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Schottenkirche, Vienna

The Schottenkirche (English: Scots Church) is a parish church in Vienna attached to the Schottenstift, founded by Hiberno (Irish)-Scots Benedictine monks in the 12th century. In 1418, the Duke Albert V of Austria transferred it to the German-speaking Benedictine monks from the Melk Abbey during the Melker Reform initiated after the Council of Constance.[4] The church was elevated to the rank of Basilica Minor in 1958.

Schottenkirche
Schottenkirche, Freyung, Vienna
Religion
AffiliationCatholic Church
LeadershipP. Nikolaus Poch o.s.b[1]
Location
LocationVienna, Austria
Shown within Vienna
Schottenkirche, Vienna (Austria)
Geographic coordinates48°12′43″N 16°21′53″E / 48.2119°N 16.3647°E / 48.2119; 16.3647Coordinates: 48°12′43″N 16°21′53″E / 48.2119°N 16.3647°E / 48.2119; 16.3647
Architecture
TypeChurch,[2] Basilica Minor
StyleBaroque
Specifications
Direction of façadeW
Length55 m[3]
Width25 m[3]
Width (nave)15 m[3]
Website
www.schottenpfarre.at

The Schottenkirche is located in the Freyung in the first district of Vienna's Innere Stadt.

History

Irish missionaries out of monasteries in Ireland and Scotland (Iro-Schotten, Hiberno-Scottish) were instrumental in the spread of Christianity in Continental Europe during the Middle Ages.[5] Of special importance in Austria is Saint Koloman of Stockerau (of Melk) killed near Vienna in 1012. This Irish monk of royal lineage killed at Stockerau while on pilgrimage to Jerusalem has been patron saint of Austria until 1663.[citation needed]

During the 11th and the 12th century, Iro -Schotten Monasteries sprang up, intended exclusively for monks from monasteries in Ireland and the now Scottish isles. The famous Scottish Monastery of St. Jacob at Ratisbon, built around 1090 by Burgrave Otto of Ratisbon in Ratisbon, became the mother-house of a series of other Scots Monasteries, among them Our Blessed Lady at Vienna built in 1158.[citation needed]

Exterior

The first church was a three-aisled Romanesque pillar church with a single apse, destroyed by a fire in 1276.

An earthquake circa 1443 greatly damaged the existing church on the site. Restorations were completed by 1449 but poorly done, due to lack of money, and on 21 May 1634, the roof collapsed in full view of Ferdinand II, Holy Roman Emperor.[citation needed]

The collapse of the tower, struck by a lightning bolt in 1638, was seized as an opportunity to completely rebuild the church in Baroque style. From 1638 to 1641, the reconstruction was undertaken by the architects Carlo Antonio Carlone and Marco Spazzio. From 1643 to 1648, Andrea Allio the Old, Andrea Allio the Young and Silvestro Carlone reworked the nave and the west side.[6][7][8] In the process, the length of the church was somewhat reduced, with the result that the tower no longer stands directly beside the basilica.

After the Turkish siege, the church was restored again.[9] As the baroque west tower was barely higher than the facade itself, its extension has often been discussed, but these plans have never come to fruition. The choir tower was dedicated only in the year 1893.

Interior

 
View of the Freyung and the Schottenkirche, painted by Canaletto in 1758
 
Interior of the Schottenkirche.

Inside, the church is now in high-baroque style with several chapels. Joachim von Sandrart provided the church with a new altar-piece, which today is kept in the prelates' hall.

Between 1883 and 1889, the high altar was built after sketches of Heinrich Ferstel, with Innsbruck glass mosaics by Michael Rieser. Julius Schmid (Austrian, 1854–1935) was artist for the fine ceiling paintings.

