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Beaux-Arts Institute of Design

January 01, 1970

The Beaux-Arts Institute of Design (BAID, later the National Institute for Architectural Education) was an art and architectural school at 304 East 44th Street in Turtle Bay, Manhattan, in New York City.[1] It was founded in 1916 by Lloyd Warren[2][3] for the training of American architects, sculptors and mural painters consistent with the educational agenda of the French École des Beaux-Arts.[4] The building is now home to Egypt's mission to the United Nations.

304 East 44th Street

Origins edit

BAID grew out of the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects, a formal club of American architects who had attended the Parisian school.

From its beginning in 1894, the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects had been interested in improving architectural education in the U.S.. It took on the task of developing standard architectural "programmes" for design problems to be given as assignments in architecture schools and in independent ateliers. The intent was to raise performance standards, but the effect also was to standardize the way architecture was taught all across the United States. By 1900, most American architecture schools and many independent ateliers were participating. By 1916 the burden of providing problem statements and jurying the work from an increasing number of schools and ateliers exceeded the capacity of the Society, so it established BAID to carry on this work.

Among sculpture professionals, the foundation of BAID ensured a supply of competent decorative sculptors, and allowed the members of the National Sculpture Society to position themselves as fine artists in comparison.

History edit

The National Sculpture Society deeded over a building at 126 East 75th Street to the newly created BAID.[5] Courses began on September 18, 1916 in three departments. The architecture department was associated with a committee from the Society; the sculpture department with a committee from the National Sculpture Society; and the mural department with a committee from the Society of Mural Painters.

Architect Frederic Charles Hirons of Dennison & Hirons was central to the founding and running of the school. Hirons had attended the Paris school from 1904 through 1909; co-founded BAID in 1916; designed the BAID building in 1928 (won through a competition, in the manner of Beaux-Arts); and served as president of the Society of Beaux-Arts Architects from 1937 through 1939.

Another founder was Lloyd Warren, the brother of Whitney Warren of Warren and Wetmore.[2] He was instrumental in getting top figures from the sculptural and architectural fields to teach at BAID, and serve on competition panels, for the sake of the profession.

In 1927 the first winner of the annual Whitney Warren architectural competition was Carl Conrad Franz Kressbach, a student at the Graduate School of Architecture at Harvard University (graduate of University of Michigan). His design "An airport for a large city" drew interest among persons concerned with the future of commercial aviation, it depicted a scheme for dispatching and receiving commercial planes.[6]

In 1956 the Institute changed its name to the National Institute for Architectural Education, reflecting a change of focus away from European traditions. In 1995 it was again renamed the Van Alen Institute.[7]

Activities edit

BAID architectural competitions were published across the country, administered through university architecture schools or independent studios, and the entries all graded by jury at once. The highest number of entries received was in the 1929–1930 year, when 9500 entries came into New York City for judging.

BAID also had on-site instruction and classrooms, with large sculpture studios open long hours and into the evenings for the convenience of working students and part-time teachers.

The school tended to be populated by students who were either immigrants or first-generation Americans. They often came from working-class backgrounds, and their training was towards getting a union job in the building trades, rather than becoming a fine arts sculptor. Many of these students also attended the Art Students League of New York.

