Somatotropes (from the Greek sōmat meaning "body" and tropikós meaning "of or pertaining to a turn or change") are cells in the anterior pituitary that produce growth hormone.
When levels of somatotropin are low in the body, a physician may prescribe human growth hormone as a drug.
Deficiency in somatotrope secretion before puberty or before the end of new bone tissue growth, can lead to pituitary dwarfism. When growth hormone is deficient, blood sugar is low because insulin is not opposed by normal amount of growth hormone.
Hormone excessedit
If there is an excess of growth hormone, it is usually because of over-secretion of somatotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland. A significant amount of excess somatotrope secretion before puberty or before the end of new bone tissue growth can lead to gigantism, a disease that causes excess growth of body (e.g. being over 7 ft. tall) and unusually long limbs. An excess of secretion of growth hormone after puberty can lead to acromegaly. This is a disease that causes abnormal growth in the hands, head, jaw, and tongue. Some symptoms associated with acromegaly include heavy sweating, oily skin, improper processing of sugars in the diet (diabetes), high blood pressure, increased calcium in urine and swelling of the thyroid gland and arthritis.
Other animalsedit
Bovine somatotropin occurs in the pituitary of cattle and differs in structure from human pituitary growth hormone and is biologically inactive in the human being. Bovine somatotropin aids in regulating the amount of milk produced. Recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST) is a hormone that is injected in cows that increases milk production.
^Hall, John E. (2021). Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. Michael E. Hall (14th ed.). Philadelphia, PA. ISBN978-0-323-59712-8. OCLC 1129099861.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
January 01, 1970
somatotropic, cell, somatotropes, from, greek, sōmat, meaning, body, tropikós, meaning, pertaining, turn, change, cells, anterior, pituitary, that, produce, growth, hormone, detailslocationanterior, pituitaryfunctiongrowth, hormone, productionidentifiersmeshd0. Somatotropes from the Greek sōmat meaning body and tropikos meaning of or pertaining to a turn or change are cells in the anterior pituitary that produce growth hormone Somatotropic cellDetailsLocationAnterior pituitaryFunctionGrowth hormone productionIdentifiersMeSHD052683THH3 08 02 2 00021FMA83095Anatomical terms of microanatomy edit on Wikidata Contents 1 Structure 2 Clinical significance 2 1 Hormone deficiency 2 2 Hormone excess 3 Other animals 4 See also 5 ReferencesStructure editSomatotropic cells constitute about 30 40 of anterior pituitary cells 1 930 They release growth hormone GH in response to Growth hormone releasing hormone GHRH or somatocrinin or are inhibited by GHIH somatostatin both received from the hypothalamus via the hypophyseal portal system vein and the secondary plexus Clinical significance editHormone deficiency edit Further information Growth hormone treatment When levels of somatotropin are low in the body a physician may prescribe human growth hormone as a drug Deficiency in somatotrope secretion before puberty or before the end of new bone tissue growth can lead to pituitary dwarfism When growth hormone is deficient blood sugar is low because insulin is not opposed by normal amount of growth hormone Hormone excess edit If there is an excess of growth hormone it is usually because of over secretion of somatotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland A significant amount of excess somatotrope secretion before puberty or before the end of new bone tissue growth can lead to gigantism a disease that causes excess growth of body e g being over 7 ft tall and unusually long limbs An excess of secretion of growth hormone after puberty can lead to acromegaly This is a disease that causes abnormal growth in the hands head jaw and tongue Some symptoms associated with acromegaly include heavy sweating oily skin improper processing of sugars in the diet diabetes high blood pressure increased calcium in urine and swelling of the thyroid gland and arthritis Other animals editBovine somatotropin occurs in the pituitary of cattle and differs in structure from human pituitary growth hormone and is biologically inactive in the human being Bovine somatotropin aids in regulating the amount of milk produced Recombinant bovine somatotropin rBST is a hormone that is injected in cows that increases milk production See also editHypothalamic pituitary somatic axis List of human cell types derived from the germ layers List of distinct cell types in the adult human bodyReferences edit Hall John E 2021 Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology Michael E Hall 14th ed Philadelphia PA ISBN 978 0 323 59712 8 OCLC 1129099861 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Somatotropic cell amp oldid 1165929353, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
