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Wonersh

Wonersh is a village and civil parish in the Waverley district of Surrey, England and Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. Wonersh contains three Conservation Areas and spans an area three to six miles SSE of Guildford.

Wonersh
Village and civil parish
Wonersh Village Stores and The Street
Part of the village and Surrey Hills AONB
Wonersh
Location within Surrey
Area17.18 km2 (6.63 sq mi)
Population3,412 (Civil Parish 2011)[1]
• Density199/km2 (520/sq mi)
OS grid referenceTQ016453
Civil parish
  • Wonersh
District
Shire county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townGuildford
Postcode districtGU5
Dialling code01483
PoliceSurrey
FireSurrey
AmbulanceSouth East Coast
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Surrey
51°11′54″N 0°32′48″W / 51.1983°N 0.5468°W / 51.1983; -0.5468

In the outer London commuter belt, the village is 28 miles (45 km) southwest of London. Wonersh's economy is predominantly a service sector economy[n 1]. Three architecturally-listed churches are within its boundaries as are a number of notable homes such as Frank Cook's 1905 hilltop mansion, which is a hotel, business and wedding venue.

Etymology edit

State records show the name as Wonherche, (14th century); Ognersh and Ignersh, (16th and 17th centuries).[2] The form Woghenersh, in a Charter roll of 1305, indicates the (Old English) formation (aet) wogan ersce, 'at the crooked field'.[3]

History edit

Pre-Roman settlement edit

Finds have been found in the hamlet and forest of Blackheath of mesolithic (Stone Age) flint implements[4] and near Chinthurst Hill.[2]

Middle Ages edit

 
Church of St John the Baptist

Based on foundations and core of the church, a settlement has existed in Wonersh village centre since Anglo-Saxon times.[5][n 2]

Wonersh is not named in the Domesday Book of 1086. All the six manors: Tangley or Great Tangley; Little Tangley; Halldish; Losterford/Lostiford above the intact mill and mill house by the village;[6] Rowleys and; Chinthurst (partly in Shalford) were later built on lands then in Bramley and Shalford.[2] Great Tangley Manor in 1582 became the residence of John and Lettice Carrill and descended to their grandson John Carrill (d. 1656) and his widow Hester, who secondly married Sir Francis Duncombe.[7][8]

The church of Wonersh was formerly a chapel (of Shalford), and as such the advowson (right to appoint the vicar) was in the presentation of the King who later transferred it to St Mary without Bishopsgate in London; after this it was held by a line of nobles until bought in the 19th century by the lord of the manor.[2] As a chapel, the great tithes were commuted for £700 and the lesser for the vicar for £17.[7][n 3]

Post Renaissance edit

 
The Grantley Arms, Little Grantley Cottage, "pepper pot" and part of The Sheiling
 
Mid-16th-century buildings

Until Charity Commission amalgamation in 1908, Wonersh had charity endowments paying out for its poor: John Austen of Shalford left money for poor relief in 1620. Henry Chennell of Wonersh left land whose produce was to be devoted to putting six poor boys to school from 1672. A Mr Gwynne of London gave land and bank stock in 1698 to put four poor boys to school and to distribute bread to fifteen poor persons every Sunday after service.[2] Manorial fortunes became more muted from 1700 to 1900 during the Industrial Revolution – seeing almost all of their farm lands being sold up for lack of scale or produce.

Wonersh was one of the flourishing seats of the clothing trade in West Surrey. The special manufacture was blue cloth, dyed, no doubt, with woad, licence to grow which was asked in the neighbourhood in the 16th century.[2]

Wonersh Park was a lightly wooded park now public Green in front of and beside the church. Through the park runs a small stream and its 17th century stone gatehouse houses a protected species of bat.[9] Wonersh Park, a 17th-century mansion, was demolished in 1935.[10] Owners were: the original owner of the demolished building Richard Gwynn, who died in 1701, and it passed by issue's marriage to 1710 Sir William Chapple, serjeant-at-law and later judge who probably rebuilt it; later passing in 1741 to Fletcher Norton, 1st Baron Grantley of Grantley in Yorkshire, leading government lawyer created Lord Grantley in 1782. His family held Wonersh Park until 1884 on a sale to Mr. Sudbury.

In 1848 Cranleigh Waters here was used for coal, building materials and agricultural produce as part of the Wey and Arun Canal and the west boundary formed an economic draw for the village. Northbrook's mill was a fulling mill, used for dressing leather for making saddles, straps, bags and garments. Shamley Green was formed into a parish from Wonersh in 1881 at which time the 1st Baron Ashcombe did not part with the advowson of Shamley Green, but did of Wonersh, to Selwyn College, Cambridge.

In 1905 Barnett Hill was chosen to be built on for the first time, by Frank Cook, the grandson of Thomas Cook, who lavished £35,000 on constructing a Queen Anne-style mansion. The house later passed to the Red Cross who owned it until 2006 – today, it is a hotel, conference and events venue managed by the Sundial Group.[11] The house is now Grade II* listed.[12]

Geography edit

 
Waverley map showing the location of Wonersh Parish

Flanked by two round hills, Chinthurst Hill 121 m (397 ft) north west of the village and Barnett Hill 112 m (367 ft) east of the village, the village centre ranges between 40 and 50 m (130 and 160 ft) above sea level. Two-thirds of the pine heath and mixed forest-covered high ground Blackheath is included in Wonersh as are the settlements/neighbourhoods of Shamley Green, Blackheath, Ridgebridge Hill, Whipley, Plonk's Hill, Woodhill, Lordshill Common and Norley Common.