Notable alumni edit

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Places of Interest." Turtle Bay. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  2. ^ a b "Sleep-Walk Plunge Kills Lloyd Warren; Famous Architect Falls From His Sixth-Floor Apartment in Early Morning. Suicide Theory Discarded. Victim Had Suffered From Somnambulism. Created BeauxArts Institute". The New York Times. October 26, 1922. Retrieved 2010-07-25. Lloyd Warren, architect, was found dead yesterday morning in an areaway below his bedroom at 1 West Sixtyfourth Street. It is believed that he fell accidentally while opening the window of his apartment, which is on the eighth floor. Mr. Warren who was founder of the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design, and a brother of Whitney Warren, the architect, ... Subject to Sleep-Walking. Not a Suicide, Says Doctor.
  3. ^ "Tribute to Lloyd Warren". Magazine of art. 1922. This Institute that he founded less than a decade ago is and will remain, in the opinion of its countless friends, the very best monument that could be erected to Lloyd Warren's memory. ...
  4. ^ Herbeson, John F., The Study of Architectural Design, The Pencil Points Press, Inc., New York 1926 p 2
  5. ^ According to The American Magazine of Art for November 1916, the
  6. ^ "Wins Beaux Arts Award; C.C.F. Kressbach, Harvard Student, Designs Airport Buildings". The New York Times. December 24, 1927. p. 8.
  7. ^ "History". Van Alen Institute. Retrieved 5 February 2019.
  8. ^ American Artist, December 1940, p. 8
  9. ^ Opitz, Glenn B., Mantle Fielding's Dictionary of American Painters, Sculptors & Engravers, Apollo Books, Poughkeepsie, New York, 1988
  10. ^ National Sculpture Society, Contemporary American Sculpture, New York, 1929
  11. ^ Craven, Wayne. American Art: History and Culture. McGraw-Hill Professional. 2003. "588.
  12. ^ "Vincent Glinsky Homepage". www.omnidisc.com. Archived from the original on 31 January 2013. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  13. ^ "Gross, Chaim, b. 1904 d. 1991." Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  14. ^ "Milton Hebald." CRA/LA. Retrieved on January 27, 2009.
  15. ^ "Henry Hensche." The Hensche Foundation. Retrieved on January 27, 2009.
  16. ^ Herbert B. Hunter by Angie Clifton, updated by Adam Ronan. Published 2009 North Carolina Architects and Builders
  17. ^ "Autobiography". Joseph Kiselewski. Retrieved 2023-01-31.
  18. ^ "Resume." Ibram Lassaw. Retrieved on January 26, 2009.
  19. ^ "John Gaw Meems 2009-02-18 at the Wayback Machine." [sic] New Mexico Tourism Department. Retrieved on January 27, 2009.
  20. ^ Barrie, Dennis (conducted by). "Corrado Parducci interview, 1975 Mar. 17." Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved on January 27, 2009.
  21. ^ "Guide to the Albert Stewart Photograph Collection." Claremont Colleges. Retrieved on January 27, 2009.
  22. ^ "Biography." Albert Wein Estate. Retrieved on January 27, 2009.
  23. ^ Bengali, Shashank (Spring 2004). . Trojan Family Magazine. University of Southern California. Archived from the original on 2013-05-27. Retrieved January 27, 2009.

Further reading edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beaux-Arts Institute of Design.
  • Bogart, Michele H., Public Sculpture and the Civic Ideal in New York City: 1890-1930, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1989
  • Brummé, C. Ludwig, Contemporary American Sculpture, Crown Publishers, New York, 1948
  • Gurney, George, Sculpture and the Federal Triangle, Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C., 1985
  • Harbeson, John F. The Study of Architectural Design: With Special Reference to the Program of the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design, Pencil Points Press Inc., New York, 1926
  • Kvaran, Einar Einarsson, Architectural Sculpture in America, unpublished manuscript
  • Stern, Robert A. M.; Gilmartin, Patrick; Mellins, Thomas (1987). New York 1930: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Two World Wars. New York: Rizzoli. ISBN 978-0-8478-3096-1. OCLC 13860977.

External links edit

  • Edgar A. Josselyn papers, circa 1889. Held by the Department of Drawings & Archives, Avery Architectural & Fine Arts Library, Columbia University.

