthPerigee altitude389 kilometres 242 mi Apogee altitude397 kilometres 247 mi Inclination51 6 degreesPeriod92 4 minutesDocking with MirDocking date20 May 1991 14 30 43 UTCUndocking date9 October 1991 20 55 08 UTCSoyuz programme Crewed missions Soyuz TM 11Soyuz TM 13 Contents 1 Crew 2 Mission highlights 3 In popular culture 4 ReferencesCrew editPosition Launching crew Landing crewCommander nbsp Anatoly ArtsebarskyOnly spaceflightFlight Engineer nbsp nbsp Sergei KrikalevSecond spaceflight nbsp Toktar AubakirovOnly spaceflightResearch Cosmonaut nbsp Helen SharmanOnly spaceflight Project Juno nbsp Franz ViehbockOnly spaceflightMission highlights editThe Mir crew welcomed aboard Anatoli Artsebarski Sergei Krikalev on his second visit to the station and British cosmonaut researcher Helen Sharman who was aboard as part of Project Juno a cooperative venture partly sponsored by British private enterprise Sharman s experimental program which was designed by the Soviets leaned heavily toward life sciences her speciality being chemistry A bag of 250 000 pansy seeds was placed in the Kvant 2 EVA airlock a compartment not as protected from cosmic radiation as other Mir compartments Sharman also contacted nine British schools by radio and conducted high temperature superconductor experiments with the Elektropograph 7K device Sharman commented that she had difficulty finding equipment on Mir as there was a great deal more equipment than in the trainer in the cosmonaut city of Zvezdny Gorodok Krikalev commented that while Mir had more modules than it had the first time he lived on board it did not seem less crowded as it contained more equipment Krikalev also noted that some of the materials making up the station s exterior had faded and lost color but that this had no impact on the station s operation The spacecraft spent 144 days docked to Mir While it was in orbit the failed coup d etat against Mikhail Gorbachev in August 1991 rocked the Soviet Union setting in motion events which led to the end of the Soviet Union on 26 December In popular culture editOut of the Present a 1995 film documentary focused on cosmonaut Sergei Krikalev s stay on Mir features the arrival of Soyuz TM 12 References edit The mission report is available here http www spacefacts de mission english soyuz tm12 htm nbsp Spaceflight portal Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Soyuz TM 12 amp oldid 1187332009, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
