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Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute

January 01, 1970

The Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute is a nonprofit research institute in San Francisco, California, with a focus on vision science and rehabilitation engineering. It was founded in 1959 by Arthur Jampolsky and Alan B. Scott, when some members of Stanford University's Ophthalmology Department elected to stay in San Francisco rather than move to Palo Alto.[1]

Street view of the Smith-Kettlewell Eye Research Institute circa 2017

Scientific contributions edit

The Institute did early experiments in sensory substitution, especially the substitution of tactile information for visual information to help blind people navigate[2] and other methods to obtain accessible technology.[3] This research is often performed by scientists who are blind, such as Josh Miele.[4]

The institute's use of botulinum toxin in humans as a therapy to treat strabismus. This initial therapeutic use led to later cosmetic use in Botox.[5] Other impactful work involved Anthony Norcia's study of vision in infants[6] and Erich Sutter's invention of the multifocal electroretinogram and of the multifocal evoked potential.[7]

The Institute has originated various visual illusions, including Christopher Tyler's development of autostereograms, and Anthony Norcia's coffer illusion.[8] Also popular are Tyler's analysis of the position of eyes in paintings,[9] of Mona Lisa's smile[10] and of Leonardo da Vinci's possible eye condition.[11][12]

Scientists edit

Over the decades, the Institute has hosted generations of vision scientists, including

References edit

  1. ^ "History | Smith-Kettlewell". www.ski.org. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  2. ^ Anwar, Yasmin (2014-07-01). "Blind lead the way in brave new world of tactile technology". Berkeley News. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  3. ^ Bogardus Cortez, Meghan (2017-03-10). "Accessible Technology Helps Students with Disabilities Pursue STEM Degrees". Technology Solutions That Drive Education. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  4. ^ Jamieson, Wendell (2013-03-02). "The Crime of His Childhood (Published 2013)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  5. ^ Vara, Vauhini (2014-11-18). "Billions and Billions for Botox". The New Yorker. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  6. ^ Weber, Bruce (1989-03-05). "WORKS IN PROGRESS (Published 1989)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  7. ^ Hood, Donald C (September 2000). "Assessing retinal function with the multifocal technique". Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 19 (5): 607–646. doi:10.1016/S1350-9462(00)00013-6. PMID 10925245. S2CID 35169382.
  8. ^ "Coffer Illusion | Best Illusion of the Year Contest". Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  9. ^ Blakeslee, Sandra (1998-05-05). "In Painting Eyes, Artists Go Halfway (Published 1998)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  10. ^ Cohen, Philip (2004-06-23). "Noisy secret of Mona Lisa's smile". New Scientist. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  11. ^ Katie Hunt (2019-11-27). "Theory that Leonardo da Vinci's art was tied to rare eye condition refuted by new research". CNN. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  12. ^ Nina Avramova (2018-10-18). "Rare eye condition was behind da Vinci's genius, research claims". CNN. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  13. ^ "Suzanne McKee | Smith-Kettlewell". www.ski.org. Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  14. ^ "VSS 2015 Davida Teller Award – Suzanne McKee". Retrieved 2021-02-17.
  15. ^ McKee, Suzanne P. (15 September 2023). "Envisioning a Woman Scientist". Annual Review of Vision Science. 9 (1): 1–14. doi:10.1146/annurev-vision-111022-123844. ISSN 2374-4642.
  16. ^ WIP (2012-06-03). "The Coffer Illusion Explained | What is Psychology? - Part 2". Retrieved 2021-02-17.

