Primarily in Austroasiatic languages (also known as Mon–Khmer), in a typical word a minor syllable is a reduced (minor) syllable followed by a full tonic or stressed syllable. The minor syllable may be of the form /Cə/ or /CəN/, with a reduced vowel, as in colloquial Khmer, or of the form /CC/ with no vowel at all, as in Mlabri/kn̩diːŋ/ "navel" (minor syllable /kn̩/) and /br̩poːŋ/ "underneath" (minor syllable /br̩/), and Khasikyndon/kn̩dɔːn/ "rule" (minor syllable /kn̩/), syrwet/sr̩wɛt̚/ "sign" (minor syllable /sr̩/), kylla/kl̩la/ "transform" (minor syllable /kl̩/), symboh/sm̩bɔːʔ/ "seed" (minor syllable /sm̩/) and tyngkai/tŋ̩kaːɪ/ "conserve" (minor syllable /tŋ̩/). This iambic pattern is sometimes called sesquisyllabic (lit. 'one and a half syllables'), a term coined by the American linguist James Matisoff in 1973 (Matisoff 1973:86).
Sometimes minor syllables are introduced by language contact. Many Chamic languages as well as Burmese[1] have developed minor syllables from contact with Mon-Khmer family. In Burmese, minor syllables have the form /Cə/, with no consonant clusters allowed in the syllable onset, no syllable coda, and no tone.
Recent reconstructions of Proto-Tai and Old Chinese also include sesquisyllabic roots with minor syllables, as transitional forms between fully disyllabic words and the monosyllabic words found in modern Tai languages and modern Chinese.
^Randy LaPolla (2001). "The development of Sino-Tibetian". Areal Diffusion and Genetic Inheritance: Problems in Comparative Linguistics. Oxford University Press. p. 238. ISBN978-0-19-829981-3.
Butler, Becky Ann. (2014). Deconstructing the Southeast Asian sesquisyllable: A gestural account (Doctoral dissertation). Cornell University.
Ferlus, Michel. (2004). The origin of tones in Viet-Muong. In Papers from the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society (pp. 297–313). HAL 00927222v2.
Ferlus, Michel. (2009). What were the four Divisions of Middle Chinese?. Diachronica, 26(2), 184-213. HAL 01581138v2.
Matisoff, James A. (1973). 'Tonogenesis in Southeast Asia'. In Larry M. Hyman (ed.), Consonant Types and Tone (Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics No. 1), pp. 73–95. Los Angeles: Linguistics Program, University of Southern California.
Kirby, James & Brunelle, Marc. (2017). Southeast Asian tone in areal perspective. In R. Hickey (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of Areal Linguistics (pp. 703–731).
Michaud, Alexis. (2012). Monosyllabicization: patterns of evolution in Asian languages. In Monosyllables: From phonology to typology (pp. 115–130). HAL 00436432v3.
Svantesson, J.-O. & Karlsson, A. M. (2004). Minor syllable tones in Kammu. In International Symposium on Tonal Aspects of Languages (TAL 2004).
Thomas, David (1992). 'On Sesquisyllabic Structure'. The Mon-Khmer Studies Journal, 21, pp. 206–210.
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minor, syllable, primarily, austroasiatic, languages, also, known, khmer, typical, word, minor, syllable, reduced, minor, syllable, followed, full, tonic, stressed, syllable, minor, syllable, form, cən, with, reduced, vowel, colloquial, khmer, form, with, vowe. Primarily in Austroasiatic languages also known as Mon Khmer in a typical word a minor syllable is a reduced minor syllable followed by a full tonic or stressed syllable The minor syllable may be of the form Ce or CeN with a reduced vowel as in colloquial Khmer or of the form CC with no vowel at all as in Mlabri kn diːŋ navel minor syllable kn and br poːŋ underneath minor syllable br and Khasi kyndon kn dɔːn rule minor syllable kn syrwet sr wɛt sign minor syllable sr kylla kl la transform minor syllable kl symboh sm bɔːʔ seed minor syllable sm and tyngkai tŋ kaːɪ conserve minor syllable tŋ This iambic pattern is sometimes called sesquisyllabic lit one and a half syllables a term coined by the American linguist James Matisoff in 1973 Matisoff 1973 86 Sometimes minor syllables are introduced by language contact Many Chamic languages as well as Burmese 1 have developed minor syllables from contact with Mon Khmer family In Burmese minor syllables have the form Ce with no consonant clusters allowed in the syllable onset no syllable coda and no tone Recent reconstructions of Proto Tai and Old Chinese also include sesquisyllabic roots with minor syllables as transitional forms between fully disyllabic words and the monosyllabic words found in modern Tai languages and modern Chinese See also EditMainland Southeast Asia linguistic area Stress in KhmerNotes Edit Randy LaPolla 2001 The development of Sino Tibetian Areal Diffusion and Genetic Inheritance Problems in Comparative Linguistics Oxford University Press p 238 ISBN 978 0 19 829981 3 References EditBrunelle Marc Kirby James Michaud Alexis Watkins Justin 2017 Prosodic systems Mainland Southeast Asia HAL 01617182 Butler Becky Ann 2014 Deconstructing the Southeast Asian sesquisyllable A gestural account Doctoral dissertation Cornell University Ferlus Michel 2004 The origin of tones in Viet Muong In Papers from the Eleventh Annual Conference of the Southeast Asian Linguistics Society pp 297 313 HAL 00927222v2 Ferlus Michel 2009 What were the four Divisions of Middle Chinese Diachronica 26 2 184 213 HAL 01581138v2 Matisoff James A 1973 Tonogenesis in Southeast Asia In Larry M Hyman ed Consonant Types and Tone Southern California Occasional Papers in Linguistics No 1 pp 73 95 Los Angeles Linguistics Program University of Southern California Kirby James amp Brunelle Marc 2017 Southeast Asian tone in areal perspective In R Hickey Ed The Cambridge Handbook of Areal Linguistics pp 703 731 Michaud Alexis 2012 Monosyllabicization patterns of evolution in Asian languages In Monosyllables From phonology to typology pp 115 130 HAL 00436432v3 Svantesson J O amp Karlsson A M 2004 Minor syllable tones in Kammu In International Symposium on Tonal Aspects of Languages TAL 2004 Thomas David 1992 On Sesquisyllabic Structure The Mon Khmer Studies Journal 21 pp 206 210 This phonetics article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Minor syllable amp oldid 1141417515, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