40°45′02″N 73°58′15″W / 40.75068°N 73.97081°W / 40.75068; -73.97081

January 01, 1970
beaux, arts, institute, design, baid, later, national, institute, architectural, education, architectural, school, east, 44th, street, turtle, manhattan, york, city, founded, 1916, lloyd, warren, training, american, architects, sculptors, mural, painters, cons. The Beaux Arts Institute of Design BAID later the National Institute for Architectural Education was an art and architectural school at 304 East 44th Street in Turtle Bay Manhattan in New York City 1 It was founded in 1916 by Lloyd Warren 2 3 for the training of American architects sculptors and mural painters consistent with the educational agenda of the French Ecole des Beaux Arts 4 The building is now home to Egypt s mission to the United Nations 304 East 44th Street Contents 1 Origins 2 History 3 Activities 4 Notable alumni 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksOrigins editBAID grew out of the Society of Beaux Arts Architects a formal club of American architects who had attended the Parisian school From its beginning in 1894 the Society of Beaux Arts Architects had been interested in improving architectural education in the U S It took on the task of developing standard architectural programmes for design problems to be given as assignments in architecture schools and in independent ateliers The intent was to raise performance standards but the effect also was to standardize the way architecture was taught all across the United States By 1900 most American architecture schools and many independent ateliers were participating By 1916 the burden of providing problem statements and jurying the work from an increasing number of schools and ateliers exceeded the capacity of the Society so it established BAID to carry on this work Among sculpture professionals the foundation of BAID ensured a supply of competent decorative sculptors and allowed the members of the National Sculpture Society to position themselves as fine artists in comparison History editThe National Sculpture Society deeded over a building at 126 East 75th Street to the newly created BAID 5 Courses began on September 18 1916 in three departments The architecture department was associated with a committee from the Society the sculpture department with a committee from the National Sculpture Society and the mural department with a committee from the Society of Mural Painters Architect Frederic Charles Hirons of Dennison amp Hirons was central to the founding and running of the school Hirons had attended the Paris school from 1904 through 1909 co founded BAID in 1916 designed the BAID building in 1928 won through a competition in the manner of Beaux Arts and served as president of the Society of Beaux Arts Architects from 1937 through 1939 Another founder was Lloyd Warren the brother of Whitney Warren of Warren and Wetmore 2 He was instrumental in getting top figures from the sculptural and architectural fields to teach at BAID and serve on competition panels for the sake of the profession In 1927 the first winner of the annual Whitney Warren architectural competition was Carl Conrad Franz Kressbach a student at the Graduate School of Architecture at Harvard University graduate of University of Michigan His design An airport for a large city drew interest among persons concerned with the future of commercial aviation it depicted a scheme for dispatching and receiving commercial planes 6 In 1956 the Institute changed its name to the National Institute for Architectural Education reflecting a change of focus away from European traditions In 1995 it was again renamed the Van Alen Institute 7 Activities editBAID architectural competitions were published across the country administered through university architecture schools or independent studios and the entries all graded by jury at once The highest number of entries received was in the 1929 1930 year when 9500 entries came into New York City for judging BAID also had on site instruction and classrooms with large sculpture studios open long hours and into the evenings for the convenience of working students and part time teachers The school tended to be populated by students who were either immigrants or first generation Americans They often came from working class backgrounds and their training was towards getting a union job in the building trades rather than becoming a fine arts sculptor Many of these students also attended the Art Students League of New York Notable alumni editEdmond Romulus Amateis sculptor entered BAID in 1915 8 Beniamino Benvenuto Bufano 9 Gaetano Cecere sculptor 10 Rose Connor architect in Pasadena California Herbert Ferber sculptor attended circa 1926 11 Mitchell Fields sculptor attended BAID from 1917 to 1927 Harold H Fisher church architect Paul Fjelde sculptor professor at Pratt Institute Vincent Glinsky 12 sculptor student 1916 1920 and instructor 1931 32 1940 41 Chaim Gross sculptor attended circa 1922 13 Stratton