Spanning 3 to 6 miles (4.8 to 9.7 km) SSE of Guildford.[13] and in the outer London commuter belt, the centre of the village is 28 miles (45 km) southwest of London.[13]

Grassy expanses of Smithwood Common in the south and Wonersh Common in the north are in the civil parish; over 2,000 acres (810 ha) of the southeast is Winterfold Wood and Heath an ancient forest part of the Weald, with parts managed by Surrey Wildlife Trust.[14][15]

Elevations, geology and soil edit

The parish rises from west to east up the eroded basin of Cranleigh Waters holding the villages to the flint, clay, greensand and sandy soil topped Greensand Ridge. Elevations vary from 39 m (128 ft) AOD by the Bramley/Wonersh bridge over the stream to 207 m (679 ft) at the car park on Winterfold Hill, Winterfold Heath.[13]

Geologically the landscape demonstrates the contrast between the retention of the top of the Greensand Ridge from coastal deposition (geology) followed by avoiding sea rise changes and the formation of the lower Weald because of water erosion on the three-county-sized calciferous and sandy beds south of this ridge. The Ridge forms the highest hills in the south east, excluding the southwest Berkshire Downs.[16]

Soil is slowly permeable loamy/clayey slightly acid but base-rich soil except for the higher ground including Blackheath which is slightly acid only freely draining sandy soils containing small areas of wet impeded drainage heathland soil.[17]

Demography and housing edit

2011 Census Homes
Output area Detached Semi-detached Terraced Flats and apartments Caravans/temporary/mobile homes shared between households[1]
(Civil Parish) 752 423 105 87 8 0

The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28%, the average that was apartments was 22.6%.

2011 Census Key Statistics
Output area Population Households % Owned outright % Owned with a loan hectares[1]
(Civil Parish) 3,412 1,375 48.7% 33.8% 1,718

The proportion of households in the civil parish who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35.1%. The proportion who owned their home with a loan compares to the regional average of 32.5%. The remaining % is made up of rented dwellings (plus a negligible % of households living rent-free).

In 2001, Wonersh parish contained 3,297 residents of which 19.8% were aged over 65; 5.2% of the population were in full-time further education; 75.5% of all men were economically active whereas 2.2% were unemployed, 4.8% worked part-time; 57.6% of all women were economically active whereas 1.7% were unemployed, 34.8% worked part-time.[18]

Wonersh's economy is predominantly a service sector economy reflected by the lower end of the official categorisation table of occupation given, compiled from the 2001 census:

Category Number of adults in category in 2001 Percentage of those aged 16–74
Lower supervisory and technical occupations 93 3.9%
Semi-routine occupations 160 6.3%
Routine occupations 94 4%[18]

Whereas in this census, 34.6% of the population worked in middle or higher professional occupations.

Economy edit

Wonersh's economy is predominantly a service sector economy with its access to Shalford and Guildford stations and road links to the Compton interchange of the A3 road from Shalford it is part of the London Commuter Belt.[citation needed] Large eastern areas are managed by workers from Surrey Wildlife Trust and the commons and sports grounds are supported by woodsmen, woodswomen and maintenance staff funded by Parish Councils.[9]

Culture and community edit

Many of the societies and clubs in the villages of Wonersh and Shamley Green are community-run without parish council intervention or support such as amateur dramatics and sports clubs. However cricket grounds, paths, commons and events are sponsored and organised by the village associations and the Wonersh Parish Council.[9] Shamley Green has two village halls for private and community events.[19]

Sports edit

Wonersh village green where local teams play football, cricket and stoolball. The sports club have built a pavilion there with a bar, meeting room and changing facilities.[9]

Wonersh Bowling Club is situated in the heart of the village at the end of a lane behind the Memorial Hall. It has a close view of Chinthurst Hill. The club was founded in 1925 by J.M. Courage, F. H. Cook, R. H. Haslam and F. Rogerson. The club is affiliated to both the English and Surrey Bowling Associations.

The bowling green, comprising six full sized rinks, is maintained by a team of groundsmen who are, themselves, active bowling members of the club. The pavilion has, in addition to the usual changing rooms and dining area, a kitchen and fully licensed bar. The bowling season runs from the beginning of April through to the end of September.

Societies edit

Wonersh Players are a well established amateur dramatic society that write, produce and perform their own pantomimes. The Wonersh Players have been in existence since 1982,[20] always performing at the Wonersh Memorial Hall, usually during the February half term holiday, with rehearsals starting the previous October.

In 1993 Wonersh History Society was formed to preserve and build on a quantity of historical material and notes gathered over many years by the late Anthony Fanshaw. Much of this archive is now being transferred to the Society's computer data base and will be available.

A social club named Wonersh Village Club, which was founded about 110 years ago. It provides a venue for playing snooker, billiards, darts and all manner of card games.

There is an active Wonersh U3A and a Gardening Club.[9]

Localities edit

 
URC Church, Wonersh

The painted glass is all modern and exceptionally good, especially that in the east window of the north chapel, with figures of St. George and St. Alban.
A few slight traces of mediæval colour decoration remain, as on the voussoirs of the chancel arch. H. E. Malden 1911[2]

 
Stained Glass at
St John the Baptist church
 
Blackheath, Surrey
 
Shamley Green – buildings including The Red Lion Inn

Wonersh is situated in a gap between two steep hills in front of Cranleigh Waters: Chinthurst Hill with wooded paths and land managed by Surrey Wildlife Trust[14] which had a manor on it and now has a folly and a listed farm at its foot[15] and Barnett Hill.

