He was born in Chur, on 14 December 1697, the son of Johann Andreas, Landmann, and his wife Maria Terz. He descended from the Davos line of the noble Sprecher von Bernegg family.[1] He married twice: to Dorothea Maria Sprecher von Bernegg, daughter of Johann, a fellow lieutenant in Spanish service, and in 1738, to Elisabeth Ursula Buol, daughter of Stephan Buol.[3]
Education and early military serviceedit
He attended the Gymnasium in Halle and in 1717 entered into Spanish military service. In 1728 he was appointed as the Military commissioner in Lombardy. In 1736 he entered the Regiment von Schauenstein, and, in 1743, he received command of his own regiment in the service of Maria Theresa. After the Siege of Genoa, he was sent to Como, where he commanded the garrison from 1751 to 1757.[3][4][5] In 1754 he was appointed lieutenant field marshal. In the Seven Years' War, Sprecher distinguished himself during the Siege of Prague, by leading an assault on the Prussian line[6] whereupon he was appointed general of the artillery in 1757.[3]
Breslau was heavily fortified when Sprecher commanded it during the 1757 siege.
Prior to the Battle of Rossbach, Sprecher commanded a small force of grenadiers near Schoenau, part of the game of cat and mouse that the Austrians, French, and Prussians played prior to the battle.[7] Prior to the Battle of Schweidnitz, Sprecher commanded the Austrian right wing; in consequence of an artillery dual, the Duke of Bevern moved his forces away from the Austrians, abandoning about 200,000 rations in the process.[8] At the Battle of Breslau, Specher led the first wave across the Gross Moecherbern bridge, including some infantry units, 35 full companies of grenadiers, mounted grenadiers. At about 1:30 pm, Sprecher had pushed out the battalions of Caspar Ernst von Schultze's battalion; Schultze himself was wounded (and died later); the Austrian attack also pushed out the Prussians holding the great battery. Eventually, once the Prussian garrison at Breslau was isolated, they were offered, and accepted, the opportunity to withdraw.[9]
Subsequently, Sprecher commanded the Austrian garrison at Breslau in 1757. Shortly after the Battle of Leuthen, the garrison was augmented with Austrian troops, and subsequently besieged by Frederick the Great and his army on 7 December 1757. After approximately two weeks of bombardment, resulting in enormous hardship on the Allied troops within,[10] the garrison surrendered to the Prussians.[11] A court assembled to consider the terms of his capitulation ended with complete exoneration for his actions, and the Empress promoted him to field marshal. On the way to take command of the Austrian army corps destined to fight in Saxony, he became ill on his way to Prague, and died in Aussig.[3]
His name is sometimes spelled Salmon or Saloman. Some sources misidentify the commander of Breslau as Johann Andreas Sprecher von Bernegg (1702–1765),[2] but this was his younger brother.[12]
Sourcesedit
Citationsedit
^ abHans Jacob Leu, Allgemeines Helvetisches, Eydgenößisches, Oder Schweitzerisches ..., Volume 5, Hans Ulrich Denzler, 1751, p.357.
^ abSprecher, Daniel, "Sprecher", Neue Deutsche Biographie 24 (2010), S. 745–746.
^ abcdKurt Wanner, Salomon von Sprecher, Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz,10 January 2013 version.
^Andreas Behr, Diplomatie als Familiengeschäft: Die Casati als spanisch-mailändische Gesandte in Luzern und Chur (1660–1700), Chronos Verlag, 2016, p. 164.
^Neue genealogisch-historische Nachrichten von den vornehmsten ..., Volume 10 Heinsius, 1759, pp. 468–470.
^Herbert J. Redman, Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' War, 1756–1763, McFarland, 2014, p. 70.
