Wikipedia
Senate (Haiti)
The Senate (French: Sénat, Haitian Creole: Sena) is the upper house of Haiti's bicameral legislature, the Haitian Parliament. The lower house of the Haitian Parliament is the Chamber of Deputies. The Senate consists of thirty seats, with three members from each of the ten administrative departments. Prior to the creation of the department of Nippes in 2003, there were twenty-seven seats. Senators are elected by popular vote to six-year terms, with one-third elected every two years. There are no term limits for senators; they may be re-elected indefinitely.
Senate Sénat · Sena | |
|---|---|
| Currently Dissolved | |
National seal of Haiti | |
| Type | |
| Type | of the Haitian Parliament |
Term limits | No limits |
| History | |
| Founded | December 1806[1] |
| Structure | |
| Seats | 30 |
Political groups | Vacant: 30 seats |
Length of term | Six years |
| Elections | |
| Two-round system | |
Last election | 2016–17 |
Next election | Next |
| Meeting place | |
| Port-au-Prince | |
| Website | |
| [1] | |
After the elections of 2000, twenty-six of the then twenty-seven seats were held by Jean-Bertrand Aristide's Fanmi Lavalas party. The Senate was not in session following the overthrow of Aristide's government in February 2004. An interim government was put in place following the rebellion, and the remaining senators were not recognised during that time. The Senate was re-established and elections were held on 21 April 2006. The next elections were scheduled to occur in 2008, when one-third of the Senate seats was opened.
In 2015, the Senate was reduced to only 10 members and the chamber of deputies was closed because the elections to replace one-third of the senators and all of the deputies in 2013 were delayed indefinitely causing senators and deputies to finish their term in January 2015 without any replacement. This led to a dysfunctional National assembly. In the 2015 parliamentary elections these two-thirds were filled with new elected members, completing the 30 senators.[2]
In January 2020, the number of lawmakers retaining their Senate seats was again reduced to 10 as President Jovenel Moïse failed to hold elections in time to replace the others, whose terms expired before his assassination.[3][4] Following the expiration of the terms of these remaining senators on 10 January 2023, Haiti has no elected members of either chamber of its Parliament.[5]
Latest election Edit
| Party | Senators | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st Round | 2nd Round | Total | |||||
| Truth (VERITE) | 0 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Konvansyon Inite Demokratik (KID) | 0 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| Haitian Tèt Kale Party (PHTK) | 0 | 6 | 6 | ||||
| Struggling People's Organization (OPL) | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Fanmi Lavalas (FL) | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Haiti in Action (AAA) | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||
| Pont | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Platfom Pitit Desalin | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Ligue Dessalinienne (LIDE) | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||
| Total | 2 | 12 | 14 | ||||
| Seats not awarded yet | 9 | ||||||
| Seats not up in 2015 elections | 9 | ||||||
| Total seats | 30 | ||||||
| Sources: [2], [3], [4] | |||||||
List of Senate presidents[citation needed] Edit
Le Président du Sénat