Trivia

  • The great Baroque musician Johann Joseph Fux was its organist around 1690.[10]
  • After composer Joseph Haydn died in Vienna, a great memorial service was held in the Schottenkirche on 15 June 1809, at which Mozart's Requiem K.626 was performed.
  • Noted film director Fritz Lang was born in the parish and baptized in the Schottenkirche.
  • Princess Maria-Annunciata von Liechtenstein married Emanuele Musini in this church on 4th September 2021

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Official Website of the Schottenkirche".
  2. ^ "Pfarre Unsere Liebe Frau zu den Schotten" (in German). Erzdiözese Wien. Retrieved 12 November 2007.
  3. ^ a b c Estimated from satellite images provided by Google Earth
  4. ^ Niederkorn-Bruck, Meta (1994). Die Melker Reform im Spiegel der Visitationen. Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag. p. 262. ISBN 3-486-64830-6.
  5. ^ The Latin term Scotti refers to certain Gaelic-speaking people of Ireland (Hibernia) and Western Scotland. In early medieval times Ireland was known, not only as Éire, but also as Scotia as well as Hibernia, the Roman name for Ireland. By late Medieval times it referred more exclusively to what is now Scotland.
  6. ^ Storch, Maria-Luise. . Italien Artists in Austria (in German). Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
  7. ^ Storch, Maria-Luise. . Italien Artists in Austria (in German). Archived from the original on 27 September 2007. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
  8. ^ Menin, Patrizia. "Silvestro Carlone". Italien Artists in Austria (in German). Archived from the original on 12 July 2012. Retrieved 19 November 2007.
  9. ^ Santoro, Nicholas J. (12 August 2011). Mary in Our Life: Atlas of the Names and Titles of Mary, The Mother of Jesus, and Their Place in Marian Devotion. iUniverse. ISBN 9781462040223.
  10. ^ "Johann Joseph Fux | Austrian composer". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 6 November 2017.

References

  • Berger, Wilibald (1966). Schottenstift zu Wien (in German). Wien: Orac.
  • Ferenczy, Heinrich; Merth, Christoph (1980). Schottenstift und seine Kunstwerke. ISBN 3-85368-859-4.