In a meadow by this stream the Church of England church is called St John the Baptist which had tower crenellations added in 1751,[5] has a 12th-century bell tower, 13th-century chancel, 15th-century north chapel and 1793 south aisle[n 4] including transept.[5] The ecclesiastical parish is joined with Blackheath and lies within the Guildford diocese.[21]

There is also a United Reformed church which overlooks the village common. There is a large college built in 1891 (St John's Seminary) for the training of Roman Catholic priests,[22] built in the Italian Renaissance style.[2]

Wonersh has a village shop and post office which is owned by a village co-operative. There is also a small art gallery next door. A scout group trains and enriches the lives of young people in the village. The Grantley Arms is the central pub/restaurant, which is often used for functions and also has a bar food menu. Both the shop and the pub are situated in the centre of the village by the pepper pot, which is a small shelter.[15]

Doctors have the area's surgery opposite the post office. Its purpose-built right wing was opened in 1972 and extended in 1982.[9]

Blackheath edit

Blackheath is often called Blackheath Village[23] to distinguish it from Blackheath in south east London. The settlement appears in the Domesday Book as Blacheatfeld. Blackheath as a hundred (not marked on its Surrey map, which shows only Domesday manors), an administrative area, where local leaders met about once a month.[24] Blackheath is architecturally a Victorian heathland settlement with pioneering Arts and Crafts movement buildings by Harrison Townsend.[25] Its church, which has remarkable stained glass (see Landmarks) is a listed building. It is a lightly wooded east–west lineal settlement in the elevated, wooded heath.[15] St Martin's church, built in 1893 based upon the design of an Italian wayside chapel, contains some wall painting from 1894/5 by the American artist Anna Lea Merritt.

Shamley Green edit

Shamley Green has a number of thriving social organisations including the Village Association, History Society and Gardening Club.
Wonersh Parish Council[19]

Shamley Green is a village part of the Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty between Wonersh and Cranleigh. It is bordered on the east by Blackheath and in the west by Cranleigh Waters. Blackheath is separated by farmland and footpaths in Reelhall Hill and Woodhill.[15] Two 300m footpaths, traversing Lordshill Common, connect the middle of the village to The Wey South Path from Guildford to Cranleigh which was historically the Cranleigh Railway Line.[15]

The parish church of Christ Church, Shamley Green, was completed in 1864, initially as a daughter church of the Wonersh parish.[26] The adjacent Old Vicarage, now a private home, was built for the first vicar, the Reverend Edgar Bowring.[27]

Two areas of public open space in the village include the Cricket Green that hosts occasional summer fairs.[19] The Red Lion and the Bricklayers Arms are pubs in the village. There are several shops and there are schools. Shamley Green Conservation Area contains 22 listed buildings with 10 others on the village outskirts.[15][28] Shamley Green is a 5 ha (12-acre) area of common land, the majority of which is owned by the parish council. The area is predominantly open grassland and part of it is used as a cricket pitch.[29] None of the buildings in Shamley Green are graded Grade I or II*.[15]

In 2013, BBC Two featured the village in the Horizon episode The Secret Life of the Cat,[30] stating that Shamley Green has the highest density feline population in the United Kingdom.[31]

Willinghurst Copses forming the west of Winterfold Forest and Heath edit

This forested area of the southeast adjoins Winterfold Forest. In its middle is Willingshurst House, an 1887 Arts and Crafts property by Philip Webb, sometimes called the father of arts and crafts and son of commercial and residential buildings architect Sir Aston Webb.[32] Spring Wood, The Shaws, The Ball; Madgehole, South, Great, Dean, Pithouse, Rock and Lapscombe Copses are the names for sections of the forest. A car park is on top of Winterfold Heath on the Cranleigh parish boundary in the middle of the southern Winterfold Heath section.[15]

South of the main forest is a series of 11 woodland lakes – one is large enough to allow boats – used for fishing and woodland walks.

Landmarks edit

Wonersh Conservation Area contains 27 listed buildings[15][33] – at least ten of which are early and late Tudor period – however none in the highest Grade I category.[10] Just north of the village centre however is the only Grade I listed building, moated Great Tangley Manor.

The Dower House edit

Architecturally Grade II*-listed the Dower House is the largest building on a long residential lane off Cranleigh Road, Barnett Lane at the end east of the street.[34] In 1710 most all of its exterior was built – the date of foundations and chimneys is uncertain – in red brick with plain hipped tiles and five 12-pane glazing bar sash windows to its first floor.[34] Its architectural features represent typical authentic Queen Anne style architecture.

Wonersh Court edit

At the opposite end of The Street behind a large listed entrance arch, are eight courtyard townhouses, the original stables and parade ring to the demolished mansion Wonersh Park, converted and divided in 1745–1759 by the owner Sir Fletcher Norton, first Lord Grantley. Red and brown brick with some blue brick headers in arches over windows, painted weatherboard to first floor of rear (south) range. Architecturally the building is Grade II-listed.[35]

Great Tangley Manor edit

In the 15th century a hall house core was built on its motte that remains in the very core of the manor, but its main portion was built by Richard Caryll in 1584.[36] Wickham Flower employed Philip Webb to restore and extend the house in 1884 and in 1906 Colonel Hegan Kennard employed Inigo Thomas to build the north wing.

Set a few metres above a narrow square moat, Great Tangley Manor has been well preserved and has been made the subject of many paintings as have its garden and lily pond[n 5], well described and illustrated.[2] A long entrance tunnel added by Philip Webb, with one sandstone and brick wall and open timber 12-bay arcade on the other, crosses the moat.[36] This medieval and Elizabethan building is Grade I listed and has Victorian gardens.[36] The main front facing south-east is decorative timber frame with whitewashed render infill and remainder is brick and whitewashed extensions on the south wing, ashlar ground floor and roughcast above on rounded north wing.

Barnett Hill edit

Architecturally Grade II*-listed Barnett Hill's social history is described in History, its architect was Arnold Mitchell who chose an expensive and ornate masonry Carolean style.[12] Purple/brown bricks with red brick and yellow stone dressings form its walls. Roofing consists of hipped plain tiled several roof slopes over a wooden eaves cornice around its roof, incorporating dormer windows. Spread over three above ground floors the venue is on a short H-shaped plan with a long service wing in an identical style. Ground floor windows have 24 panes each and keystone lintels. In the angles between wings are square turrets and a recessed range under copper ogee domes with spherical finials.[12]

Christ Church, Shamley Green edit

Christ Church is towards the end of the main street (B road) towards Cranleigh in the south of Shamley Green and is a Grade II listed building.[37] The churchyard is the resting pace of television presenter Tony Hart who lived in the village for more than 40 years.[38]

St Martin's Church Blackheath edit

 
St Martin's Church. Murals by Anna Lea Merritt

Colourful stained glass and imposing arches are in Blackheath's Grade II-listed church, St Martin's,[39] which is its only listed building.[40] The murals are by the American artist Anna Lea Merritt.