Hammon Colonial Revival domestic architect Louisville Kentucky Milton Hebald sculptor 14 Henry Hensche painter 15 Oswald Hoepfner student and instructor c 1920 1926 Herbert B Hunter architect 16 Joseph Kiselewski sculptor 17 Ibram Lassaw sculptor attended circa 1928 18 Ellamae Ellis League architect from Macon Georgia first woman FAIA from Georgia John Gaw Meem architect Atelier Denver 19 Arthur C Morgan sculptor of mostly Louisiana political and business figures Jules Olitski painter attended BAID from 1940 to 1942 Corrado Parducci sculptor 20 David K Rubins sculptor Louis Slobodkin sculptor and children s book author Cesare Stea sculptor Albert Stewart sculptor 21 Robert Edward Weaver muralist painter sculptor BAID medalist 1935 1936 for mural design Albert W Wein sculptor attended 1932 22 Paul R Williams architect Atelier near Los Angeles 23 See also editNational Register of Historic Places listings in Manhattan from 14th to 59th Streets List of New York City Designated Landmarks in Manhattan from 14th to 59th StreetsReferences edit Places of Interest Turtle Bay Retrieved on January 26 2009 a b Sleep Walk Plunge Kills Lloyd Warren Famous Architect Falls From His Sixth Floor Apartment in Early Morning Suicide Theory Discarded Victim Had Suffered From Somnambulism Created BeauxArts Institute The New York Times October 26 1922 Retrieved 2010 07 25 Lloyd Warren architect was found dead yesterday morning in an areaway below his bedroom at 1 West Sixtyfourth Street It is believed that he fell accidentally while opening the window of his apartment which is on the eighth floor Mr Warren who was founder of the Beaux Arts Institute of Design and a brother of Whitney Warren the architect Subject to Sleep Walking Not a Suicide Says Doctor Tribute to Lloyd Warren Magazine of art 1922 This Institute that he founded less than a decade ago is and will remain in the opinion of its countless friends the very best monument that could be erected to Lloyd Warren s memory Herbeson John F The Study of Architectural Design The Pencil Points Press Inc New York 1926 p 2 According to The American Magazine of Art for November 1916 the Wins Beaux Arts Award C C F Kressbach Harvard Student Designs Airport Buildings The New York Times December 24 1927 p 8 History Van Alen Institute Retrieved 5 February 2019 American Artist December 1940 p 8 Opitz Glenn B Mantle Fielding s Dictionary of American Painters Sculptors amp Engravers Apollo Books Poughkeepsie New York 1988 National Sculpture Society Contemporary American Sculpture New York 1929 Craven Wayne American Art History and Culture McGraw Hill Professional 2003 588 Vincent Glinsky Homepage www omnidisc com Archived from the original on 31 January 2013 Retrieved 22 May 2022 Gross Chaim b 1904 d 1991 Smithsonian Institution Retrieved on January 26 2009 Milton Hebald CRA LA Retrieved on January 27 2009 Henry Hensche The Hensche Foundation Retrieved on January 27 2009 Herbert B Hunter by Angie Clifton updated by Adam Ronan Published 2009 North Carolina Architects and Builders Autobiography Joseph Kiselewski Retrieved 2023 01 31 Resume Ibram Lassaw Retrieved on January 26 2009 John Gaw Meems Archived 2009 02 18 at the Wayback Machine sic New Mexico Tourism Department Retrieved on January 27 2009 Barrie Dennis conducted by Corrado Parducci interview 1975 Mar 17 Archives of American Art Smithsonian Institution Retrieved on January 27 2009 Guide to the Albert Stewart Photograph Collection Claremont Colleges Retrieved on January 27 2009 Biography Albert Wein Estate Retrieved on January 27 2009 Bengali Shashank Spring 2004 Williams the Conqueror Trojan Family Magazine University of Southern California Archived from the original on 2013 05 27 Retrieved January 27 2009 Further reading edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Beaux Arts Institute of Design Bogart Michele H Public Sculpture and the Civic Ideal in New York City 1890 1930 University of Chicago Press Chicago 1989 Brumme C Ludwig Contemporary American Sculpture Crown Publishers New York 1948 Gurney George Sculpture and the Federal Triangle Smithsonian Institution Press Washington D C 1985 Harbeson John F The Study of Architectural Design With Special Reference to the Program of the Beaux Arts Institute of Design Pencil Points Press Inc New York 1926 Kvaran Einar Einarsson Architectural Sculpture in America unpublished manuscript Stern Robert A M Gilmartin Patrick Mellins Thomas 1987 New York 1930 Architecture and Urbanism Between the Two World Wars New York Rizzoli ISBN 978 0 8478 3096 1 OCLC 13860977 External links editEdgar A Josselyn papers circa 1889 Held by the Department of Drawings amp Archives Avery Architectural amp Fine Arts Library Columbia University 40 45 02 N 73 58 15 W 40 75068 N 73 97081 W 40 75068 73 97081 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Beaux Arts Institute of Design amp oldid 1221807268, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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