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Shōrin-ryū

October 14, 2023

Shōrin-ryū (少林流)[1][2][3][4][5][6] is one of the major modern Okinawan martial arts and is one of the oldest styles of karate. It was named by Choshin Chibana in 1933, but the system itself is much older. The characters 少林, meaning "sparse" or "scanty" and "forest" respectively and pronounced "shōrin" in Japanese, are also used in the Chinese and Japanese words for Shaolin. "Ryū" means "school". Shōrin-ryū combines elements of the traditional Okinawan fighting styles of Shuri-te.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

Shōrin-ryū
少林流
Date founded1929
Country of originRyūkyū Kingdom
FounderChōshin Chibana
Arts taughtKarate
Ancestor artsOkinawan martial arts (Shuri-te)
Descendant artsShotokan, Isshin-Ryu, Shogen-Ryu, American Kenpo
Descendant schools
Practitioners(see notable practitioners)
Shōrin-ryū

History Edit

Chōshin Chibana was a top student of the great master of shuri-te, Ankō Itosu. Ankō Itosu was the top student of Matsumura Sōkon, who was a renowned warrior in his time; bodyguard to three kings of Okinawa, he has been called the Miyamoto Musashi of Okinawa and was dubbed bushi, or warrior, by his king. However, while Sōkon is often referred to as the "founder" of Shuri-te, he did not invent all of its components. Chōshin Chibana never practiced kobudo. In 1933, Chōshin Chibana chose to name his style Shōrin-ryū in honor of its samurai roots and to differentiate it from other styles that were being modified from the original teachings of Ankō Itosu. Generally, Okinawan karate schools did not have individual names for styles like schools in Japan. Several branches of traditional Shōrin-ryū exist today in both Okinawa and the western world. While there is a more concentrated population of practitioners in its birthplace of Okinawa, Shōrin-ryū Karate has had many high dan grades outside Okinawa.

Training Edit

Shōrin-ryū is generally characterized by natural breathing, natural (narrow, high) stances, and circular, rather than direct movements. Shōrin-ryū practitioners assert that correct motion, moving quickly to evade violence with fluid movements and flexible positions are important, and that a solid structure is vital for powerful blocks and strikes. Stances that are too deep generally make body movement difficult. Another feature in this system is how the student is taught to punch. Generally, there is neither a horizontal nor vertical punch in Shōrin-ryū. Punches are slightly canted to the inside, with the largest knuckle of the forefinger (third from the tip) in vertical alignment with the second knuckle of the pinky finger. It is believed that this position is key in lining up the bones of the arm and creates a faster, more stable and powerful strike.

Kata Edit

Some of the key kata in Shōrin-ryū are:[7]p. 30

These are Series not truly thought of as 'kata'

  • Fukyu Gata (Popular)
    • ichi
    • ni
    • san (in some schools)
  • Kihon (Basics)
    • shodan
    • nidan
    • sandan
    • yondan
    • godan


Shōrin-ryū Core Kata

  • Naihanchi
    • shodan
    • nidan
    • sandan
  • Pinan
    • shodan
    • nidan
    • sandan
    • yondan
    • godan
  • Passai
  • Gojushiho
  • Dai Ni Gojushiho
  • Chinto
  • Kusanku
    • sho
    • dai
  • Jion

The following Kata are not taught in all Shōrin-ryū systems or dojo

  • Seisan
  • Ananku
  • Wankan
  • Rohai
  • Wanshu
  • Gorin
  • Koryu Passai
  • Teesho
  • Ryuko

The study of weapons generally only starts at dan-level, and weapon kata are not standardised across the style.[7]p. 45.

Branches Edit

Ranks Edit

In 1924, Gichin Funakoshi, a contemporary of Chibana and also a disciple of Ankō Itosu, adopted the Dan system from judo founder Kanō Jigorō using a rank scheme with a limited set of belt colors to promote Karate-Do among the Japanese. In 1960, this practice was also adopted in Okinawa.[11] The specific order of colors varies from organization to organization.

In a Kyū/Dan system, the beginner grade is a higher-numbered kyū (e.g., 7th Kyū) and progress is toward a lower-numbered Kyū. The Dan progression continues from 1st Dan (Shodan, or 'beginning dan') to the higher dan grades. Kyū-grade karateka are referred to as "color belt" or mudansha ("ones without dan"); Dan-grade karateka are referred to as yudansha (holders of dan rank). Yudansha typically wear a black belt.

Requirements of rank differ among styles, organizations, and schools. Kyū ranks gradually stress proper stances, balance, motion and coordination. Speed, timing, focus and power are examined at higher grades. Minimum age and time in rank are factors affecting promotion. Testing consists of demonstration of technique before a panel of examiners. Black belt testing is commonly done in a manner known as shinsa, which includes a written examination as well as demonstration of kihon, kumite, kata, and bunkai (applications of technique).