Chinthurst Hill edit

A 1930s folly tower tops this 397-foot (121-metre above sea level) knoll. Surrey Wildlife Trust manage the hill's woodland and tower. It is the 31st highest hill in the county and a stand-alone outcrop of the Greensand Ridge which restarts in parishes east and west on its course from Hampshire to Kent.[41]

Transport edit

The main road through Wonersh is the B2128, which links the village to Shamley Green, Cranleigh and Guildford.[42] The nearest railway station is Shalford railway station on the Reading to Gatwick Airport via Guildford Line.

Education edit

  • Shamley Green Montessori Pre-School, closed around 2017
  • Wonersh Preschool
  • Wonersh and Shamley Green C of E Primary School
  • Longacre School, ages 2–11 (independent)

Other notable residents edit

  • William Howard Seth-Smith III (1852–1928), architect, born in the hamlet of Tangley
  • Tony Hart (1925–2009), artist and TV presenter, lived in Shamley Green for more than 40 years.
  • The Irish actor Max Adrian died in Shamley Green in 1973.

See also edit

References edit

Notes
  1. ^ In 2001, 34.6% of the population worked in lower or higher professional occupations, see Economy
  2. ^ The key state archives consulted by the historian Malden are the annual Assize Rolls, Kings/Queens Letters ie Letters Patent Roll known as the Patent Rolls, Close Roll, Charter Roll, Manorial rolls and Feet of Fines
  3. ^ There is no mention of any glebe so no Chancel repair liability seems not to apply; the extent of the rectorial manor of Shalford did not extend to Wonersh[2][7]
  4. ^ This part of the church was funded by Lord Grantley
  5. ^ Painted by e.g. James S. Ogilvy Thomas H. Hunn (1857–1928) painted at least five paintings, e.g., 1, also see Ernest Arthur Rowe (1862–1922) Rowe Rowe v.2, Charles Neal (b. 1951),
References
  1. ^ a b c Key Statistics; Quick Statistics: Population Density United Kingdom Census 2011 Office for National Statistics Retrieved 21 November 2013
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j H. E. Malden, ed. (1911). "Parishes: Wonersh". A History of the County of Surrey: Volume 3. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
  3. ^ E. Ekwall, The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place-Names (3rd Edn), (Oxford: Clarendon Press 1947), p. 505.
  4. ^ Four page manuscript in the Cowie Collection Location: Library of the Surrey Archaeological Society, Castle Arch, Guildford see Catalogue
  5. ^ a b c St John the Baptist – Grade II* listing Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241510)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  6. ^ Wonersh Mill Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1389457)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
    Wonersh Millhouse Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241296)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  7. ^ a b c Samuel Lewis, ed. (1848). "Wombleton – Woodbury". A Topographical Dictionary of England. Institute of Historical Research. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  8. ^ H.E. Malden (ed.), 'Parishes: Wonersh', A History of the County of Surrey (VCH): Volume 3 (1911), pp. 121–127.
  9. ^ a b c d e f Wonersh main menu – Wonersh Parish Council re three greens.
  10. ^ a b Waverley Borough Council – Wonersh Conservation Area main menu
  11. ^ Barnett Hill House – Sundial Events
  12. ^ a b c Barnett Hill House – Grade II* listing Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241148)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  13. ^ a b c Grid reference Finder measurement tools
  14. ^ a b Surrey Wildlife Trust
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Map created by Ordnance Survey, courtesy of English Heritage
  16. ^ Natural England – Geodiversity 2 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine
  17. ^ Cranfield University National Soil Resources Institute
  18. ^ a b
  19. ^ a b c Shamley Green main menu – Wonersh Parish Council
  20. ^ Wonersh Players
  21. ^ Wonersh Church
  22. ^ St John's Seminary
  23. ^ Blackheath village website
  24. ^ Surrey Domesday Book 15 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine
  25. ^ Blackheath Conservation Area
  26. ^ "History". Shamley Green Church and Parish. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
  27. ^ Joyner, Lisa. "Former Victorian vicarage with eight bedrooms for sale in Surrey". House Beautiful. Retrieved 14 May 2023.
  28. ^ Shamley Green Conservation Area
  29. ^ "Shamley Green Commons Enhancement & Management Plan" (PDF). Wonersh Parish Council. May 2011. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  30. ^ "BBC Two - Horizon, 2012-2013, The Secret Life of the Cat". BBC.
  31. ^ "Secret life of the cat: What do our feline companions get up to?". Science & Environment. BBC News. 12 June 2013. Retrieved 1 August 2015.
  32. ^ Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241361)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  33. ^ Conservation Area Map – Wonersh
  34. ^ a b Dower House Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241146)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  35. ^ Wonersh Court – apartments Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241348)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  36. ^ a b c Great Tangley Manor / Great Tangley Manor West, one building Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241348)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  37. ^ Christ Church – Grade II listing Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241153)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  38. ^ "Funeral for TV artist Tony Hart". BBC News. 29 January 2009. Retrieved 26 March 2010.
  39. ^ Blackheath: Church of St Martin Historic England. "Details from listed building database (1241151)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 2 November 2012.
  40. ^ Stained Glass Windows at St. Martin, Blackheath, Surrey
  41. ^ Database of British and Irish Hills Retrieved 6 March 2015
  42. ^ "Blackheath · Shamley Green · Wonersh : Village design statement" (PDF). Wonersh Parish Council. 2005. p. 5. Retrieved 4 October 2023.