| Name | Took office | Left office | Party |
|---|---|---|---|
| César Télémaque[6] | 31 December 1806 | February 1807 | |
| Jean-Louis Barlatier | March 1807 | April 1807 | |
| Louis-Auguste Daumec | April 1807 | May 1807 | |
| Théodat Trichet | June 1807 | 1807 | |
| Guy Joseph Bonnet | 1808 | 4 March 1808 | |
| Gabriel David Troy | 4 March 1808 | April 1808 | |
| Jean-Louis Larose | May 1808 | June 1808 | |
| Pierre Charles Lys | July 1808 | August 1808 | |
| Philippe Bourjolly-Modé | September 1808 | 18 November 1808 | |
| Louis-Auguste Daumec | 18 November 1808 | ? | |
| Jean-Louis Larose | ? | April 1811 | |
| Louis Leroux | May 1811 | 1811 | |
| Jean-Auguste Voltaire | 1812 | 1812 | |
| Jean-Louis Larose | 1812 | ? | |
| Pierre Charles Lys | 1813 | 1813 | |
| Jean-Auguste Voltaire | 1813 | ? | |
| Jean-Louis Larose | 1814 | 1814 | |
| Louis Leroux | 1814 | July 1814 | |
| Jean-Louis Larose | August 1814 | 1814 | |
| Jean-Auguste Voltaire | 1814 | December 1814 | |
| Jean-Louis Larose | December 1814 | 1815 | |
| Pierre Charles Lys | 1815 | 1815 | |
| Joseph Neptune | 1815 | January 1816 | |
| Casimir Célestin Panayoty | January 1816 | 1816 | |
| Jean-Baptiste Bayard | 1816 | ? | |
| Pierre Simon | 1817 | August 1817 | |
| Jean-Louis Larose | August 1817 | ? | |
| Hilaire Martin[7] | ? – 1820 | 1820 – ? | |
| Amédé Gayot | 1821 | ? | |
| Noël Viallet[8] | ? – October 1821 | October 1821–? | |
| Antoine Lerebours[9] | ? – October 1822 | October 1822–? | |
| Noël Viallet[8] | ? – July 1824 | February 1825–? | |
| Louis-Auguste Daumec | ? – April 1825 | April 1825 – ? | |
| Noël Viallet[10] | ? – January 1826 | April 1826 | |
| Pierre-Prosper Rouanez[11] | April 1826 | May 1826 – ? | |
| François Sambour[12] | 1827 | 1827 – ? | |
| Fonroë Dubreuil[12] | ? – 1828 | 1828 | |
| Jean-François Lespinasse[12] | 1828 | 1828 | |
| Louis Gabriel Audigé[12] | 1828 | 1828 | |
| François Sambour[12][13] | 1828 | 1829 | |
| Jean-François Lespinasse[12] | 1829 | 1830 | |
| Antoine Martinez Valdès[12] | 1830 | 1830 | |
| Eustache Frémont[12] | 1830 | 1831 | |
| Louis Gabriel Audigé[12] | 1831 | 1831 – ? | |
| Joseph Georges[12] | ? – 1832 | 1832 | |
| Louis Gabriel Audigé[12] | 1832 | 1832 – ? | |
| Jean Béchet[12] | ? – 1833 | 1833 – ? | |
| Jean-François Lespinasse[14] | ? – August 1833 | August 1833 – ? | |
| Jean-Baptiste Bayard | ? | 1834 | |
| Joseph Georges | June 1834 | July 1834 | |
| Noël Viallet | July 1834 | 1835 | |
| Charles-Théodore Cupidon[15] | 1835 | June 1835 | |
| Pierre André | July 1835 | ? | |
| Louis D. Gilles | 1836 | August 1836 | |
| Eustache Frémont | September 1836 | October 1836 | |
| Jean-Pierre Oriol | November 1836 | ? | |
| Jose Joachim Del Monte | 1837 | 1837 | |
| Beaubrun Ardouin | 1837 | ? | |
| Amédé Gayot | 1838 | 1838 | |
| Charles Bazelais | 1838 | 1838 | |
| Beaubrun Ardouin[16] | 1838 | 1839 | |
| David Troy | ? – March 1846 | March 1846 – ? | |
| Pierre Louis Bouzi[7] | ? – 1848 | 1848 – ? | |
| André Jean Simon[17] | ? – September 1849 | September 1849–? | |
| Larouchel du Bas-de-Sainte-Anne[18] | ? | ? | |
| Désormes Ls. Lafontant[7] | ? – 1852 | 1852 – ? | |
| Hilaire-Jean Pierre[7] | ? – 1859 | 1859 – ? | |
| Pierre-Louis Cariès[7] | ? – 1860 | 1860 – ? | |
| François Lacruz[19] | ? – September 1860 | September 1860 – ? | |
| José Ignacio Mendoza[7] | ? – December 1860 | December 1860 – ? | |
| Saladin Lamour[20] | ? – August 1862 | August 1862 – ? | |