Notable practitioners Edit

For practitioners of Shōrin-ryū, see Category:Shōrin-ryū practitioners.

Notes Edit

  1. ^ name changed for Itosu no Passai in Shidokan and Shinshukan.
  2. ^ name changed for Matsumura no Passai in Shidokan and Shinshukan.

References Edit

  1. ^ a b c d e Bishop, Mark (15 October 1999). Okinawan Karate: Teachers, Styles and Secret Techniques. ISBN 0-8048-3205-6.
  2. ^ a b . Ihadojo.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-26. Retrieved 2012-11-12.
  3. ^ a b . Okinawa Prefectural Government. 2003. Archived from the original on 15 April 2009.
  4. ^ a b . Okinawa Prefectural Government. 2003. Archived from the original on 26 March 2009.
  5. ^ a b . Shorinryushorinkan.com. Archived from the original on March 6, 2016. Retrieved 2012-11-12.
  6. ^ a b Mateusz Staniszew. "World Oshukai Okinawa Shōrin-ryū Karate Do Kobudo Federation". Oshukai.com. Retrieved 2012-11-12.
  7. ^ a b Cummins, William (1984). Shōrin-ryū: Okinawan karate question and answer book (1st ed.). New York: Person-to-Person Pub. ISBN 9780804814263.
  8. ^ Reihokan Karate
  9. ^ North American Shorin-ryu Shorinkan
  10. ^ World Oshukai Dento Okinawa Shōrin-ryū Karate Do Kobudo Federation
  11. ^ . Umablackbelt.com. Archived from the original on 2012-11-25. Retrieved 2012-11-12.