External links edit

  Media related to Wonersh at Wikimedia Commons

  • Whole Parish main menu – Wonersh Parish Council
  • Wonersh main menu – Wonersh Parish Council
  • Blackheath, Shamley Green, Wonersh Village Design Statement
  • Wonersh Our Village, with information about the people of Wonersh, and their families

Shamley Green edit

  • Shamley Green main menu – Wonersh Parish Council
  • Stained Glass Windows at Christ Church, Shamley Green, Surrey
  • Archive pictures

Blackheath edit

  • Blackheath main menu – Wonersh Parish Council

wonersh, village, civil, parish, waverley, district, surrey, england, surrey, hills, area, outstanding, natural, beauty, contains, three, conservation, areas, spans, area, three, miles, guildford, village, civil, parish, village, stores, streetpart, village, s. Wonersh is a village and civil parish in the Waverley district of Surrey England and Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Wonersh contains three Conservation Areas and spans an area three to six miles SSE of Guildford WonershVillage and civil parishWonersh Village Stores and The StreetPart of the village and Surrey Hills AONBWonershLocation within SurreyArea17 18 km2 6 63 sq mi Population3 412 Civil Parish 2011 1 Density199 km2 520 sq mi OS grid referenceTQ016453Civil parishWonershDistrictWaverleyShire countySurreyRegionSouth EastCountryEnglandSovereign stateUnited KingdomPost townGuildfordPostcode districtGU5Dialling code01483PoliceSurreyFireSurreyAmbulanceSouth East CoastUK ParliamentGuildfordList of places UK England Surrey 51 11 54 N 0 32 48 W 51 1983 N 0 5468 W 51 1983 0 5468In the outer London commuter belt the village is 28 miles 45 km southwest of London Wonersh s economy is predominantly a service sector economy n 1 Three architecturally listed churches are within its boundaries as are a number of notable homes such as Frank Cook s 1905 hilltop mansion which is a hotel business and wedding venue Contents 1 Etymology 2 History 2 1 Pre Roman settlement 2 2 Middle Ages 2 3 Post Renaissance 3 Geography 3 1 Elevations geology and soil 4 Demography and housing 5 Economy 6 Culture and community 6 1 Sports 6 2 Societies 7 Localities 7 1 Blackheath 7 2 Shamley Green 7 3 Willinghurst Copses forming the west of Winterfold Forest and Heath 8 Landmarks 8 1 The Dower House 8 2 Wonersh Court 8 3 Great Tangley Manor 8 4 Barnett Hill 8 5 Christ Church Shamley Green 8 6 St Martin s Church Blackheath 8 7 Chinthurst Hill 9 Transport 10 Education 11 Other notable residents 12 See also 13 References 14 External links 14 1 Shamley Green 14 2 BlackheathEtymology editState records show the name as Wonherche 14th century Ognersh and Ignersh 16th and 17th centuries 2 The form Woghenersh in a Charter roll of 1305 indicates the Old English formation aet wogan ersce at the crooked field 3 History editPre Roman settlement edit Finds have been found in the hamlet and forest of Blackheath of mesolithic Stone Age flint implements 4 and near Chinthurst Hill 2 Middle Ages edit nbsp Church of St John the BaptistBased on foundations and core of the church a settlement has existed in Wonersh village centre since Anglo Saxon times 5 n 2 Wonersh is not named in the Domesday Book of 1086 All the six manors Tangley or Great Tangley Little Tangley Halldish Losterford Lostiford above the intact mill and mill house by the village 6 Rowleys and Chinthurst partly in Shalford were later built on lands then in Bramley and Shalford 2 Great Tangley Manor in 1582 became the residence of John and Lettice Carrill and descended to their grandson John Carrill d 1656 and his widow Hester who secondly married Sir Francis Duncombe 7 8 The church of Wonersh was formerly a chapel of Shalford and as such the advowson right to appoint the vicar was in the presentation of the King who later transferred it to St Mary without Bishopsgate in London after this it was held by a line of nobles until bought in the 19th century by the lord of the manor 2 As a chapel the great tithes were commuted for 700 and the lesser for the vicar for 17 7 n 3 Post Renaissance edit nbsp The Grantley Arms Little Grantley Cottage pepper pot and part of The Sheiling nbsp Mid 16th century buildingsUntil Charity Commission amalgamation in 1908 Wonersh had charity endowments paying out for its poor John Austen of Shalford left money for poor relief in 1620 Henry Chennell of Wonersh left land whose produce was to be devoted to putting six poor boys to school from 1672 A Mr Gwynne of London gave land and bank stock in 1698 to put four poor boys to school and to distribute bread to fifteen poor persons every Sunday after service 2 Manorial fortunes became more muted from 1700 to 1900 during the Industrial Revolution seeing almost all of their farm lands being sold up for lack of scale or produce Wonersh was one of the flourishing seats of the clothing trade in West Surrey The special manufacture was blue cloth dyed no doubt with woad licence to grow which was asked in the neighbourhood in the 16th century 2 Wonersh Park was a lightly wooded park now public Green in front of and beside the church Through the park runs a small stream and its 17th century stone gatehouse houses a protected species of bat 9 Wonersh Park a 17th century mansion was demolished in 1935 10 Owners were the original owner of the demolished building Richard Gwynn who died in 1701 and it passed by issue s marriage to 1710 Sir William Chapple serjeant at law and later judge who probably rebuilt it later passing in 1741 to Fletcher Norton 1st Baron Grantley of Grantley in Yorkshire leading government lawyer created Lord Grantley in 1782 His family held Wonersh Park until 1884 on a sale to Mr Sudbury In 1848 Cranleigh Waters here was used for coal building materials and agricultural produce as part of the Wey and Arun Canal and the west boundary formed an economic draw for the village Northbrook s mill was a fulling mill used for dressing leather for making saddles straps bags and garments Shamley Green was formed into a parish from Wonersh in 1881 at which time the 1st Baron Ashcombe did not part with the advowson of Shamley Green but did of Wonersh to Selwyn College Cambridge In 1905 Barnett Hill was chosen to be built on for the first time by Frank Cook the grandson of Thomas Cook who lavished 35 000 on constructing a Queen Anne style mansion The house later passed to the Red Cross who owned it until 2006 today it is a hotel conference and events venue managed by the Sundial Group 11 The house is now Grade II listed 12 Geography edit nbsp Waverley map showing the location of Wonersh ParishFlanked by two round hills Chinthurst Hill 121 m 397 ft north west of the village and Barnett Hill 112 m 367 ft east of the village the village centre ranges between 40 and 50 m 130 and 160 ft above sea level Two thirds of the pine heath and mixed