Look up uranography in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
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Celestial cartography,[1]uranography,[2][3]astrography or star cartography[citation needed] is the aspect of astronomy and branch of cartography concerned with mapping stars, galaxies, and other astronomical objects on the celestial sphere. Measuring the position and light of charted objects requires a variety of instruments and techniques. These techniques have developed from angle measurements with quadrants and the unaided eye, through sextants combined with lenses for light magnification, up to current methods which include computer-automated space telescopes. Uranographers have historically produced planetary position tables, star tables, and star maps for use by both amateur and professional astronomers. More recently, computerized star maps have been compiled, and automated positioning of telescopes uses databases of stars and of other astronomical objects.
Title page of the Coelum Stellatum Christianum by Julius Schiller.This print, published in Richard Blome's "The Gentleman's Recreation" (1686) shows the diverse ways in which cosmography can be applied
The word "uranography" derived from the Greek "ουρανογραφια" (Koine Greekουρανος "sky, heaven" + γραφειν "to write") through the Latin"uranographia". In Renaissance times, Uranographia was used as the book title of various celestial atlases.[4][5][6] During the 19th century, "uranography" was defined as the "description of the heavens". Elijah H. Burritt re-defined it as the "geography of the heavens".[7] The German word for uranography is "Uranographie", the French is "uranographie" and the Italian is "uranografia".
Astrometryedit
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2008)
Astrometry, the science of spherical astronomy, is concerned with precise measurements of the location of celestial bodies in the celestial sphere and their kinematics relative to a reference frame on the celestial sphere.[8] In principle, astrometry can involve such measurements of planets, stars, black holes and galaxies to any celestial body. [9]
Throughout human history, astrometry played a significant role in shaping our understanding of the structure of the visible sky, which accompanies the location of bodies in it, hence making it a fundamental tool to celestial cartography. [9]
A determining fact source for drawing star charts is naturally a star table. This is apparent when comparing the imaginative "star maps" of Poeticon Astronomicon – illustrations beside a narrative text from the antiquity – to the star maps of Johann Bayer, based on precise star-position measurements from the Rudolphine Tables by Tycho Brahe.
Important historical star tablesedit
c:AD 150, Almagest – contains the last known star table from antiquity, prepared by Ptolemy, 1,028 stars.
15th century BC – The ceiling of the tomb TT71 for the Egyptian architect and minister Senenmut, who served Queen Hatshepsut, is adorned with a large and extensive star chart.
1092 – Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao (新儀 象法要), by Su Song, a horological treatise which had the earliest existent star maps in printed form. Su Song's star maps also featured the corrected position of the pole star which had been deciphered due to the efforts of astronomical observations by Su's peer, the polymath scientist Shen Kuo.
1693 – Firmamentum Sobiescanum sive Uranometria, by Johannes Hevelius, a star map updated with many new star positions based on Hevelius's Prodromus Astronomiae (1690) – 1564 stars.
^Warner, D. J. (1979). The Sky Explored: Celestial Cartography 1500–1800. Amsterdam and New York: Theatrum Orbis Terrarum Ltd. and Alan R. Liss, Inc.
^Lovi, G.; W. Tirion; B. Rappaport (1987). "Uranography Yesterday and Today". Uranometria 2000.0. 1: The Northern Hemisphere to – 6 degree. Willmann-Bell, Richmond.
^ Lovi, G.; Tirion, W. (1989). Men, Monsters and the Modern Universe. Richmond: Willmann-Bell.
^1690: Hevelius J., Firmamentum Sobiescianum sive Uranographia.
^1801: Bode. J. E., Uranographia sive Astrorum Descriptio.
^Burritt, E. H., The Geography of the Heavens, 1833.
^Endl, Michael; Cochran, William D. (2007-01-01), "CHAPTER 47 - Extrasolar Planets", in McFadden, Lucy-Ann; Weissman, Paul R.; Johnson, Torrence V. (eds.), Encyclopedia of the Solar System (Second Edition), San Diego: Academic Press, pp. 887–902, Bibcode:2007ess..book..887E, doi:10.1016/b978-012088589-3/50051-7, ISBN978-0-12-088589-3, retrieved 2023-06-08
^ abVallenari, Antonella (2018). "The Future of Astrometry in Space". Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences. 5: 11. Bibcode:2018FrASS...5...11V. doi:10.3389/fspas.2018.00011. ISSN 2296-987X.
^"Dürer's hemispheres of 1515 — the first European printed star charts". Ianridpath.com. Retrieved 2019-02-25.
"Astronomy: Star Atlases, Charts, and Maps", a collection of more than 60 star atlas volumes.
"Astronomy: Selected Images, a collection of high-resolution star map images.
"History of Cosmology: Views of the Stars", high-resolution scans of prints relating to the study of the structure of the cosmos.