^Salomon Sprecher von Bernegg, Diarium der Belagerung von Breslau; und Capitulations-Puncte von der Übergabe an Se. Königl. Majestät in Preussen: Nebst einem Verzeichniß mit Nahmen, derer Generals, Staabs-Officiers und andern Officiers, dann vom Feldwebel an summariter derer Kayserl. Königl. Trouppen, so den 21ten December ...; 21 Dec 1757. pp. 5–14. Berlin, 1758.
^Kurt Wanner, Johann von Sprecher, Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz, 27 February 2014 version.
Readingedit
Behr, Andreas Behr. Diplomatie als Familiengeschäft: Die Casati als spanisch-mailändische Gesandte in Luzern und Chur (1660–1700), Chronos Verlag, 2016, ISBN9783034012935
Leu, Hans Jacob. Allgemeines Helvetisches, Eydgenößisches, Oder Schweitzerisches ..., Volume 5, Hans Ulrich Denzler, 1751
Redman, Herbert. Frederick the Great and the Seven Years' War, 1756–1763, McFarland, 2014
Sprecher, Daniel, "Sprecher", Neue Deutsche Biographie 24 (2010), S. 745–746.
Sprecher, Salomon von Bernegg, Diariumder Belagerung von Breslau; und Capitulations-Puncte von der Uebergabe an Se. Königl. Majestät in Preussen: Nebst einem Verzeichniß mit Nahmen, derer Generals, Staabs-Officiers und andern Officiers, dann vom Feldwebel an summariter derer Kayserl. Königl. Trouppen, so den 21ten December .... Berlin, 1758.
Tucker, Spencer, Battles that Changed History: an Encyclopedia of World Conflict. ABC-CLIO, 2010. ISBN9781598844290
Wanner, Kurt. Solomon von Sprecher, Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz,10 January 2013 version.
April 10, 2024
soloman, sprecher, bernegg, december, 1697, september, 1758, habsburg, military, commander, austrian, succession, seven, years, solomon, sprecher, berneggborn14, december, 1697, 1697, chur, canton, grisons, swiss, confederationdied14, september, 1758, 1758, ag. Soloman Sprecher von Bernegg 14 December 1697 14 September 1758 1 was a Habsburg military commander in the War of Austrian Succession and the Seven Years War 2 Solomon Sprecher von BerneggBorn14 December 1697 1697 12 14 Chur Canton Grisons Swiss ConfederationDied14 September 1758 1758 09 15 aged 60 Aussig BohemiaAllegianceHabsburg monarchyRankField MarshalBattles warsWar of Austrian SuccessionSeven Years WarFamily crest of Sprecher von Bernegg Contents 1 Family 2 Education and early military service 3 Sources 3 1 Citations 3 2 ReadingFamily editHe was born in Chur on 14 December 1697 the son of Johann Andreas Landmann and his wife Maria Terz He descended from the Davos line of the noble Sprecher von Bernegg family 1 He married twice to Dorothea Maria Sprecher von Bernegg daughter of Johann a fellow lieutenant in Spanish service and in 1738 to Elisabeth Ursula Buol daughter of Stephan Buol 3 Education and early military service editHe attended the Gymnasium in Halle and in 1717 entered into Spanish military service In 1728 he was appointed as the Military commissioner in Lombardy In 1736 he entered the Regiment von Schauenstein and in 1743 he received command of his own regiment in the service of Maria Theresa After the Siege of Genoa he was sent to Como where he commanded the garrison from 1751 to 1757 3 4 5 In 1754 he was appointed lieutenant field marshal In the Seven Years War Sprecher distinguished himself during the Siege of Prague by leading an assault on the Prussian line 6 whereupon he was appointed general of the artillery in 1757 3 nbsp Breslau was heavily fortified when Sprecher commanded it during the 1757 siege Prior to the Battle of Rossbach Sprecher commanded a small force of grenadiers near Schoenau part of the game of cat and mouse that the Austrians French and Prussians played prior to the battle 7 Prior to the Battle of Schweidnitz Sprecher commanded the Austrian right wing in consequence of an artillery dual the Duke of Bevern