forest covered high ground Blackheath is included in Wonersh as are the settlements neighbourhoods of Shamley Green Blackheath Ridgebridge Hill Whipley Plonk s Hill Woodhill Lordshill Common and Norley Common Spanning 3 to 6 miles 4 8 to 9 7 km SSE of Guildford 13 and in the outer London commuter belt the centre of the village is 28 miles 45 km southwest of London 13 Grassy expanses of Smithwood Common in the south and Wonersh Common in the north are in the civil parish over 2 000 acres 810 ha of the southeast is Winterfold Wood and Heath an ancient forest part of the Weald with parts managed by Surrey Wildlife Trust 14 15 Elevations geology and soil edit The parish rises from west to east up the eroded basin of Cranleigh Waters holding the villages to the flint clay greensand and sandy soil topped Greensand Ridge Elevations vary from 39 m 128 ft AOD by the Bramley Wonersh bridge over the stream to 207 m 679 ft at the car park on Winterfold Hill Winterfold Heath 13 Geologically the landscape demonstrates the contrast between the retention of the top of the Greensand Ridge from coastal deposition geology followed by avoiding sea rise changes and the formation of the lower Weald because of water erosion on the three county sized calciferous and sandy beds south of this ridge The Ridge forms the highest hills in the south east excluding the southwest Berkshire Downs 16 Soil is slowly permeable loamy clayey slightly acid but base rich soil except for the higher ground including Blackheath which is slightly acid only freely draining sandy soils containing small areas of wet impeded drainage heathland soil 17 Demography and housing edit2011 Census Homes Output area Detached Semi detached Terraced Flats and apartments Caravans temporary mobile homes shared between households 1 Civil Parish 752 423 105 87 8 0The average level of accommodation in the region composed of detached houses was 28 the average that was apartments was 22 6 2011 Census Key Statistics Output area Population Households Owned outright Owned with a loan hectares 1 Civil Parish 3 412 1 375 48 7 33 8 1 718The proportion of households in the civil parish who owned their home outright compares to the regional average of 35 1 The proportion who owned their home with a loan compares to the regional average of 32 5 The remaining is made up of rented dwellings plus a negligible of households living rent free In 2001 Wonersh parish contained 3 297 residents of which 19 8 were aged over 65 5 2 of the population were in full time further education 75 5 of all men were economically active whereas 2 2 were unemployed 4 8 worked part time 57 6 of all women were economically active whereas 1 7 were unemployed 34 8 worked part time 18 Wonersh s economy is predominantly a service sector economy reflected by the lower end of the official categorisation table of occupation given compiled from the 2001 census Category Number of adults in category in 2001 Percentage of those aged 16 74Lower supervisory and technical occupations 93 3 9 Semi routine occupations 160 6 3 Routine occupations 94 4 18 Whereas in this census 34 6 of the population worked in middle or higher professional occupations Economy editWonersh s economy is predominantly a service sector economy with its access to Shalford and Guildford stations and road links to the Compton interchange of the A3 road from Shalford it is part of the London Commuter Belt citation needed Large eastern areas are managed by workers from Surrey Wildlife Trust and the commons and sports grounds are supported by woodsmen woodswomen and maintenance staff funded by Parish Councils 9 Culture and community editMany of the societies and clubs in the villages of Wonersh and Shamley Green are community run without parish council intervention or support such as amateur dramatics and sports clubs However cricket grounds paths commons and events are sponsored and organised by the village associations and the Wonersh Parish Council 9 Shamley Green has two village halls for private and community events 19 Sports edit Wonersh village green where local teams play football cricket and stoolball The sports club have built a pavilion there with a bar meeting room and changing facilities 9 Wonersh Bowling Club is situated in the heart of the village at the end of a lane behind the Memorial Hall It has a close view of Chinthurst Hill The club was founded in 1925 by J M Courage F H Cook R H Haslam and F Rogerson The club is affiliated to both the English and Surrey Bowling Associations The bowling green comprising six full sized rinks is maintained by a team of groundsmen who are themselves active bowling members of the club The pavilion has in addition to the usual changing rooms and dining area a kitchen and fully licensed bar The bowling season runs from the beginning of April through to the end of September Societies edit Wonersh Players are a well established amateur dramatic society that write produce and perform their own pantomimes The Wonersh Players have been in existence since 1982 20 always performing at the Wonersh Memorial Hall usually during the February half term holiday with rehearsals starting the previous October In 1993 Wonersh History Society was formed to preserve and build on a quantity of historical material and notes gathered over many years by the late Anthony Fanshaw Much of this archive is now being transferred to the Society s computer data base and will be available A social club named Wonersh Village Club which was founded about 110 years ago It provides a venue for playing snooker billiards darts and all manner of card games There is an active Wonersh U3A and a Gardening Club 9 Localities edit nbsp URC Church WonershThe painted glass is all modern and exceptionally good especially that in the east window of the north chapel with figures of St George and St Alban A few slight traces of mediaeval colour decoration remain as on the voussoirs of the chancel arch H E Malden 1911 2 nbsp Stained Glass atSt John the Baptist church nbsp Blackheath Surrey nbsp Shamley Green buildings including The Red Lion InnWonersh is situated in a gap between two steep hills in front of Cranleigh Waters Chinthurst Hill with wooded paths and land managed by Surrey Wildlife Trust 14 which had a manor on it and now has a folly and a listed farm at its foot 15 and Barnett Hill In a meadow by this stream the Church of England church is called St John the Baptist which had tower crenellations added in 1751 5 has a 12th century bell tower 13th century chancel 15th century north chapel and 1793 south aisle n 4 including transept 5 The ecclesiastical parish is joined with Blackheath and lies within the Guildford diocese 21 There is also a United Reformed church which overlooks the village common There is a large college built in 1891 St John s Seminary for the training