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Soviet cruiser Sverdlov

May 04, 2024

Sverdlov was the lead ship of the Sverdlov-class cruisers of the Soviet Navy. The ship was constructed at the Baltic Shipyard in Leningrad, Soviet Union and was launched on 5 July 1950. The cruiser was commissioned on 15 May 1952. The lead ship of the last class of gun cruisers of the Soviet Navy, Sverdlov spent most of her career making ceremonial port visits to allied and non-allied nations. From 1966 to 1972, the vessel was laid up out of service, only operating again before being laid up again in 1977. In 1989 the ship was disarmed and sold for scrap to an Indian company and broken up in 1993.

Sverdlov underway in 1974
History
Soviet Union
Name
  • Sverdlov
  • (Свердлов)
NamesakeYakov Sverdlov
Ordered3 December 1947
BuilderBaltic Shipyard, Leningrad
Yard number408
Laid down15 October 1949
Launched5 July 1950
Commissioned15 May 1952
Recommissioned11 February 1972
Decommissioned14 February 1978
Stricken31 October 1989
IdentificationSee Pennant numbers
FateScrapped, 1993
General characteristics
Class and typeSverdlov-class cruiser
Displacement
  • 13,600 tonnes (13,385 long tons) standard
  • 16,640 tonnes (16,377 long tons) full load
Length
  • 210 m (689 ft 0 in) overall
  • 205 m (672 ft 7 in) waterline
Beam22 m (72 ft 2 in)
Draught6.9 m (22 ft 8 in)
Propulsion
Speed32.5 knots (60.2 km/h; 37.4 mph)
Range9,000 nmi (17,000 km; 10,000 mi) at 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph)
Complement1,250
Armament
  • 4 × triple 15.2 cm (6.0 in)/57 cal B-38 guns in Mk5-bis turrets
  • 6 × twin 10 cm (3.9 in)/56 cal Model 1934 guns in SM-5-1 mounts
  • 16 × twin 3.7 cm (1.5 in) AA guns in V-11M mounts
  • 2 × quintuple 533 mm (21.0 in) torpedo tubes in PTA-53-68-bis mounts
Armour
  • Belt: 100 mm (3.9 in)
  • Conning tower: 150 mm (5.9 in)
  • Deck: 50 mm (2.0 in)
  • Turrets: 175 mm (6.9 in) front, 65 mm (2.6 in) sides, 60 mm (2.4 in) rear, 75 mm (3.0 in) roof
  • Barbettes: 130 mm (5.1 in)
  • Bulkheads: 100–120 mm (3.9–4.7 in)

Development and design edit

Main article: Sverdlov-class cruiser

The Sverdlov-class cruisers, Soviet designation Project 68bis, were the last conventional gun cruisers built for the Soviet Navy. They were built in the 1950s and were based on Soviet, German, and Italian designs and concepts developed prior to the Second World War. They were modified to improve their sea keeping capabilities, allowing them to run at high speed in the rough waters of the North Atlantic. The basic hull was more modern and had better armor protection than the vast majority of the post Second World War gun cruiser designs built and deployed by peer nations. They also carried an extensive suite of modern radar equipment and anti-aircraft artillery. The Soviets originally planned to build 40 ships in the class, which would be supported by the Stalingrad-class battlecruisers and aircraft carriers.

The Sverdlov class displaced 13,600 tons standard and 16,640 tons at full load. They were 210 metres (689 ft 0 in) long overall and 205 metres (672 ft 7 in) long at the waterline. They had a beam of 22 metres (72 ft 2 in) and draught of 6.9 metres (22 ft 8 in) and typically had a complement of 1,250. The hull was a completely welded new design and the ships had a double bottom for over 75% of their length. The ship also had twenty-three watertight bulkheads. The Sverdlovs had six boilers providing steam to two shaft geared steam turbines generating 118,100 shaft horsepower (88,100 kW). This gave the ships a maximum speed of 32.5 knots (60.2 km/h; 37.4 mph). The cruisers had a range of 9,000 nautical miles (17,000 km; 10,000 mi) at 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph).[1]