schottenkirche, vienna, schottenkirche, english, scots, church, parish, church, vienna, attached, schottenstift, founded, hiberno, irish, scots, benedictine, monks, 12th, century, 1418, duke, albert, austria, transferred, german, speaking, benedictine, monks, . The Schottenkirche English Scots Church is a parish church in Vienna attached to the Schottenstift founded by Hiberno Irish Scots Benedictine monks in the 12th century In 1418 the Duke Albert V of Austria transferred it to the German speaking Benedictine monks from the Melk Abbey during the Melker Reform initiated after the Council of Constance 4 The church was elevated to the rank of Basilica Minor in 1958 SchottenkircheSchottenkirche Freyung ViennaReligionAffiliationCatholic ChurchLeadershipP Nikolaus Poch o s b 1 LocationLocationVienna AustriaShown within ViennaShow map of ViennaSchottenkirche Vienna Austria Show map of AustriaGeographic coordinates48 12 43 N 16 21 53 E 48 2119 N 16 3647 E 48 2119 16 3647 Coordinates 48 12 43 N 16 21 53 E 48 2119 N 16 3647 E 48 2119 16 3647ArchitectureTypeChurch 2 Basilica MinorStyleBaroqueSpecificationsDirection of facadeWLength55 m 3 Width25 m 3 Width nave 15 m 3 Websitewww wbr schottenpfarre wbr atThe Schottenkirche is located in the Freyung in the first district of Vienna s Innere Stadt Contents 1 History 2 Exterior 3 Interior 4 Trivia 5 See also 6 Notes 7 ReferencesHistory EditSee also Schottenstift ViennaIrish missionaries out of monasteries in Ireland and Scotland Iro Schotten Hiberno Scottish were instrumental in the spread of Christianity in Continental Europe during the Middle Ages 5 Of special importance in Austria is Saint Koloman of Stockerau of Melk killed near Vienna in 1012 This Irish monk of royal lineage killed at Stockerau while on pilgrimage to Jerusalem has been patron saint of Austria until 1663 citation needed During the 11th and the 12th century Iro Schotten Monasteries sprang up intended exclusively for monks from monasteries in Ireland and the now Scottish isles The famous Scottish Monastery of St Jacob at Ratisbon built around 1090 by Burgrave Otto of Ratisbon in Ratisbon became the mother house of a series of other Scots Monasteries among them Our Blessed Lady at Vienna built in 1158 citation needed Exterior EditThe first church was a three aisled Romanesque pillar church with a single apse destroyed by a fire in 1276 An earthquake circa 1443 greatly damaged the existing church on the site Restorations were completed by 1449 but poorly done due to lack of money and on 21 May 1634 the roof collapsed in full view of Ferdinand II Holy Roman Emperor citation needed The collapse of the tower struck by a lightning bolt in 1638 was seized as an opportunity to completely rebuild the church in Baroque style From 1638 to 1641 the reconstruction was undertaken by the architects Carlo Antonio Carlone and Marco Spazzio From 1643 to 1648 Andrea Allio the Old Andrea Allio the Young and Silvestro Carlone reworked the nave and the west side 6 7 8 In the process the length of the church was somewhat reduced with the result that the tower no longer stands directly beside the basilica After the Turkish siege the church was restored again 9 As the baroque west tower was barely higher than the facade itself its extension has often been discussed but these plans have never come to fruition The choir tower was dedicated only in the year 1893 Interior Edit View of the Freyung and the Schottenkirche painted by Canaletto in 1758 Interior of the Schottenkirche Inside the church is now in high baroque style with several chapels Joachim von Sandrart provided the church with a new altar piece which today is kept in the prelates hall Between 1883 and 1889 the high altar was built after sketches of Heinrich Ferstel with Innsbruck glass mosaics by Michael Rieser Julius Schmid Austrian 1854 1935 was artist for the fine ceiling paintings Trivia EditThe great Baroque musician Johann Joseph Fux was its organist around 1690 10 After composer Joseph Haydn died in Vienna a great memorial service was held in the Schottenkirche on 15 June 1809 at which Mozart s Requiem K 626 was performed Noted film director Fritz Lang was born in the parish and baptized in the Schottenkirche Princess Maria Annunciata von Liechtenstein married Emanuele Musini in this church on 4th September 2021See also EditHiberno Scottish missionNotes Edit Official Website of the Schottenkirche Pfarre Unsere Liebe Frau zu den Schotten in German Erzdiozese Wien Retrieved 12 November 2007 a b c Estimated from satellite images provided by Google Earth Niederkorn Bruck Meta 1994 Die Melker Reform im Spiegel der Visitationen Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag p 262 ISBN 3 486 64830 6 The Latin term Scotti refers to certain Gaelic speaking people of Ireland Hibernia and Western Scotland In early medieval times Ireland was known not only as Eire but also as Scotia as well as Hibernia the Roman name for Ireland By late Medieval times it referred more exclusively to what is now Scotland Storch Maria Luise Andrea Allio der Altere Italien Artists in Austria in German Archived from the original on 27 September 2007 Retrieved 19 November 2007 Storch Maria Luise Andrea Allio der Jungere Italien Artists in Austria in German Archived from the original on 27 September 2007 Retrieved 19 November 2007 Menin Patrizia Silvestro Carlone Italien Artists in Austria in German Archived from the original on 12 July 2012 Retrieved 19 November 2007 Santoro Nicholas J 12 August 2011 Mary in Our Life Atlas of the Names and Titles of Mary The Mother of Jesus and Their Place in Marian Devotion iUniverse ISBN 9781462040223 Johann Joseph Fux Austrian composer Encyclopedia Britannica Retrieved 6 November 2017 References Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Schottenkirche Vienna Berger Wilibald 1966 Schottenstift zu Wien in German Wien Orac Ferenczy Heinrich Merth Christoph 1980 Schottenstift und seine Kunstwerke ISBN 3 85368 859 4 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Schottenkirche Vienna amp oldid 1070516105, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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