of Roman Catholic priests 22 built in the Italian Renaissance style 2 Wonersh has a village shop and post office which is owned by a village co operative There is also a small art gallery next door A scout group trains and enriches the lives of young people in the village The Grantley Arms is the central pub restaurant which is often used for functions and also has a bar food menu Both the shop and the pub are situated in the centre of the village by the pepper pot which is a small shelter 15 Doctors have the area s surgery opposite the post office Its purpose built right wing was opened in 1972 and extended in 1982 9 Blackheath edit Blackheath is often called Blackheath Village 23 to distinguish it from Blackheath in south east London The settlement appears in the Domesday Book as Blacheatfeld Blackheath as a hundred not marked on its Surrey map which shows only Domesday manors an administrative area where local leaders met about once a month 24 Blackheath is architecturally a Victorian heathland settlement with pioneering Arts and Crafts movement buildings by Harrison Townsend 25 Its church which has remarkable stained glass see Landmarks is a listed building It is a lightly wooded east west lineal settlement in the elevated wooded heath 15 St Martin s church built in 1893 based upon the design of an Italian wayside chapel contains some wall painting from 1894 5 by the American artist Anna Lea Merritt Shamley Green edit Shamley Green has a number of thriving social organisations including the Village Association History Society and Gardening Club Wonersh Parish Council 19 Shamley Green is a village part of the Surrey Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty between Wonersh and Cranleigh It is bordered on the east by Blackheath and in the west by Cranleigh Waters Blackheath is separated by farmland and footpaths in Reelhall Hill and Woodhill 15 Two 300m footpaths traversing Lordshill Common connect the middle of the village to The Wey South Path from Guildford to Cranleigh which was historically the Cranleigh Railway Line 15 The parish church of Christ Church Shamley Green was completed in 1864 initially as a daughter church of the Wonersh parish 26 The adjacent Old Vicarage now a private home was built for the first vicar the Reverend Edgar Bowring 27 Two areas of public open space in the village include the Cricket Green that hosts occasional summer fairs 19 The Red Lion and the Bricklayers Arms are pubs in the village There are several shops and there are schools Shamley Green Conservation Area contains 22 listed buildings with 10 others on the village outskirts 15 28 Shamley Green is a 5 ha 12 acre area of common land the majority of which is owned by the parish council The area is predominantly open grassland and part of it is used as a cricket pitch 29 None of the buildings in Shamley Green are graded Grade I or II 15 In 2013 BBC Two featured the village in the Horizon episode The Secret Life of the Cat 30 stating that Shamley Green has the highest density feline population in the United Kingdom 31 Willinghurst Copses forming the west of Winterfold Forest and Heath edit This forested area of the southeast adjoins Winterfold Forest In its middle is Willingshurst House an 1887 Arts and Crafts property by Philip Webb sometimes called the father of arts and crafts and son of commercial and residential buildings architect Sir Aston Webb 32 Spring Wood The Shaws The Ball Madgehole South Great Dean Pithouse Rock and Lapscombe Copses are the names for sections of the forest A car park is on top of Winterfold Heath on the Cranleigh parish boundary in the middle of the southern Winterfold Heath section 15 South of the main forest is a series of 11 woodland lakes one is large enough to allow boats used for fishing and woodland walks Landmarks editWonersh Conservation Area contains 27 listed buildings 15 33 at least ten of which are early and late Tudor period however none in the highest Grade I category 10 Just north of the village centre however is the only Grade I listed building moated Great Tangley Manor The Dower House edit Architecturally Grade II listed the Dower House is the largest building on a long residential lane off Cranleigh Road Barnett Lane at the end east of the street 34 In 1710 most all of its exterior was built the date of foundations and chimneys is uncertain in red brick with plain hipped tiles and five 12 pane glazing bar sash windows to its first floor 34 Its architectural features represent typical authentic Queen Anne style architecture Wonersh Court edit At the opposite end of The Street behind a large listed entrance arch are eight courtyard townhouses the original stables and parade ring to the demolished mansion Wonersh Park converted and divided in 1745 1759 by the owner Sir Fletcher Norton first Lord Grantley Red and brown brick with some blue brick headers in arches over windows painted weatherboard to first floor of rear south range Architecturally the building is Grade II listed 35 Great Tangley Manor edit In the 15th century a hall house core was built on its motte that remains in the very core of the manor but its main portion was built by Richard Caryll in 1584 36 Wickham Flower employed Philip Webb to restore and extend the house in 1884 and in 1906 Colonel Hegan Kennard employed Inigo Thomas to build the north wing Set a few metres above a narrow square moat Great Tangley Manor has been well preserved and has been made the subject of many paintings as have its garden and lily pond n 5 well described and illustrated 2 A long entrance tunnel added by Philip Webb with one sandstone and brick wall and open timber 12 bay arcade on the other crosses the moat 36 This medieval and Elizabethan building is Grade I listed and has Victorian gardens 36 The main front facing south east is decorative timber frame with whitewashed render infill and remainder is brick and whitewashed extensions on the south wing ashlar ground floor and roughcast above on rounded north wing Barnett Hill edit Architecturally Grade II listed Barnett Hill s social history is described in History its architect was Arnold Mitchell who chose an expensive and ornate masonry Carolean style 12 Purple brown bricks with red brick and yellow stone dressings form its walls Roofing consists of hipped plain tiled several roof slopes over a wooden eaves cornice around its roof incorporating dormer windows Spread over three above ground floors the venue is on a short H shaped plan with a long service wing in an identical style Ground floor windows have 24 panes each and keystone lintels In the angles between wings are square turrets and a recessed range under copper ogee domes with spherical finials 12 Christ Church Shamley Green edit Further information Christ Church Shamley Green Christ Church is towards the end of the main street