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Shortraker rockfish

January 01, 1970

The shortraker rockfish (Sebastes borealis) is an offshore, demersal species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae, the rockfishes, part of the family Scorpaenidae. It is found in the northern Pacific Ocean.

Shortraker rockfish
Scientific classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Scorpaeniformes
Family: Scorpaenidae
Genus: Sebastes
Species:
S. borealis
Binomial name
Sebastes borealis
Barsukov, 1970

Taxonomy edit

The shortraker rockfish was first formally described in 1970 by the Soviet ichthyologist Vladimir Viktorovich Barsukov with the type locality given as the North Pacific at 57°41'N, 150°00'W at a depth of 270–310 m (890–1,020 ft).[1] Some authorities place this species in the subgenus Zalopyr. The specific name borealis means "northern", an allusion which was not explained but which probably refers to the North Pacific.[2]

Description edit

The shortraker rockfish is pale pink, pinkish-orange or red marked with blotches and saddles. Each of the fins have some black coloration and the dorsal fin may have white tips to the spines. They have a red mouth which may have black blotches. When captured their color darkens. They get their name from their stubby gill rakers which are tipped with little nobs. They have large pores on their lower jaw.[3] The dorsal fin has 13 spines and 13 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 7 soft rays, The spines on the head may be moderately sized or large and the spines present are the nasal, preocular, supraocular, postocular, tympanic, parietal and nuchal spines although they may or may not be coronal spines. They have no more than 2 spines below the eye. The caudal fin is slightly concave.[4] The shortraker rockfish is the largest species in the genus Sebastes and the maximum reported total length is 120 cm (47 in)>[5]

Distribution and habitat edit

The shortraker rockfish is distributed from the southeastern Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia, to Fort Bragg, California.[6] It attains lengths greater than one metre (>39 inches) and weighs up to 20 kg (44 pounds). In the Gulf of Alaska, shortraker rockfish are sampled annually during longline surveys and are most abundant between depths of 300–400 metres (980–1,310 ft).[7] It is a bathydemersal species found over soft substrates.[4]

Biology edit

The Shortraker rockfish lifespan is thought to average about 120 years, the second-longest of all varieties of rockfish to the rougheye rockfish, estimated at 140 years. This makes rockfish some of the world's oldest living fish.[8] Like many other rockfishes it is a viviparous species.[4]

Fisheries edit

Commercial harvesting in the Gulf of Alaska began in the early 1960s when foreign trawl fleets were targeting more abundant species.[9][full citation needed] In recent years, high catch rates indicate that the domestic trawl fleet targets this species; shortraker rockfish comprised 14.9% of the species composition of slope rockfish harvested in 1990, although trawl survey data indicates they comprised only 2.5% of the biomass.[7]

In 1991, catch limits were established for shortraker rockfish to prevent overharvesting of this species in the Gulf of Alaska. Catch limits are based on biomass estimates derived from bottom trawl catch rates. These biomass estimates are questionable, however, because the catch efficiency of bottom trawls on shortrakers is unknown.[7] Fishermen report that shortrakers school off-bottom and above rugged habitat in steep-slope areas where bottom trawls cannot sample effectively.[7][10]

Record specimens edit

Fish age is estimated by counting growth rings in its earbone, known as an otilith, similar to tree age dating. However, the method is only accurate in temperate regions, where variances between warm and cool season growth rates create distinct ring borders. In both tropical and arctic waters it becomes very difficult to distinguish such annual variations.[8] However, as shortraker rockfish caught off Sitka are regarded as coming from waters along the boundary of temperate and arctic regions annual growth rings can be slightly discernible.[8]

The record for oldest shortraker rockfish is 175 years, established by a 83 cm (33 in) specimen.[11]

In 2007, fishermen caught a specimen that was estimated to be between 90 and 115 years old. The fish weighed in at 62 pounds (28 kg) and was measured at 112 centimetres (44 in). It was caught south of the Pribilof Islands at an estimated depth of 2,100 feet (640 m).[12][13][14][15]

In 2013, Henry Liebman, a sport fisherman from Seattle, caught a specimen from 900 feet (270 m) below the surface and 10 mi (16 km) offshore near Sitka, Alaska.[8][11] Experts believed the 42-inch, 39.08 pounds (17.73 kg), shortraker was the oldest ever caught, with an estimated age of 200 years.[8][11] It was later found that the fish was only 64 years old.[16]