moved his forces away from the Austrians abandoning about 200 000 rations in the process 8 At the Battle of Breslau Specher led the first wave across the Gross Moecherbern bridge including some infantry units 35 full companies of grenadiers mounted grenadiers At about 1 30 pm Sprecher had pushed out the battalions of Caspar Ernst von Schultze s battalion Schultze himself was wounded and died later the Austrian attack also pushed out the Prussians holding the great battery Eventually once the Prussian garrison at Breslau was isolated they were offered and accepted the opportunity to withdraw 9 Subsequently Sprecher commanded the Austrian garrison at Breslau in 1757 Shortly after the Battle of Leuthen the garrison was augmented with Austrian troops and subsequently besieged by Frederick the Great and his army on 7 December 1757 After approximately two weeks of bombardment resulting in enormous hardship on the Allied troops within 10 the garrison surrendered to the Prussians 11 A court assembled to consider the terms of his capitulation ended with complete exoneration for his actions and the Empress promoted him to field marshal On the way to take command of the Austrian army corps destined to fight in Saxony he became ill on his way to Prague and died in Aussig 3 His name is sometimes spelled Salmon or Saloman Some sources misidentify the commander of Breslau as Johann Andreas Sprecher von Bernegg 1702 1765 2 but this was his younger brother 12 Sources editCitations edit a b Hans Jacob Leu Allgemeines Helvetisches Eydgenossisches Oder Schweitzerisches Volume 5 Hans Ulrich Denzler 1751 p 357 a b Sprecher Daniel Sprecher Neue Deutsche Biographie 24 2010 S 745 746 a b c d Kurt Wanner Salomon von Sprecher Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz 10 January 2013 version Andreas Behr Diplomatie als Familiengeschaft Die Casati als spanisch mailandische Gesandte in Luzern und Chur 1660 1700 Chronos Verlag 2016 p 164 Neue genealogisch historische Nachrichten von den vornehmsten Volume 10 Heinsius 1759 pp 468 470 Herbert J Redman Frederick the Great and the Seven Years War 1756 1763 McFarland 2014 p 70 Redman 114 Redman 138 Redman p 139 Redman 167 Salomon Sprecher von Bernegg Diarium der Belagerung von Breslau und Capitulations Puncte von der Ubergabe an Se Konigl Majestat in Preussen Nebst einem Verzeichniss mit Nahmen derer Generals Staabs Officiers und andern Officiers dann vom Feldwebel an summariter derer Kayserl Konigl Trouppen so den 21ten December 21 Dec 1757 pp 5 14 Berlin 1758 Kurt Wanner Johann von Sprecher Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz 27 February 2014 version Reading edit Behr Andreas Behr Diplomatie als Familiengeschaft Die Casati als spanisch mailandische Gesandte in Luzern und Chur 1660 1700 Chronos Verlag 2016 ISBN 9783034012935 Leu Hans Jacob Allgemeines Helvetisches Eydgenossisches Oder Schweitzerisches Volume 5 Hans Ulrich Denzler 1751 Redman Herbert Frederick the Great and the Seven Years War 1756 1763 McFarland 2014 Sprecher Daniel Sprecher Neue Deutsche Biographie 24 2010 S 745 746 Sprecher Salomon von Bernegg Diarium der Belagerung von Breslau und Capitulations Puncte von der Uebergabe an Se Konigl Majestat in Preussen Nebst einem Verzeichniss mit Nahmen derer Generals Staabs Officiers und andern Officiers dann vom Feldwebel an summariter derer Kayserl Konigl Trouppen so den 21ten December Berlin 1758 Tucker Spencer Battles that Changed History an Encyclopedia of World Conflict ABC CLIO 2010 ISBN 9781598844290 Wanner Kurt Solomon von Sprecher Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz 10 January 2013 version Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Soloman Sprecher von Bernegg amp oldid 1187844946, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
