Parks attended Sutton High School and later Epsom College (1935–1940) on a scholarship.[3] He became president of the Oxford University Athletic Club while playing rugby during his bachelors studies. He graduated from Brasenose College, Oxford in 1943 after four years of study. Parks then became one of few people chosen as a Rockefeller student at Johns Hopkins University for medical training. He graduated with his medical doctorate (MD) from Johns Hopkins in 1947 and returned to Guy's Hospital in London the same year.[4]
Careeredit
At Guy's Hospital, Parks was a house physician and research assistant for two years. He then spent two years with the Royal Army Medical Corps (RAMC) as a surgeon with deployments in Asia including Japan and Korea. Upon returning to London, Parks became a resident surgical officer at Putney Hospital in London. He was next a registrar and then senior registrar at Guy's until 1959 when he was appointed as a consultant surgeon at St Mark's Hospital, the world's first bowel specialised hospital, in London. At the time, Parks was the first person to be appointed as a St Mark's surgical consultant without having also done his residency at the hospital.[4][1]
Parks is credited with being the first surgeon in the world to premiere the ileo-anal pouch procedure in 1976. His first pouch surgery took place at the London Hospital (called the Royal London Hospital since 1990). Parks' pouch design was a S-shaped pouch. Afterwards, he continued to develop the procedure at St Mark's Hospital.[4]
The aim of Parks' ileo-anal pouch was to improve quality of life after a person needed to have their colon and rectum removed because of disease by providing select people who were medically suitable the option to choose between having their anal evacuation route reconstructed or life with a permanent ileostomy.[5] The ileo-anal pouch is known by a number of names including the Parks' pouch, S-pouch, W-pouch, J-pouch, restorative proctocolectomy (RPC), pelvic pouch, and ileo pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA).
Parks' ileal-pouch anal anastomosis (IPAA) was an advancement in colorectal surgery building off both the ileum-anal anastomosis from the 1940s and the Koch pouch, or continent ileostomy first performed by Finnish surgeon Dr Nils Kock in Sweden during 1969.[6][7] With the ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA), Parks' added the construction of a reservoir or 'pouch' made from 40-50 centimetres of the small bowel (ileum) immediately above the excised colon and rectum before performing the anastomosis between the ileal pouch and the anus. This not only restored anal evacuation but was intended to improve the patient's function by reducing the frequency of defaecation, as was reported to be high from the ileum-anal anastomosis (without pouch) as described by Ravich and Sabiston in 1947.
The first article published on ileo-anal pouch surgery was authored by Parks and his colleague, John Nicholls, who also contributed to the development of the pouch procedure, in the British Medical Journal in 1978.[8] The first five people with pouches, all S-pouches, were included in the study.
Parks is also known for a number of other contributions to colorectal surgery including his 1954 description of haemorrhoid treatment explaining a new submucous procedure which was dubbed "Parks' painless proctoplasty". His research into the treatment of anal incontinence and fistula-in-ano also had a lasting impact on the practice of colorectal surgery.[4]
Parks was elected president of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1980. The same year he was awarded the Ernst Jung Prize for Medicine.[4]
Deathedit
Sir Alan Parks died in London on 3 November 1982 at St Bartholomew's Hospital after emergency cardiac surgery while he was in office as president of the Royal College of Surgeons. He had previously suffered a heart attack while in Rome during October 1982.[1]
^ abc"Parks, Sir Alan Guyatt (1920 - 1982)". Plarr's Lives of the Fellows. Royal College of Surgeons of England. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
^"Parks, Sir Alan (Guyatt)". Who's Who & Who Was Who. A & C Black. 2007. doi:10.1093/ww/9780199540884.013.U167882. Retrieved 12 December 2013. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^"Sir Alan Guyatt Parks (1920-1982)" (PDF). Old Epsomian Biographies. Epsom College Archive. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
^ abcde"Sir Alan Guyatt Parks". RCP Museum. Royal College of Physicians. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
^Rothenberger, David A.; Buls, John G.; Nivatvongs, Santhat; Goldberg, Stanley M. (1985). "The parks S ileal pouch and anal anastomosis after colectomy and mucosal proctectomy". The American Journal of Surgery. 149 (3): 390–394. doi:10.1016/S0002-9610(85)80115-X.
^Ravitch, M. M.; Sabiston, D.C. Jr. (1947). "Anal ileostomy with preservation of the sphincter; a proposed operation in patients requiring total colectomy for benign lesions". Surgery, Gynecology & Obstetrics. 84 (6): 1095–1099. PMID 20240241.
^Rudd, W. W. (1976). "The Kock Pouch: A Continent Ileostomy with No Appliance". Canadian Family Physician. 22: 57–59. PMC2378183. PMID 21308013.
