Siegmund Gabriel began studying chemistry at the University of Berlin in 1871. He continued his studies at the University of Heidelberg in 1872 with Professor Robert Wilhelm Bunsen. In 1874, he received his doctorate and then returned to Berlin. He began teaching as an assistant, initially in the inorganic chemistry department, before becoming an associate professor in 1886. Gabriel later turned to organic chemistry in his own research.[citation needed]
One of Gabriel’s most significant contributions to organic chemistry was made in 1887, when he discovered the Gabriel Synthesis with his partner James Dornbush. The Gabriel Synthesis is a reaction which synthesizes pure primary amines, involving the reaction of potassium phthalimide with an alkyl halide, followed by hydrolysis. The Gabriel Synthesis was adapted by Gabriel in 1889 to a procedure for the preparation of amino acids.[citation needed]
In 1891 Gabriel synthesized pyrrolidine from l-amino-4-chlorobutane, and in 1892, using the same procedure, he prepared piperidine from 1-amino- 5-chloropentane. He was the first to prepare phthalazine in 1893 and, with his student James Colman, pyrimidine in 1899. In 1900, he devised a simpler method for obtaining pyrimidine using barbituric acid, and in 1903 he first prepared quinazoline. Gabriel also investigated oxazole, thiazole, and their derivatives.
Gabriel reported what became the Robinson–Gabriel Synthesis in 1910. In 1913, he was appointed full honorary professor at the University of Berlin, a position he retired from in 1921.[citation needed]
Siegmund Gabriel was born on November 7, 1851 in Berlin, the youngest of factory owner Aron Gabriel and his wife Golchen (Golde) née Pollnow's six children.[1] His father owned a trimmings factory in Berlin.
On August 28, 1883, he married Anna née Fränkel, who was born on April 26, 1862 in Neustadt in Upper Silesia as the daughter of the entrepreneur Abraham Fränkel and his first wife Friederike née Caro. Siegmund and Anna Gabriel had two sons: Ernst, born in 1885, became a dermatologist and later earned his living as a chicken farmer after his emigration to Israel;[2] Kurt, born in 1896, became a dentist and was able to continue to work in this profession after emigrating to New Zealand.
Siegmund Gabriel died in Berlin on March 22, 1924.[3]
His widow Anna Gabriel was deported during the holocaust to Theresienstadt on October 30, 1942. She perished there on April 4, 1943.[4]
^Gould, John; Bayfield, Gabriel; Gould, Elizabeth; Gould, John; Hullmandel, Charles Joseph; Lear, Edward; Owen, Richard; Scharf, George; Temminck, C.J. (1833). A monograph of the Ramphastidae, or family of toucans. London: Published by the author, 20, Broad Street, Golden Square. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.156984.
James Colman (1926). "Siegmund Gabriel. A. Persönlicher Teil". Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft. 59 (2): A7–A26. doi:10.1002/cber.19260590242.
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siegmund, gabriel, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, march, 2022, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, . This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations March 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message Siegmund Gabriel 7 November 1851 22 March 1924 was a German chemist Siegmund GabrielSiegmund GabrielBorn 1851 11 07 7 November 1851Berlin GermanyDied22 March 1924 1924 03 22 aged 72 Berlin GermanyNationalityGermanAlma materUniversity of HeidelbergKnown forGabriel SynthesisScientific careerInstitutionsUniversity of BerlinScientific career EditSiegmund Gabriel began studying chemistry at the University of Berlin in 1871 He continued his studies at the University of Heidelberg in 1872 with Professor Robert Wilhelm Bunsen In 1874 he received his doctorate and then returned to Berlin He began teaching as an assistant initially in the inorganic chemistry department before becoming an associate professor in 1886 Gabriel later turned to organic chemistry in his own research citation needed One of Gabriel s most significant contributions to organic chemistry was made in 1887 when he discovered the Gabriel Synthesis with his partner James Dornbush The Gabriel Synthesis is a reaction which synthesizes pure primary amines involving the reaction of potassium phthalimide with an alkyl halide followed by hydrolysis The Gabriel Synthesis was adapted by Gabriel in 1889 to a procedure for the preparation of amino acids citation needed In 1891 Gabriel synthesized pyrrolidine from l amino 4 chlorobutane and in 1892 using the same procedure he prepared piperidine from 1 amino 5 chloropentane He was the first to prepare phthalazine in 1893 and with his student James Colman pyrimidine in 1899 In 1900 he devised a simpler method for obtaining pyrimidine using barbituric acid and in 1903 he first prepared quinazoline Gabriel also investigated oxazole thiazole and their derivatives Gabriel reported what became the Robinson Gabriel Synthesis in 1910 In 1913 he was appointed full honorary professor at the University of Berlin a position he retired from in 1921 citation needed Gabriel was a member of the German Chemical Society and served on its board for many years citation needed Personal life EditSiegmund Gabriel was born on November 7 1851 in Berlin the youngest of factory owner Aron Gabriel and his wife Golchen Golde nee Pollnow s six children 1 His father owned a trimmings factory in Berlin On August 28 1883 he married Anna nee Frankel who was born on April 26 1862 in Neustadt in Upper Silesia as the daughter of the entrepreneur Abraham Frankel and his first wife Friederike nee Caro Siegmund and Anna Gabriel had two sons Ernst born in 1885 became a dermatologist and later earned his living as a chicken farmer after his emigration to Israel 2 Kurt born in 1896 became a dentist and was able to continue to work in this profession after emigrating to New Zealand Siegmund Gabriel died in Berlin on March 22 1924 3 His widow Anna Gabriel was deported during the holocaust to Theresienstadt on October 30 1942 She perished there on April 4 1943 4 Original documents from Siegmund Gabriel s estate have been kept at the Leo Baeck Institute in New York since 1979 5 References Edit Ernst Aron Gabriel geni family tree Retrieved 2022 12 09 Dr Ernst Gabriel geni family tree Retrieved 2022 12 09 Prof Dr Siegmund Gabriel geni family tree Retrieved 2022 12 09 Anna Gabriel geni family tree Retrieved 2022 12 09 Gould John Bayfield Gabriel Gould Elizabeth Gould John Hullmandel Charles Joseph Lear Edward Owen Richard Scharf George Temminck C J 1833 A monograph of the Ramphastidae or family of toucans London Published by the author 20 Broad Street Golden Square doi 10 5962 bhl title 156984 James Colman 1926 Siegmund Gabriel A Personlicher Teil Berichte der Deutschen Chemischen Gesellschaft 59 2 A7 A26 doi 10 1002 cber 19260590242 This article about a German chemist is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Siegmund Gabriel amp oldid 1129676886, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