External links edit

37°47′28.5″N 122°26′2.9″W / 37.791250°N 122.434139°W / 37.791250; -122.434139

January 01, 1970
smith, kettlewell, research, institute, nonprofit, research, institute, francisco, california, with, focus, vision, science, rehabilitation, engineering, founded, 1959, arthur, jampolsky, alan, scott, when, some, members, stanford, university, ophthalmology, d. The Smith Kettlewell Eye Research Institute is a nonprofit research institute in San Francisco California with a focus on vision science and rehabilitation engineering It was founded in 1959 by Arthur Jampolsky and Alan B Scott when some members of Stanford University s Ophthalmology Department elected to stay in San Francisco rather than move to Palo Alto 1 Street view of the Smith Kettlewell Eye Research Institute circa 2017 Contents 1 Scientific contributions 2 Scientists 3 References 4 External linksScientific contributions editThe Institute did early experiments in sensory substitution especially the substitution of tactile information for visual information to help blind people navigate 2 and other methods to obtain accessible technology 3 This research is often performed by scientists who are blind such as Josh Miele 4 The institute s use of botulinum toxin in humans as a therapy to treat strabismus This initial therapeutic use led to later cosmetic use in Botox 5 Other impactful work involved Anthony Norcia s study of vision in infants 6 and Erich Sutter s invention of the multifocal electroretinogram and of the multifocal evoked potential 7 The Institute has originated various visual illusions including Christopher Tyler s development of autostereograms and Anthony Norcia s coffer illusion 8 Also popular are Tyler s analysis of the position of eyes in paintings 9 of Mona Lisa s smile 10 and of Leonardo da Vinci s possible eye condition 11 12 Scientists editOver the decades the Institute has hosted generations of vision scientists including Paul Bach y Rita Laura Busse Matteo Carandini Julie M Harris Suzanne McKee 13 14 15 Ken Nakayama Anthony Norcia 16 Larry Scadden Alan B Scott Erich Sutter Christopher Tyler Alan Yuille Joshua MieleReferences edit History Smith Kettlewell www ski org Retrieved 2021 02 17 Anwar Yasmin 2014 07 01 Blind lead the way in brave new world of tactile technology Berkeley News Retrieved 2021 02 17 Bogardus Cortez Meghan 2017 03 10 Accessible Technology Helps Students with Disabilities Pursue STEM Degrees Technology Solutions That Drive Education Retrieved 2021 02 17 Jamieson Wendell 2013 03 02 The Crime of His Childhood Published 2013 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2021 02 17 Vara Vauhini 2014 11 18 Billions and Billions for Botox The New Yorker Retrieved 2021 02 17 Weber Bruce 1989 03 05 WORKS IN PROGRESS Published 1989 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2021 02 17 Hood Donald C September 2000 Assessing retinal function with the multifocal technique Progress in Retinal and Eye Research 19 5 607 646 doi 10 1016 S1350 9462 00 00013 6 PMID 10925245 S2CID 35169382 Coffer Illusion Best Illusion of the Year Contest Retrieved 2021 02 17 Blakeslee Sandra 1998 05 05 In Painting Eyes Artists Go Halfway Published 1998 The New York Times ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2021 02 17 Cohen Philip 2004 06 23 Noisy secret of Mona Lisa s smile New Scientist Retrieved 2021 02 17 Katie Hunt 2019 11 27 Theory that Leonardo da Vinci s art was tied to rare eye condition refuted by new research CNN Retrieved 2021 02 17 Nina Avramova 2018 10 18 Rare eye condition was behind da Vinci s genius research claims CNN Retrieved 2021 02 17 Suzanne McKee Smith Kettlewell www ski org Retrieved 2021 02 17 VSS 2015 Davida Teller Award Suzanne McKee Retrieved 2021 02 17 McKee Suzanne P 15 September 2023 Envisioning a Woman Scientist Annual Review of Vision Science 9 1 1 14 doi 10 1146 annurev vision 111022 123844 ISSN 2374 4642 WIP 2012 06 03 The Coffer Illusion Explained What is Psychology Part 2 Retrieved 2021 02 17 External links editski org https barkansociety com partner the smith kettlewell eye research institute https www afb org aw 15 9 15535 37 47 28 5 N 122 26 2 9 W 37 791250 N 122 434139 W 37 791250 122 434139 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Smith Kettlewell Eye Research Institute amp oldid 1200642725, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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