| Antoine Laforest[7] | ? – 1864 | 1864 – ? | |
| Michel Dupont[7] | ? – 1870 | 7 June 1874 | |
| Dasny Labonté | 1875 | ? | |
| Louis Audain | 1876 | ? | |
| Aristide Flambert[21] | 1877 | ? | |
| François Hippolyte | 1878 | July 1878 | |
| Darius Denis | July 1878 | 1878 | |
| Brunis Maignan[7] | September 1878 | 1878 – ? | |
| Morin Montasse | 1879 | ? | |
| Innocent Michel-Pierre[22] | 1880 | ? | |
| Morin Montasse[7][23] | ? – October 1881 | 1884 | |
| Brunis Maignan[24] | 1885 | 1888 | |
| Néré Numa | 1889 | ? | |
| Massillon A. Aubry | 1890 | ? | |
| Charles Archin[25] | 1891 | 1891 | |
| Dulciné Jean-Louis | 1891 | ? | |
| Brunis Maignan[26] | 1892 | December 1893 – ? | |
| Alexis Dérac[27] | ? – August 1894 | September 1894 – ? | |
| Pierre-Antoine Stewart[28] | 1895 | 1896 | |
| Cadestin Robert[29] | ? – August 1897 | August 1897 – ? | |
| Vaillant Guillaume[30][31] | 1898 | 1900 | |
| Guillaume[32] | ? – 1901 | 1901 – ? | |
| Pétion Pierre-André[33] | ? – February 1904 | September 1904 – ? | |
| T. A. Dupiton | ? – 1906 | 1907 – ? | |
| François Paulinus Paulin[32] | 1909 | 1911 | |
| Joseph Davilmar Théodore | 1911 | 1912 | |
| Philippe Sudré Dartiguenave | 1913 | 1914 – ? | |
| Stephen Archer | 1915 | ? | |
| Paul Laraque | 1916 | 1916 | |
| Abolished | 1916 | 1918 | |
| Antoine Dubost | 1918 | 1918 – ? | |
| Stephen Archer | ? – 1919 | 1922 | |
| Fouchard Martineau[32][34] | ? – 1931 | 1934 – ? | |
| Louis S. Zéphirin[35] | 1935 | 1940 – ? | |
| Alfred Nemours Auguste[36] | 1943 | 1946 | |
| Jean Bélizaire[37] | 1946 | 1949 – ? | |
| Charles Fombrun[38] | ? – 1951 | 1955 – ? | |
| Charles Fombrun | 9 April 1956 | 7 February 1957 | |
| Emile Saint-Lot | 1957 | 1957 | |
| Hugues Bourjolly[39] | 1957 | 1958 – ? | |
| Antoine Marthold[40] | 1959 | 1961[41] | |
| Abolished | 1961[41] | January 1988 | |
| Louis J. Noisin[42] | January 1988 | June 1988 | |
| No legislature | June 1988 | February 1991[43] | |
| Endrice Raymond[44] | 1991 | 1991 | FNCD |
| Déjean Bélizaire[45] | ? - August 1991 | 31 January 1993 | MNP 28 |
| Firmin Jean-Louis[46] and Thomas Eddy Dupiton | 31 January 1993 | 4 February 1994 | FNCD |
| Bernard Sansaricq | 4 February 1994 | October 1994 | |
| Firmin Jean-Louis[46] | October 1994 | 13 October 1995 | FNCD |
| Edgard Leblanc | 13 October 1995[47] | March 2000 – ? | OPL |
| Yvon Neptune[48] | 28 August 2000 | 14 March 2002 | Fanmi Lavalas |
| Fourel Célestin[49] | 27 March 2002 | 29 August 2004 | Fanmi Lavalas |
| Yvon Feuillé | 29 August 2004 | 8 September 2004 | |
| No legislature | September 2004 | May 2006 | |
| Joseph Lambert | 11 May 2006 | 2006 | Lespwa |
| Kely Bastien | January 2008 | 2011 | Lespwa |
| Jean Rodolphe Joazile | 24 January 2011 | 9 January 2012 | PONT |
| Simon Dieuseul Desras | 9 January 2012 | 12 January 2015 | Lavni |
| Riché Andris | 12 January 2015 | 14 January 2016 | Alternative |
| Jocelerme Privert | 14 January 2016 | 14 February 2016 | INITE |
| Ronald Larêche | 14 February 2016 | 13 January 2017 | VÉRITÉ |
| Youri Latortue | 13 January 2017 | 9 January 2018 | AAA |
| Joseph Lambert | 9 January 2018 | 17 January 2019 | KONA |
| Carl Murat Cantave | 17 January 2019 | 14 January 2020 | KID |
| Pierre François Sildor | 14 January 2020 | 12 January 2021 | PHTK |
| Joseph Lambert | 12 January 2021 | 11 January 2022 | KONA |
| Joseph Lambert | 11 January 2022 | 10 January 2023 | KONA |
See also Edit
References Edit
- ^ . 3 April 2015. Archived from the original on 3 April 2015.