Sverdlov-class cruisers main armament included twelve 152 mm (6 in)/57 cal B-38 guns mounted in four triple Mk5-bis turrets. They also had twelve 100 mm (3.9 in)/56 cal Model 1934 guns in six twin SM-5-1 mounts. For anti-aircraft weaponry, the cruisers had thirty-two 37 mm (1.5 in) anti-aircraft guns in sixteen twin mounts and were also equipped with ten 533 mm (21 in) torpedo tubes in two mountings of five each.[1]

The Sverdlovs had  100 mm (3.9 in) belt armor and had a  50 mm (2.0 in) armored deck. The turrets were shielded by 175 mm (6.9 in) armor and the conning tower, by 150 mm (5.9 in) armor.[1]

The cruisers' ultimate radar suite included one 'Big Net' or 'Top Trough' air search radar, one 'High Sieve' or 'Low Sieve' air search radar, one 'Knife Rest' air search radar and one 'Slim Net' air search radar. For navigational radar they had one 'Don-2' or 'Neptune' model. For fire control purposes the ships were equipped with two 'Sun Visor' radars, two 'Top Bow' 152 mm gun radars and eight 'Egg Cup' gun radars. For electronic countermeasures the ships were equipped with two 'Watch Dog' ECM systems.[1]

Construction and career edit

Sverdlov was laid down on 15 October 1949 at Baltic Shipyard, Leningrad and launched on 5 July 1950. The vessel was commissioned on 15 May 1952. On 31 August 1952, Sverdlov entered the 4th Navy. From 7 to 18 June 1953, she visited to Portsmouth, United Kingdom for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II. From 12 to 17 October 1955, Sverdlov visited Portsmouth again for the second time. On 24 December 1955, the vessel transferred to the DKBF. From 20 to 25 July 1956, she visited Rotterdam, Netherlands.

From 24 December 1960 to 14 July 1961 and 12 February to 29 April 1966, the ship underwent a major overhaul in Leningrad after being decommissioned from the Navy, mothballed and laid up.

Sverdlov was reactivated and put into operation on 11 February 1972. From 5 to 9 October 1973, she visited to Gdynia, Poland. On 16 to 22 April 1974, the cruiser visited Algeria and from 21 to 26 June 1974, the ship stopped at Cherbourg, France. From 27 June to 1 July 1975, she visited Gdynia. From 5 to 9 October 1976, the ship visited Rostock, East Germany, followed by a visit to Bordeaux, France, from 21 to 26 June 1976.

On 7 February 1977, Sverdlov was laid up for overhaul again. On 14 February 1978, she was mothballed and docked in Liepāja for long-term storage. On 30 May 1989, the cruiser was disarmed and decommissioned from the Soviet Navy. The vessel was stricken on 31 October 1989. In 1990 Sverdlov was towed to Kronshtadt. In early 1991 the vessel was sold to an Indian company for scrap, and in October 1993 towed to India and scrapped.[2]

Pennant numbers edit

Date Pennant number[3]
1954 41
1955 82
1957 22
1958 51
1959 300
1962 252
1965 102
174
1969 884
1974 851
1974 866
1975 891
1976 861
1976 881
1981 074
100
1989 161

Gallery edit

  •  
    Sverdlov underway with a Tupolev Tu-95 above, date unknown.
  •  
    HSwMS Göta Lejon and Sverdlov in 1953.
  •  
    Sverdlov underway in 1953.
  •  
    Sverdlov at Hook of Holland on 20 July 1956.
  •  
    Sverdlov at Hook of Holland on 20 July 1956.
  •  
    Sverdlov at Hook of Holland on 20 July 1956.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Gardiner and Chumbley, p. 378
  2. ^ V., Zablotsky (2008). Cold War cruisers. Yauza. p. 224. ISBN 978-5-699-26175-8.
  3. ^ "Light Cruisers - Project 68bis". russianships.info. Retrieved 14 August 2021.