October 14, 2023
shōrin, ryū, 少林流, major, modern, okinawan, martial, arts, oldest, styles, karate, named, choshin, chibana, 1933, system, itself, much, older, characters, 少林, meaning, sparse, scanty, forest, respectively, pronounced, shōrin, japanese, also, used, chinese, japa. Shōrin ryu 少林流 1 2 3 4 5 6 is one of the major modern Okinawan martial arts and is one of the oldest styles of karate It was named by Choshin Chibana in 1933 but the system itself is much older The characters 少林 meaning sparse or scanty and forest respectively and pronounced shōrin in Japanese are also used in the Chinese and Japanese words for Shaolin Ryu means school Shōrin ryu combines elements of the traditional Okinawan fighting styles of Shuri te 1 2 3 4 5 6 Shōrin ryu少林流Date founded1929Country of originRyukyu KingdomFounderChōshin ChibanaArts taughtKarateAncestor artsOkinawan martial arts Shuri te Descendant artsShotokan Isshin Ryu Shogen Ryu American KenpoDescendant schoolsShōrin ryu Shidōkan Shōrin ryu Shōrinkan Shōrin ryu Kyudōkan Shorin Ryu Reihokan Matsubayashi ryu Shōbayashi Shōrin ryu Jyoshinmon Shōrin ryu Yoshudokai Shorin ryu Shubukan Shōrin ryuPractitioners see notable practitioners Shōrin ryu Contents 1 History 2 Training 3 Kata 4 Branches 5 Ranks 6 Notable practitioners 7 Notes 8 ReferencesHistory EditChōshin Chibana was a top student of the great master of shuri te Ankō Itosu Ankō Itosu was the top student of Matsumura Sōkon who was a renowned warrior in his time bodyguard to three kings of Okinawa he has been called the Miyamoto Musashi of Okinawa and was dubbed bushi or warrior by his king However while Sōkon is often referred to as the founder of Shuri te he did not invent all of its components Chōshin Chibana never practiced kobudo In 1933 Chōshin Chibana chose to name his style Shōrin ryu in honor of its samurai roots and to differentiate it from other styles that were being modified from the original teachings of Ankō Itosu Generally Okinawan karate schools did not have individual names for styles like schools in Japan Several branches of traditional Shōrin ryu exist today in both Okinawa and the western world While there is a more concentrated population of practitioners in its birthplace of Okinawa Shōrin ryu Karate has had many high dan grades outside Okinawa Training EditShōrin ryu is generally characterized by natural breathing natural narrow high stances and circular rather than direct movements Shōrin ryu practitioners assert that correct motion moving quickly to evade violence with fluid movements and flexible positions are important and that a solid structure is vital for powerful blocks and strikes Stances that are too deep generally make body movement difficult Another feature in this system is how the student is taught to punch Generally there is neither a horizontal nor vertical punch in Shōrin ryu Punches are slightly canted to the inside with the largest knuckle of the forefinger third from the tip in vertical alignment with the second knuckle of the pinky finger It is believed that this position is key in lining up the bones of the arm and creates a faster more stable and powerful strike Kata EditSome of the key kata in Shōrin ryu are 7 p 30These are Series not truly thought of as kata Fukyu Gata Popular ichi ni san in some schools Kihon Basics shodan nidan sandan yondan godanShōrin ryu Core Kata Naihanchi shodan nidan sandan Pinan shodan nidan sandan yondan godan Passai sho a dai b Gojushiho Dai Ni Gojushiho Chinto Kusanku sho dai JionThe following Kata are not taught in all Shōrin ryu systems or dojo Seisan Ananku Wankan Rohai Wanshu Gorin Koryu Passai Teesho RyukoThe study of weapons generally only starts at dan level and weapon kata are not standardised across the style 7 p 45 Branches EditShugorō Nakazato Shugorō Nakazato 仲里 周五郎 Nakazato Shugorō August 14 1920 August 24 2016 Shorin Ryu Reihokan Naonobu Ahagon 8 Shōrin ryu Shidōkan normally called Shidōkan or Okinawan Shidōkan Shorinkan Shorinkan USA Lineage 9 Shōrin ryu Seibukan Matsubayashi ryu Shōrin ryu Kokau Shōrin ryu Kyudōkan normally called Kyudōkan Oshukai 10 Chubu Shōrin ryu 1 Shōrin ryu Shaolin 1 also known as Shobayashi Ryukyu Shōrin ryu 1 Kobayashi Shōrin ryu Kyobukan Shōrin ryu Matsumura Kenpo Shōrin ryu Matsumura Seito Hakutsuru Shōrin ryu Matsumura Shōrin ryu Jyoshinmon Shōrin ryu Shima ha Shōrin ryu Yoshudokai Shorin ryuRanks EditIn 1924 Gichin Funakoshi a contemporary of Chibana and also a disciple of Ankō Itosu adopted the Dan system from judo founder Kanō Jigorō using a rank scheme with a limited set of belt colors to promote Karate Do among the Japanese In 1960 this practice was also adopted in Okinawa 11 The specific order of colors varies from organization to organization In a Kyu Dan system the beginner grade is a higher numbered kyu e g 7th Kyu and progress is toward a lower numbered Kyu The Dan progression continues from 1st Dan Shodan or beginning dan to the higher dan grades Kyu grade karateka are referred to as color belt or mudansha ones without dan Dan grade karateka are referred to as yudansha holders of dan rank Yudansha typically wear a black belt Requirements of rank differ among styles organizations and schools Kyu ranks gradually stress proper stances balance motion and coordination Speed timing focus and power are examined at higher grades Minimum age and time in rank are factors affecting promotion Testing consists of demonstration of technique before a panel of examiners Black belt testing is commonly done in a manner known as shinsa which includes a written examination as well as demonstration of kihon kumite kata and bunkai applications of technique Notable practitioners EditFor practitioners of Shōrin ryu see Category Shōrin ryu practitioners Chosin Chibana founder Kentsu Yabu Joe Lewis martial artist Mike Stone karate Bill Wallace martial artist Jim Kelly martial artist Shugorō Nakazato John Corcoran martial arts Tiffany van Soest Tadashi Yamashita Rina Takeda Yukio Sakaguchi Leo Howard Katsuya Miyahira Higa Yuchoku Ankichi Arakaki Eizo Shimabukuro Ciriaco Canete Robert John BurkeNotes Edit name changed for Itosu no Passai in Shidokan and Shinshukan name changed for Matsumura no Passai in Shidokan and Shinshukan References Edit a b c d e Bishop Mark 15 October 1999 Okinawan Karate Teachers Styles and Secret Techniques ISBN 0 8048 3205 6 a b Beikoku Shidokan Association Iha Dojo Ihadojo com Archived from the original on 2012 11 26 Retrieved 2012 11 12 a b History of Okinawan Karate Okinawa Prefectural Government 2003 Archived from the original on 15 April 2009 a b Kata of Shuri te Karate Okinawa Prefectural Government 2003 Archived from the original on 26 March 2009 a b Okinawan Shorin ryu Shorinkan Karate and Kobudo Dojo Shorinryushorinkan com Archived from the original on March 6 2016 Retrieved 2012 11 12 a b Mateusz Staniszew World Oshukai Okinawa Shōrin ryu Karate Do Kobudo Federation Oshukai com Retrieved 2012 11 12 a b Cummins William 1984 Shōrin ryu Okinawan karate question and answer book 1st ed New York Person to Person Pub ISBN 9780804814263 Reihokan Karate North American Shorin ryu Shorinkan World Oshukai Dento Okinawa Shōrin ryu Karate Do Kobudo Federation Shorin History Umablackbelt com Archived from the original on 2012 11 25 Retrieved 2012 11 12 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shōrin ryu amp oldid 1177341997, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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