References edit

  1. ^ Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ron & van der Laan, Richard (eds.). "Species in the genus Sebastes". Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
  2. ^ Christopher Scharpf & Kenneth J. Lazara, eds. (22 May 2021). "Order Perciformes (Part 8): Suborder Scorpaenoidei: Families Sebastidae, Setarchidae and Neosebastidae". The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database. Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
  3. ^ "Shortraker Rockfish (Sebastes borealis)". Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife. Retrieved 3 November 2021.
  4. ^ a b c Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2021). "Sebastes borealis" in FishBase. June 2021 version.
  5. ^ "Shortraker Rockfish Research in Alaska". NOAA. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
  6. ^ Kramer, D.E.; O'Connell, V.M. (1986). "Guide to northeast Pacific rockfishes". Marien Advisory Bulletin (25). Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska Fairbanks.
  7. ^ a b c d Heifetz, J.; Clausen, D.M. (1991). "Slope rockfish". Stock assessment and fishery evaluation report for the 1992 Gulf of Alaska groundfish fishery. N. Pac. Fish. Manage. Counc., Anchorage, Alaska.: 5:1–5:30.
  8. ^ a b c d e Barber, Elizabeth (3 July 2013). "200-year-old rockfish caught off Alaska coast". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  9. ^ Sebastes spp
  10. ^ Encyclopedia.com April 9, 2007, at the Wayback Machine (Heifetz report archived at Wayback Machine)
  11. ^ a b c Hesse, Tom (25 June 2013). "Record-Sized Rockfish May Also be the Oldest". Daily Sitka Sentinel. Retrieved 4 July 2013.
  12. ^ Century-old fish found off Alaska BBC News, 2007-04-06. Retrieved 2007-04-07.
  13. ^ The Sideshow (July 2, 2013). "Man catches 200-year-old, 40-pound fish". News.Yahoo.com. Retrieved 2013-07-09.
  14. ^ National Geographic, 2007-04-06. Retrieved 2007-04-07
  15. ^ Joling, Dan (2007-04-06). . Yahoo! News. Yahoo! Inc. Archived from the original on 2007-04-08. Retrieved 2007-04-09.
  16. ^ Pooch, Andrew (5 July 2013). "Record "Old" Rockfish Aged at 64 Years". Angling Unlimited.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
shortraker, rockfish, shortraker, rockfish, sebastes, borealis, offshore, demersal, species, marine, finned, fish, belonging, subfamily, sebastinae, rockfishes, part, family, scorpaenidae, found, northern, pacific, ocean, scientific, classification, domain, eu. The shortraker rockfish Sebastes borealis is an offshore demersal species of marine ray finned fish belonging to the subfamily Sebastinae the rockfishes part of the family Scorpaenidae It is found in the northern Pacific Ocean Shortraker rockfish Scientific classification Domain Eukaryota Kingdom Animalia Phylum Chordata Class Actinopterygii Order Scorpaeniformes Family Scorpaenidae Genus Sebastes Species S borealis Binomial name Sebastes borealisBarsukov 1970 Contents 1 Taxonomy 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Biology 5 Fisheries 6 Record specimens 7 References 8 External linksTaxonomy editThe shortraker rockfish was first formally described in 1970 by the Soviet ichthyologist Vladimir Viktorovich Barsukov with the type locality given as the North Pacific at 57 41 N 150 00 W at a depth of 270 310 m 890 1 020 ft 1 Some authorities place this species in the subgenus Zalopyr The specific name borealis means northern an allusion which was not explained but which probably refers to the North Pacific 2 Description editThe shortraker rockfish is pale pink pinkish orange or red marked with blotches and saddles Each of the fins have some black coloration and the dorsal fin may have white tips to the spines They have a red mouth which may have black blotches When captured their color darkens They get their name from their stubby gill rakers which are tipped with little nobs They have large pores on their lower jaw 3 The dorsal fin has 13 spines and 13 soft rays while the anal fin has 3 spines and 7 soft rays The spines on the head may be moderately sized or large and the spines present are the nasal preocular supraocular postocular tympanic parietal and nuchal spines although they may or may not be coronal spines They have no more than 2 spines below the eye The caudal fin is slightly concave 4 The shortraker rockfish is the largest species in the genus Sebastes and the maximum reported total length is 120 cm 47 in gt 5 Distribution and habitat editThe shortraker rockfish is distributed from the southeastern Kamchatka Peninsula Russia to Fort Bragg California 6 It attains lengths greater than one metre gt 39 inches and weighs up to 20 kg 44 pounds In the Gulf of Alaska shortraker rockfish are sampled annually during longline surveys and are most abundant between depths of 300 400 metres 980 1 310 ft 