^Parks, A. G.; Nicholls, R. J. (1978). "Proctocolectomy without ileostomy for ulcerative colitis". BMJ. 2 (6130): 85–88. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.6130.85. PMC1605901. PMID 667572.
alan, parks, scottish, writer, writer, english, footballer, alan, parkes, alan, guyatt, parks, frcp, frcpe, frcs, december, 1920, november, 1982, british, colorectal, surgeon, served, president, royal, college, surgeons, contents, early, life, education, caree. For the Scottish writer see Alan Parks writer For the English footballer see Alan Parkes Sir Alan Guyatt Parks FRCP FRCPE FRCS 19 December 1920 3 November 1982 was a British colorectal surgeon 1 who served as president of the Royal College of Surgeons 2 Contents 1 Early life and education 2 Career 3 Death 4 See also 5 ReferencesEarly life and education editParks attended Sutton High School and later Epsom College 1935 1940 on a scholarship 3 He became president of the Oxford University Athletic Club while playing rugby during his bachelors studies He graduated from Brasenose College Oxford in 1943 after four years of study Parks then became one of few people chosen as a Rockefeller student at Johns Hopkins University for medical training He graduated with his medical doctorate MD from Johns Hopkins in 1947 and returned to Guy s Hospital in London the same year 4 Career editAt Guy s Hospital Parks was a house physician and research assistant for two years He then spent two years with the Royal Army Medical Corps RAMC as a surgeon with deployments in Asia including Japan and Korea Upon returning to London Parks became a resident surgical officer at Putney Hospital in London He was next a registrar and then senior registrar at Guy s until 1959 when he was appointed as a consultant surgeon at St Mark s Hospital the world s first bowel specialised hospital in London At the time Parks was the first person to be appointed as a St Mark s surgical consultant without having also done his residency at the hospital 4 1 Parks is credited with being the first surgeon in the world to premiere the ileo anal pouch procedure in 1976 His first pouch surgery took place at the London Hospital called the Royal London Hospital since 1990 Parks pouch design was a S shaped pouch Afterwards he continued to develop the procedure at St Mark s Hospital 4 The aim of Parks ileo anal pouch was to improve quality of life after a person needed to have their colon and rectum removed because of disease by providing select people who were medically suitable the option to choose between having their anal evacuation route reconstructed or life with a permanent ileostomy 5 The ileo anal pouch is known by a number of names including the Parks pouch S pouch W pouch J pouch restorative proctocolectomy RPC pelvic pouch and ileo pouch anal anastomosis IPAA Parks ileal pouch anal anastomosis IPAA was an advancement in colorectal surgery building off both the ileum anal anastomosis from the 1940s and the Koch pouch or continent ileostomy first performed by Finnish surgeon Dr Nils Kock in Sweden during 1969 6 7 With the ileal pouch anal anastomosis IPAA Parks added the construction of a reservoir or pouch made from 40 50 centimetres of the small bowel ileum immediately above the excised colon and rectum before performing the anastomosis between the ileal pouch and the anus This not only restored anal evacuation but was intended to improve the patient s function by reducing the frequency of defaecation as was reported to be high from the ileum anal anastomosis without pouch as described by Ravich and Sabiston in 1947 The first article published on ileo anal pouch surgery was authored by Parks and his colleague John Nicholls who also contributed to the development of the pouch procedure in the British Medical Journal in 1978 8 The first five people with pouches all S pouches were included in the study Parks is also known for a number of other contributions to colorectal surgery including his 1954 description of haemorrhoid treatment explaining a new submucous procedure which was dubbed Parks painless proctoplasty His research into the treatment of anal incontinence and fistula in ano also had a lasting impact on the practice of colorectal surgery 4 Parks was elected president of the Royal College of Surgeons in 1980 The same year he was awarded the Ernst Jung Prize for Medicine 4 Death editSir Alan Parks died in London on 3 November 1982 at St Bartholomew s Hospital after emergency cardiac surgery while he was in office as president of the Royal College of Surgeons He had previously suffered a heart attack while in Rome during October 1982 1 See also editDe Simone FormulationReferences edit a b c Parks Sir Alan Guyatt 1920 1982 Plarr s Lives of the Fellows Royal College of Surgeons of England Retrieved 26 July 2022 Parks Sir Alan Guyatt Who s Who amp Who Was Who A amp C Black 2007 doi 10 1093 ww 9780199540884 013 U167882 Retrieved 12 December 2013 Subscription or UK public library membership required Sir Alan Guyatt Parks 1920 1982 PDF Old Epsomian Biographies Epsom College Archive Retrieved 26 July 2022 a b c d e Sir Alan Guyatt Parks RCP Museum Royal College of Physicians Retrieved 26 July 2022 Rothenberger David A Buls John G Nivatvongs Santhat Goldberg Stanley M 1985 The parks S ileal pouch and anal anastomosis after colectomy and mucosal proctectomy The American Journal of Surgery 149 3 390 394 doi 10 1016 S0002 9610 85 80115 X Ravitch M M Sabiston D C Jr 1947 Anal ileostomy with preservation of the sphincter a proposed operation in patients requiring total colectomy for benign lesions Surgery Gynecology amp Obstetrics 84 6 1095 1099 PMID 20240241 Rudd W W 1976 The Kock Pouch A Continent Ileostomy with No Appliance Canadian Family Physician 22 57 59 PMC 2378183 PMID 21308013 Parks A G Nicholls R J 1978 Proctocolectomy without ileostomy for ulcerative colitis BMJ 2 6130 85 88 doi 10 1136 bmj 2 6130 85 PMC 1605901 PMID 667572 Academic offices Preceded bySir Reginald Murley President of the Royal College of Surgeons of England1980 1982 Succeeded byGeoffrey Slaney Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Alan Parks amp oldid 1206095871, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