April 13, 2024
celestial, cartography, astrography, redirects, here, telescope, designed, astrophotography, astrograph, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material,. Astrography redirects here For a telescope designed for astrophotography see astrograph This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Celestial cartography news newspapers books scholar JSTOR August 2010 Learn how and when to remove this template message Look up uranography in Wiktionary the free dictionary Look up astrography in Wiktionary the free dictionary Celestial cartography 1 uranography 2 3 astrography or star cartography citation needed is the aspect of astronomy and branch of cartography concerned with mapping stars galaxies and other astronomical objects on the celestial sphere Measuring the position and light of charted objects requires a variety of instruments and techniques These techniques have developed from angle measurements with quadrants and the unaided eye through sextants combined with lenses for light magnification up to current methods which include computer automated space telescopes Uranographers have historically produced planetary position tables star tables and star maps for use by both amateur and professional astronomers More recently computerized star maps have been compiled and automated positioning of telescopes uses databases of stars and of other astronomical objects Title page of the Coelum Stellatum Christianum by Julius Schiller This print published in Richard Blome s The Gentleman s Recreation 1686 shows the diverse ways in which cosmography can be applied Contents 1 Etymology 2 Astrometry 3 Star catalogues 3 1 Important historical star tables 4 Star atlases 4 1 Naked eye 4 2 Telescopic 4 3 Photographic 4 4 Modern 4 5 Computerized 4 6 Free and printable from files 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksEtymology editThe word uranography derived from the Greek oyranografia Koine Greek oyranos sky heaven grafein to write through the Latin uranographia In Renaissance times Uranographia was used as the book title of various celestial atlases 4 5 6 During the 19th century uranography was defined as the description of the heavens Elijah H Burritt re defined it as the geography of the heavens 7 The German word for uranography is Uranographie the French is uranographie and the Italian is uranografia Astrometry editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it June 2008 Main article Astrometry Astrometry the science of spherical astronomy is concerned with precise measurements of the location of celestial bodies in the celestial sphere and their kinematics relative to a reference frame on the celestial sphere 8 In principle astrometry can involve such measurements of planets stars black holes and galaxies to any celestial body 9 Throughout human history astrometry played a significant role in shaping our understanding of the structure of the visible sky which accompanies the location of bodies in it hence making it a fundamental tool to celestial cartography 9 Star catalogues editMain article Star catalogue This section does not cite any sources Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed June 2023 Learn how and when to remove this template message This section needs expansion You can help by adding to it June 2008 nbsp nbsp nbsp Aquarius according toHyginus Aquarius according toJohann Bayer s Uranometria based on Rudolphine Tables Aquarius according toKStarsA determining fact source for drawing star charts is naturally a star table This is apparent when comparing the imaginative star maps of Poeticon Astronomicon illustrations beside a narrative text from the antiquity to the star maps of Johann Bayer based on precise star position measurements from the Rudolphine Tables by Tycho Brahe Important historical star tables edit c AD 150 Almagest contains the last known star table from antiquity prepared by Ptolemy 1 028 stars c 964 Book of the Fixed Stars Arabic version of the Almagest by al Sufi 1627 Rudolphine Tables contains the first West Enlightenment star table based on measurements of Tycho Brahe 1 005 stars 1690 Prodromus Astronomiae by Johannes Hevelius for his Firmamentum Sobiescanum 1 564 stars 1729 Britannic Catalogue by John Flamsteed for his Atlas Coelestis position of more than 3 000 stars by accuracy of 10 1903 Bonner Durchmusterung by Friedrich Wilhelm Argelander and collaborators circa 460 000 stars Star atlases editNaked eye edit 15th century BC The ceiling of the tomb TT71 for the Egyptian architect and minister Senenmut who served Queen Hatshepsut is adorned with a large and extensive star chart c 1 CE Poeticon astronomicon allegedly by Gaius Julius Hyginus 1092 Xin Yi Xiang Fa Yao 新儀 象法要 by Su Song a horological treatise which had the earliest existent star maps in printed form Su Song s star maps also featured the corrected position of the pole star which had been deciphered due to the efforts of astronomical observations by Su s peer the polymath scientist Shen Kuo 1515 First European printed star charts 10 published in Nuremberg Germany engraved by Albrecht Durer 1603 Uranometria by Johann Bayer the first western modern star map based on Tycho Brahe s and Johannes Kepler s Tabulae Rudolphinae 1627 Julius Schiller published the star atlas Coelum Stellatum Christianum which replaced pagan constellations with biblical and early Christian figures 1660 Jan Janssonius 11th volume of