External links edit

  • Photo gallery

May 04, 2024
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Sverdlov was the lead ship of the Sverdlov class cruisers of the Soviet Navy The ship was constructed at the Baltic Shipyard in Leningrad Soviet Union and was launched on 5 July 1950 The cruiser was commissioned on 15 May 1952 The lead ship of the last class of gun cruisers of the Soviet Navy Sverdlov spent most of her career making ceremonial port visits to allied and non allied nations From 1966 to 1972 the vessel was laid up out of service only operating again before being laid up again in 1977 In 1989 the ship was disarmed and sold for scrap to an Indian company and broken up in 1993 Sverdlov underway in 1974History Soviet Union NameSverdlov Sverdlov NamesakeYakov Sverdlov Ordered3 December 1947 BuilderBaltic Shipyard Leningrad Yard number408 Laid down15 October 1949 Launched5 July 1950 Commissioned15 May 1952 Recommissioned11 February 1972 Decommissioned14 February 1978 Stricken31 October 1989 IdentificationSee Pennant numbers FateScrapped 1993 General characteristics Class and typeSverdlov class cruiser Displacement13 600 tonnes 13 385 long tons standard 16 640 tonnes 16 377 long tons full load Length210 m 689 ft 0 in overall 205 m 672 ft 7 in waterline Beam22 m 72 ft 2 in Draught6 9 m 22 ft 8 in Propulsion2 shaft geared steam turbines 6 boilers 110 000 hp 82 000 kW Speed32 5 knots 60 2 km h 37 4 mph Range9 000 nmi 17 000 km 10 000 mi at 18 knots 33 km h 21 mph Complement1 250 Armament4 triple 15 2 cm 6 0 in 57 cal B 38 guns in Mk5 bis turrets 6 twin 10 cm 3 9 in 56 cal Model 1934 guns in SM 5 1 mounts 16 twin 3 7 cm 1 5 in AA guns in V 11M mounts 2 quintuple 533 mm 21 0 in torpedo tubes in PTA 53 68 bis mounts ArmourBelt 100 mm 3 9 in Conning tower 150 mm 5 9 in Deck 50 mm 2 0 in Turrets 175 mm 6 9 in front 65 mm 2 6 in sides 60 mm 2 4 in rear 75 mm 3 0 in roof Barbettes 130 mm 5 1 in Bulkheads 100 120 mm 3 9 4 7 in Contents 1 Development and design 2 Construction and career 2 1 Pennant numbers 3 Gallery 4 References 5 External linksDevelopment and design editMain article Sverdlov class cruiser The Sverdlov class cruisers Soviet designation Project 68bis were the last conventional gun cruisers built for the Soviet Navy They were built in the 1950s and were based on Soviet German and Italian designs and concepts developed prior to the Second World War They were modified to improve their sea keeping capabilities allowing them to run at high speed in the rough waters of the North Atlantic The basic hull was more modern and had better armor protection than the vast majority of the post Second World War gun cruiser designs built and deployed by peer nations They also carried an extensive suite of modern radar equipment and anti aircraft artillery The Soviets originally planned to build 40 ships in the class which would be supported by the Stalingrad class battlecruisers and aircraft carriers The Sverdlov class displaced 13 600 tons standard and 16 640 tons at full load They were 210 metres 689 ft 0 in long overall and 205 metres 672 ft 7 in long at the waterline They had a beam of 22 metres 72 ft 2 in and draught of 6 9 metres 22 ft 8 in and typically had a complement of 1 250 The hull was a completely welded new design and the ships had a double bottom for over 75 of their length The ship also had twenty three watertight bulkheads The Sverdlovs had six boilers providing steam to two shaft geared steam turbines generating 118 100 shaft horsepower 88 100 kW This gave the ships a maximum speed of 32 5 knots 60 2 