- ^ "2210.- Le Sénat de la République » Haiti-Référence".
- ^ "Haiti, June 2021 Monthly Forecast". NBC News. Reuters. 29 May 2021. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ Lemaire, Sandra; Ching, Nike; Toussaint, Renan; Matiado, Vilme (14 July 2021). "US Will Support Inclusive, Credible Haitian Government, State Department Official Tells VOA". Voice of America. Retrieved 15 July 2021.
- ^ Taylor, Luke (10 January 2023). "Haiti left with no elected government officials as it spirals towards anarchy". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
- ^ "L'Union. Recueil commercial et littéraire". Gallica. 14 December 1837.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Lhérisson, L.-C. Auteur du texte (8 November 1895). "La Législation de l'instruction publique de la république d'Haïti (1804–1895). ... par Sténio Vincent,... L.-C. Lhérisson,..." – via gallica.bnf.fr.
- ^ a b "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
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- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Recueil général des lois & actes du gouvernement d'Haiti". ufdc.ufl.edu.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ Magloire, Auguste (4 August 1909). "Histoire d'Haïti d'après un plan nouveau basé sur l'observation des faits (1804–1909)". Port-au-Prince, Haïti : Impr.-Librairie du Matin – via Internet Archive.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
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- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
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- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
- ^ "JOURNAL OFFICIEL DE LA REPUBLIQUE D'HAITI" (PDF). ciat.bach.anaphore.org. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
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- ^ "Recueil de lois relatives aux biens du domaine national". ufdc.ufl.edu.
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- ^ a b c Calixte, Nyll F. (19 June 1974). "La Représentation parlementaire de Fort-Liberté (Haïti) de 1930 à 1972". Éditions de l'École.
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- ^ a b Hilton, Ronald (19 June 1963). "Hispanic American Report". Stanford University, Hispanic American Studies.
- ^ "Caribbean Insight". Goodyear Gibbs (Caribbean). 1988.
- ^ "IPU PARLINE database: HAITI (Sénat), election archives". archive.ipu.org.
- ^ Christian Lionet (1992). Haïti: l'année Aristide. L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-7384-1250-8.
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- ^ a b Pezzullo, Ralph (19 June 2019). Plunging into Haiti: Clinton, Aristide, and the Defeat of Diplomacy. Univ. Press of Mississippi. ISBN 978-1-60473-534-5.
- ^ United States Foreign Broadcast Information Service (1995). "Daily Report: Latin America. Index". NewsBank.
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- ^ Keesing's Record of World Events. Longman. 2002.
Sources Edit
This article incorporates public domain material from The World Factbook. CIA.
- "Haiti". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 14 November 2006. Retrieved 17 November 2006.
- Schutt-Ainé, Patricia (1994). Haiti: A Basic Reference Book. Miami, Florida: Librairie Au Service de la Culture. p. 167. ISBN 0-9638599-0-0.