Atlas Major not to be confused with the similarly named and scoped Atlas Maior featured the Harmonia Macrocosmica by Andreas Cellarius 1693 Firmamentum Sobiescanum sive Uranometria by Johannes Hevelius a star map updated with many new star positions based on Hevelius s Prodromus Astronomiae 1690 1564 stars Telescopic edit 1729 Atlas Coelestis by John Flamsteed 1801 Uranographia by Johann Elert Bode 1843 Uranometria Nova by Friedrich Wilhelm ArgelanderPhotographic edit 1914 Franklin Adams Charts by John Franklin Adams a very early photographic atlas The Falkau Atlas Hans Vehrenberg Stars to magnitude 13 Atlas Stellarum Hans Vehrenberg Stars to magnitude 14 True Visual Magnitude Photographic Star Atlas Christos Papadopoulos Stars to magnitude 13 5 The Cambridge Photographic Star Atlas Axel Mellinger and Ronald Stoyan 2011 Stars to magnitude 14 natural color 1 cm Modern edit Bright Star Atlas Wil Tirion stars to magnitude 6 5 Cambridge Star Atlas Wil Tirion Stars to magnitude 6 5 Norton s Star Atlas and Reference Handbook Ed Ian Ridpath stars to magnitude 6 5 Stars amp Planets Guide Ian Ridpath and Wil Tirion stars to magnitude 6 0 11 Cambridge Double Star Atlas James Mullaney and Wil Tirion stars to magnitude 7 5 Cambridge Atlas of Herschel Objects James Mullaney and Wil Tirion stars to magnitude 7 5 Pocket Sky Atlas Roger Sinnott stars to magnitude 7 5 Deep Sky Reiseatlas Michael Feiler Philip Noack Telrad Finder Charts stars to magnitude 7 5 Atlas Coeli Skalnate Pleso Atlas of the Heavens 1950 0 Antonin Becvar stars to magnitude 7 75 and about 12 000 clusters galaxies and nebulae SkyAtlas 2000 0 second edition Wil Tirion amp Roger Sinnott stars to magnitude 8 5 1987 Uranometria 2000 0 Deep Sky Atlas Wil Tirion Barry Rappaport Will Remaklus stars to magnitude 9 7 11 5 in selected close ups Herald Bobroff AstroAtlas David Herald amp Peter Bobroff stars to magnitude 9 in main charts 14 in selected sections Millennium Star Atlas Roger Sinnott Michael Perryman stars to magnitude 11 Field Guide to the Stars and Planets Jay M Pasachoff Wil Tirion charts stars to magnitude 7 5 SkyGX still in preparation Christopher Watson stars to magnitude 12 The Great Atlas of the Sky Piotr Brych 2 400 000 stars to magnitude 12 galaxies to magnitude 18 12 Computerized edit 100 000 Stars Cartes du Ciel Celestia Stars and Planets for Android Stars and Planets for iOS CyberSky GoSkyWatch Planetarium Google Sky KStars Stellarium SKY MAP ORG SkyMap Online WorldWide Telescope XEphem for Unix like systems Stellarmap com online map of the stars 13 Star Walk and Kepler Explorer OpenLab 2 celestial cartography apps for smartphones SpaceEngineFree and printable from files edit The TriAtlas Project Toshimi Taki Star Atlases DeepSky Hunter Star Atlas Andrew Johnson mag 7See also editStar chart Astrometry Cosmography Cheonsang Yeolcha Bunyajido History of cartography Planetarium PP3References edit Warner D J 1979 The Sky Explored Celestial Cartography 1500 1800 Amsterdam and New York Theatrum Orbis Terrarum Ltd and Alan R Liss Inc Lovi G W Tirion B Rappaport 1987 Uranography Yesterday and Today Uranometria 2000 0 1 The Northern Hemisphere to 6 degree Willmann Bell Richmond Lovi G Tirion W 1989 Men Monsters and the Modern Universe Richmond Willmann Bell 1690 Hevelius J Firmamentum Sobiescianum sive Uranographia c 1750 Bevis J Uranographia Britannica 1801 Bode J E Uranographia sive Astrorum Descriptio Burritt E H The Geography of the Heavens 1833 Endl Michael Cochran William D 2007 01 01 CHAPTER 47 Extrasolar Planets in McFadden Lucy Ann Weissman Paul R Johnson Torrence V eds Encyclopedia of the Solar System Second Edition San Diego Academic Press pp 887 902 Bibcode 2007ess book 887E doi 10 1016 b978 012088589 3 50051 7 ISBN 978 0 12 088589 3 retrieved 2023 06 08 a b Vallenari Antonella 2018 The Future of Astrometry in Space Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences 5 11 Bibcode 2018FrASS 5 11V doi 10 3389 fspas 2018 00011 ISSN 2296 987X Durer s hemispheres of 1515 the first European printed star charts Ianridpath com Retrieved 2019 02 25 Stars amp Planets Guide The Great Atlas of the Sky Archived 2012 01 23 at the Wayback Machine GreatSkyAtlas com December 1 2009 Stellarmap com Stellarmap com Retrieved 2019 02 25 External links editStar Maps from Ian Ridpath s Star Tales website The Mag 7 Star Atlas Project Historical Celestial Atlases on the Web Felice Stoppa s ATLAS COELESTIS an extensive collection of 51 star maps and other astronomy related books stored as a multitude of images Monthly star maps for every location on Earth Archived 2007 09 13 at the Wayback Machine Easy to use monthly star maps for northern and southern hemispheres Helpful target lists for naked eye binocular or telescope viewing Collection of rare star atlases charts and maps Archived 2018 03 25 at the Wayback Machine available in full digital facsimile at Linda Hall Library Navigable online map of the stars Stellarmap com The Digital Collections of the Linda Hall Library include Astronomy Star Atlases Charts and Maps a collection of more than 60 star atlas volumes Astronomy Selected Images a collection of high resolution star map images History of Cosmology Views of the Stars high resolution scans of prints relating to the study of the structure of the cosmos Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Celestial cartography amp oldid 1210057916, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