km h 37 4 mph The cruisers had a range of 9 000 nautical miles 17 000 km 10 000 mi at 18 knots 33 km h 21 mph 1 Sverdlov class cruisers main armament included twelve 152 mm 6 in 57 cal B 38 guns mounted in four triple Mk5 bis turrets They also had twelve 100 mm 3 9 in 56 cal Model 1934 guns in six twin SM 5 1 mounts For anti aircraft weaponry the cruisers had thirty two 37 mm 1 5 in anti aircraft guns in sixteen twin mounts and were also equipped with ten 533 mm 21 in torpedo tubes in two mountings of five each 1 The Sverdlovs had 100 mm 3 9 in belt armor and had a 50 mm 2 0 in armored deck The turrets were shielded by 175 mm 6 9 in armor and the conning tower by 150 mm 5 9 in armor 1 The cruisers ultimate radar suite included one Big Net or Top Trough air search radar one High Sieve or Low Sieve air search radar one Knife Rest air search radar and one Slim Net air search radar For navigational radar they had one Don 2 or Neptune model For fire control purposes the ships were equipped with two Sun Visor radars two Top Bow 152 mm gun radars and eight Egg Cup gun radars For electronic countermeasures the ships were equipped with two Watch Dog ECM systems 1 Construction and career editSverdlov was laid down on 15 October 1949 at Baltic Shipyard Leningrad and launched on 5 July 1950 The vessel was commissioned on 15 May 1952 On 31 August 1952 Sverdlov entered the 4th Navy From 7 to 18 June 1953 she visited to Portsmouth United Kingdom for the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II From 12 to 17 October 1955 Sverdlov visited Portsmouth again for the second time On 24 December 1955 the vessel transferred to the DKBF From 20 to 25 July 1956 she visited Rotterdam Netherlands From 24 December 1960 to 14 July 1961 and 12 February to 29 April 1966 the ship underwent a major overhaul in Leningrad after being decommissioned from the Navy mothballed and laid up Sverdlov was reactivated and put into operation on 11 February 1972 From 5 to 9 October 1973 she visited to Gdynia Poland On 16 to 22 April 1974 the cruiser visited Algeria and from 21 to 26 June 1974 the ship stopped at Cherbourg France From 27 June to 1 July 1975 she visited Gdynia From 5 to 9 October 1976 the ship visited Rostock East Germany followed by a visit to Bordeaux France from 21 to 26 June 1976 On 7 February 1977 Sverdlov was laid up for overhaul again On 14 February 1978 she was mothballed and docked in Liepaja for long term storage On 30 May 1989 the cruiser was disarmed and decommissioned from the Soviet Navy The vessel was stricken on 31 October 1989 In 1990 Sverdlov was towed to Kronshtadt In early 1991 the vessel was sold to an Indian company for scrap and in October 1993 towed to India and scrapped 2 Pennant numbers edit Date Pennant number 3 1954 41 1955 82 1957 22 1958 51 1959 300 1962 252 1965 102 174 1969 884 1974 851 1974 866 1975 891 1976 861 1976 881 1981 074 100 1989 161Gallery edit nbsp Sverdlov underway with a Tupolev Tu 95 above date unknown nbsp HSwMS Gota Lejon and Sverdlov in 1953 nbsp Sverdlov underway in 1953 nbsp Sverdlov at Hook of Holland on 20 July 1956 nbsp Sverdlov at Hook of Holland on 20 July 1956 nbsp Sverdlov at Hook of Holland on 20 July 1956 References edit a b c d Gardiner and Chumbley p 378 V Zablotsky 2008 Cold War cruisers Yauza p 224 ISBN 978 5 699 26175 8 Light Cruisers Project 68bis russianships info Retrieved 14 August 2021 External links editPhoto gallery Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Soviet cruiser Sverdlov amp oldid 1137426434, 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