B road towards Cranleigh in the south of Shamley Green and is a Grade II listed building 37 The churchyard is the resting pace of television presenter Tony Hart who lived in the village for more than 40 years 38 St Martin s Church Blackheath edit nbsp St Martin s Church Murals by Anna Lea MerrittColourful stained glass and imposing arches are in Blackheath s Grade II listed church St Martin s 39 which is its only listed building 40 The murals are by the American artist Anna Lea Merritt Chinthurst Hill edit Main article Chinthurst Hill A 1930s folly tower tops this 397 foot 121 metre above sea level knoll Surrey Wildlife Trust manage the hill s woodland and tower It is the 31st highest hill in the county and a stand alone outcrop of the Greensand Ridge which restarts in parishes east and west on its course from Hampshire to Kent 41 Transport editThe main road through Wonersh is the B2128 which links the village to Shamley Green Cranleigh and Guildford 42 The nearest railway station is Shalford railway station on the Reading to Gatwick Airport via Guildford Line Education editShamley Green Montessori Pre School closed around 2017 Wonersh Preschool Wonersh and Shamley Green C of E Primary School Longacre School ages 2 11 independent Other notable residents editWilliam Howard Seth Smith III 1852 1928 architect born in the hamlet of Tangley Tony Hart 1925 2009 artist and TV presenter lived in Shamley Green for more than 40 years The Irish actor Max Adrian died in Shamley Green in 1973 See also editList of places of worship in Waverley borough References editNotes In 2001 34 6 of the population worked in lower or higher professional occupations see Economy The key state archives consulted by the historian Malden are the annual Assize Rolls Kings Queens Letters ie Letters Patent Roll known as the Patent Rolls Close Roll Charter Roll Manorial rolls and Feet of Fines There is no mention of any glebe so no Chancel repair liability seems not to apply the extent of the rectorial manor of Shalford did not extend to Wonersh 2 7 This part of the church was funded by Lord Grantley Painted by e g James S Ogilvy Thomas H Hunn 1857 1928 painted at least five paintings e g 1 also see Ernest Arthur Rowe 1862 1922 Rowe Rowe v 2 Charles Neal b 1951 References a b c Key Statistics Quick Statistics Population Density United Kingdom Census 2011 Office for National Statistics Retrieved 21 November 2013 a b c d e f g h i j H E Malden ed 1911 Parishes Wonersh A History of the County of Surrey Volume 3 Institute of Historical Research Retrieved 30 October 2012 E Ekwall The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Place Names 3rd Edn Oxford Clarendon Press 1947 p 505 Four page manuscript in the Cowie Collection Location Library of the Surrey Archaeological Society Castle Arch Guildford see Catalogue a b c St John the Baptist Grade II listing Historic England Details from listed building database 1241510 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 Wonersh Mill Historic England Details from listed building database 1389457 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 Wonersh Millhouse Historic England Details from listed building database 1241296 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 a b c Samuel Lewis ed 1848 Wombleton Woodbury A Topographical Dictionary of England Institute of Historical Research Retrieved 2 November 2012 H E Malden ed Parishes Wonersh A History of the County of Surrey VCH Volume 3 1911 pp 121 127 a b c d e f Wonersh main menu Wonersh Parish Council re three greens a b Waverley Borough Council Wonersh Conservation Area main menu Barnett Hill House Sundial Events a b c Barnett Hill House Grade II listing Historic England Details from listed building database 1241148 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 a b c Grid reference Finder measurement tools a b Surrey Wildlife Trust a b c d e f g h i j Map created by Ordnance Survey courtesy of English Heritage Natural England Geodiversity Archived 2 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine Cranfield University National Soil Resources Institute a b Surrey County Council collated census statistics a b c Shamley Green main menu Wonersh Parish Council Wonersh Players Wonersh Church St John s Seminary Blackheath village website Surrey Domesday Book Archived 15 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine Blackheath Conservation Area History Shamley Green Church and Parish Retrieved 14 May 2023 Joyner Lisa Former Victorian vicarage with eight bedrooms for sale in Surrey House Beautiful Retrieved 14 May 2023 Shamley Green Conservation Area Shamley Green Commons Enhancement amp Management Plan PDF Wonersh Parish Council May 2011 Retrieved 4 October 2023 BBC Two Horizon 2012 2013 The Secret Life of the Cat BBC Secret life of the cat What do our feline companions get up to Science amp Environment BBC News 12 June 2013 Retrieved 1 August 2015 Historic England Details from listed building database 1241361 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 Conservation Area Map Wonersh a b Dower House Historic England Details from listed building database 1241146 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 Wonersh Court apartments Historic England Details from listed building database 1241348 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 a b c Great Tangley Manor Great Tangley Manor West one building Historic England Details from listed building database 1241348 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 Christ Church Grade II listing Historic England Details from listed building database 1241153 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 Funeral for TV artist Tony Hart BBC News 29 January 2009 Retrieved 26 March 2010 Blackheath Church of St Martin Historic England Details from listed building database 1241151 National Heritage List for England Retrieved 2 November 2012 Stained Glass Windows at St Martin Blackheath Surrey Database of British and Irish Hills Retrieved 6 March 2015 Blackheath Shamley Green Wonersh Village design statement PDF Wonersh Parish Council 2005 p 5 Retrieved 4 October 2023 External links edit nbsp Media related to Wonersh at Wikimedia Commons Whole Parish main menu Wonersh Parish Council Wonersh main menu Wonersh Parish Council Blackheath Shamley Green Wonersh Village Design Statement Wonersh Our Village with information about the people of Wonersh and their familiesShamley Green edit Shamley Green main menu Wonersh Parish Council Stained Glass Windows at Christ Church Shamley Green Surrey Archive picturesBlackheath edit Blackheath main menu Wonersh Parish Council Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Wonersh amp oldid 1188817908 Shamley Green, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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