7 It is a bathydemersal species found over soft substrates 4 Biology editThe Shortraker rockfish lifespan is thought to average about 120 years the second longest of all varieties of rockfish to the rougheye rockfish estimated at 140 years This makes rockfish some of the world s oldest living fish 8 Like many other rockfishes it is a viviparous species 4 Fisheries editCommercial harvesting in the Gulf of Alaska began in the early 1960s when foreign trawl fleets were targeting more abundant species 9 full citation needed In recent years high catch rates indicate that the domestic trawl fleet targets this species shortraker rockfish comprised 14 9 of the species composition of slope rockfish harvested in 1990 although trawl survey data indicates they comprised only 2 5 of the biomass 7 In 1991 catch limits were established for shortraker rockfish to prevent overharvesting of this species in the Gulf of Alaska Catch limits are based on biomass estimates derived from bottom trawl catch rates These biomass estimates are questionable however because the catch efficiency of bottom trawls on shortrakers is unknown 7 Fishermen report that shortrakers school off bottom and above rugged habitat in steep slope areas where bottom trawls cannot sample effectively 7 10 Record specimens editFish age is estimated by counting growth rings in its earbone known as an otilith similar to tree age dating However the method is only accurate in temperate regions where variances between warm and cool season growth rates create distinct ring borders In both tropical and arctic waters it becomes very difficult to distinguish such annual variations 8 However as shortraker rockfish caught off Sitka are regarded as coming from waters along the boundary of temperate and arctic regions annual growth rings can be slightly discernible 8 The record for oldest shortraker rockfish is 175 years established by a 83 cm 33 in specimen 11 In 2007 fishermen caught a specimen that was estimated to be between 90 and 115 years old The fish weighed in at 62 pounds 28 kg and was measured at 112 centimetres 44 in It was caught south of the Pribilof Islands at an estimated depth of 2 100 feet 640 m 12 13 14 15 In 2013 Henry Liebman a sport fisherman from Seattle caught a specimen from 900 feet 270 m below the surface and 10 mi 16 km offshore near Sitka Alaska 8 11 Experts believed the 42 inch 39 08 pounds 17 73 kg shortraker was the oldest ever caught with an estimated age of 200 years 8 11 It was later found that the fish was only 64 years old 16 References edit Eschmeyer William N Fricke Ron amp van der Laan Richard eds Species in the genus Sebastes Catalog of Fishes California Academy of Sciences Retrieved 4 November 2021 Christopher Scharpf amp Kenneth J Lazara eds 22 May 2021 Order Perciformes Part 8 Suborder Scorpaenoidei Families Sebastidae Setarchidae and Neosebastidae The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J Lazara Retrieved 4 November 2021 Shortraker Rockfish Sebastes borealis Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife Retrieved 3 November 2021 a b c Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2021 Sebastes borealis in FishBase June 2021 version Shortraker Rockfish Research in Alaska NOAA Retrieved 4 November 2021 Kramer D E O Connell V M 1986 Guide to northeast Pacific rockfishes Marien Advisory Bulletin 25 Alaska Sea Grant College Program University of Alaska Fairbanks a b c d Heifetz J Clausen D M 1991 Slope rockfish Stock assessment and fishery evaluation report for the 1992 Gulf of Alaska groundfish fishery N Pac Fish Manage Counc Anchorage Alaska 5 1 5 30 a b c d e Barber Elizabeth 3 July 2013 200 year old rockfish caught off Alaska coast The Christian Science Monitor Retrieved 4 July 2013 Sebastes spp Encyclopedia com Archived April 9 2007 at the Wayback Machine Heifetz report archived at Wayback Machine a b c Hesse Tom 25 June 2013 Record Sized Rockfish May Also be the Oldest Daily Sitka Sentinel Retrieved 4 July 2013 Century old fish found off Alaska BBC News 2007 04 06 Retrieved 2007 04 07 The Sideshow July 2 2013 Man catches 200 year old 40 pound fish News Yahoo com Retrieved 2013 07 09 Photo in the News Century Old Fish Caught in Alaska National Geographic 2007 04 06 Retrieved 2007 04 07 Joling Dan 2007 04 06 Fishermen catch big old Alaska rockfish Yahoo News Yahoo Inc Archived from the original on 2007 04 08 Retrieved 2007 04 09 Pooch Andrew 5 July 2013 Record Old Rockfish Aged at 64 Years Angling Unlimited External links editShortraker rockfish from the Alaska Fisheries Science Centre Guide to Rockfishes National Marine Fisheries Service Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Shortraker rockfish amp oldid 1186299812, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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