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A shepherd's dial (also known as a pillar dial or cylinder) is a type of sundial that measures the height of the sun via the so-called umbra versa.[1] Its design needs to incorporate a fixed latitude, but it is small and portable. It is named after Pyrenean shepherds, who would trace such a sundial on their staffs. This type of sundial was very popular in the 16th, 17th, and 18th centuries.
Since the ancient Roman era, people have created sundials which tell the time by measuring differences in the sun's height above the horizon over the course of the day – Vitruvius describes them as viatoria pensilia.[2] The earliest description of a shepherd's dial as known today was written by Hermann of Reichenau, an 11th-century Benedictine monk, who called it a cylindrus horarius. It was also known in the Middle Ages as a chilinder oxoniensis (Oxford cylinder). Such sundials did not need aligning north-south and so became very popular,[3] appearing in Renaissance artworks such as Holbein's 1528 Portrait of Nicolaus Kratzer and his 1533 The Ambassadors.[4]
A Slovenian shepherd's dial is a flat dial in the shape of a sector of a circle. It is hung vertically and measures the altitude of the sun. A movable peg adjusts for the changing seasons.[5]
Referencesedit
^Kren, Claudia (July 1977). "The Traveler's Dial in the Late Middle Ages: The Chilinder". Society for the History of Technology. 18 (3): 419–435.
^De Solla Price, Derek (1969). "Portable sundials in the antiquity". Centaurus. 14: 242–266.
^Mills, Allan A. (1996). "Altitude sundials for seasonal and equal hours". Annals of Science. 53 (1): 75–85. doi:10.1080/00033799600200121.
^Stebbins, F. A. (1962). "The Astronomical Instruments in Holbein's "Ambassadors"". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. 56: 45. Bibcode:1962JRASC..56...45S.
shepherd, dial, help, expand, this, article, with, text, translated, from, corresponding, article, spanish, march, 2018, click, show, important, translation, instructions, view, machine, translated, version, spanish, article, machine, translation, like, deepl,. You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Spanish March 2018 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Spanish article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 5 140 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Spanish Wikipedia article at es Reloj de pastor see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated es Reloj de pastor to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation A shepherd s dial also known as a pillar dial or cylinder is a type of sundial that measures the height of the sun via the so called umbra versa 1 Its design needs to incorporate a fixed latitude but it is small and portable It is named after Pyrenean shepherds who would trace such a sundial on their staffs This type of sundial was very popular in the 16th 17th and 18th centuries A typical shepherd s staff with a gnomon that produces a shadow on a scale of months Contents 1 History 2 Concept 3 Characteristics 4 Variants 5 ReferencesHistory editSince the ancient Roman era people have created sundials which tell the time by measuring differences in the sun s height above the horizon over the course of the day Vitruvius describes them as viatoria pensilia 2 The earliest description of a shepherd s dial as known today was written by Hermann of Reichenau an 11th century Benedictine monk who called it a cylindrus horarius It was also known in the Middle Ages as a chilinder oxoniensis Oxford cylinder Such sundials did not need aligning north south and so became very popular 3 appearing in Renaissance artworks such as Holbein s 1528 Portrait of Nicolaus Kratzer and his 1533 The Ambassadors 4 Concept editMain article Diurnal motionCharacteristics editVariants editA Slovenian shepherd s dial is a flat dial in the shape of a sector of a circle It is hung vertically and measures the altitude of the sun A movable peg adjusts for the changing seasons 5 References edit Kren Claudia July 1977 The Traveler s Dial in the Late Middle Ages The Chilinder Society for the History of Technology 18 3 419 435 De Solla Price Derek 1969 Portable sundials in the antiquity Centaurus 14 242 266 Mills Allan A 1996 Altitude sundials for seasonal and equal hours Annals of Science 53 1 75 85 doi 10 1080 00033799600200121 Stebbins F A 1962 The Astronomical Instruments in Holbein s Ambassadors Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 56 45 Bibcode 1962JRASC 56 45S Webzine Sloveniana Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shepherd 27s dial amp oldid 1115038737, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
