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Schlosstheater Schwetzingen

December 15, 2023

Schlosstheater Schwetzingen (Schwetzingen palace theater) is a court theater in Schwetzingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The historic building, opened in 1753, is part of Schloss Schwetzingen and since 1952 the principal venue of the Schwetzingen Festival. It is also called Hoftheater (court theater), Hofoper (court opera), and Comoedienhaus (comedy house). The frequently applied name Rokokotheater (Rococo theater) is misleading, because it shows also neoclassical elements, added in 1762.

Schlosstheater Schwetzingen
View of the hall
Alternative names
  • Hoftheater
  • Hofoper
  • Comoedienhaus
General information
LocationSchwetzingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Coordinates49°23′07″N 8°34′07″E / 49.38528°N 8.56861°E / 49.38528; 8.56861
Construction started1752 (1752)
Completed1753 (1753)
Design and construction
Architect(s)Nicolas de Pigage
Schwetzingen Palace and garden
[Interactive fullscreen map + nearby articles]

Schwetzingen Palace and garden
1
Schwetzingen Palace
2
Nördlicher Zirkelsaal (northern circle hall)
3
Südlicher Zirkelsaal (southern circle hall)
4
Rokokotheater (Rococo theatre)
5
Minervatempel (temple)
6
Moschee (mosque)
7
Merkurtempel (temple)
8
Chinesische Brücke (Chinese bridge)
9
Apollotempel (temple)
10
Badhause (bathhouse)
11
Perspektiv (Ende der Welt), illusion
12
Orangerie
13
Tempel der Botanik (temple of botany)
14
Römisches Wasserkastell (Roman water fort)
15
Arion-Brunnen (fountain)
16
Ehrenhof (courtyard)
17
Französischer Garten (French garden)
18
Englischer Garten (English garden)

History edit

 
Plan by Nicolas de Pigage

Karl Theodor, the Pfalzgraf who resided in Mannheim, had the theater built for his summer residence in Schwetzingen in 1752 to the plans of court architect Nicolas de Pigage.[1] It was opened on 15 June 1753, presenting Ignaz Holzbauer's opera Il figlio delle selve.[2] The theater could then be considered a rococo creation, but was expanded with early neoclassical tendencies. While it first had no boxes, it was enlarged in 1762, creating a "box-like" impression. It is the oldest surviving Rangtheater (theater with boxless tiers) in Europe.[3] The Mozart family visited the theater in 1763 and saw a play.[1][4] When Karl Theodor succeeded Maximilian III Joseph of Bavaria as Elector of Bavaria in 1777, the court had to move to Munich and the theater lost its importance. Its original stage machinery was preserved into the 20th century, but it was replaced by modern facilities in the 1950s and again in the 1970s.

As part of the Residenz in the Schwetzingen Castle, it first belonged to the Electors, later to Grand Duchy of Baden, then the state Baden-Württemberg.

On 10 November 2022, the Baden-Württemberg state administration of palaces and gardens announced that the theatre would be renamed the "Pigage-Theatre" on 23 August 2023, the three hundredth birthday of the architect Nicolas de Pigage. The justification for this was that the name "Rococo theatre" only came into use in the Nazi period and is misleading because the theatre contains only a few rococo elements and is mainly neoclassical.[5] Andreas Sturm [de], a CDU member of the Landtag of Baden-Württemberg opposed this renaming publicly, claiming that it destroyed a globally recognised brand. He called the renaming a "secret act without any citizen participation."[6] Sturm found that mentions of the name "Rococo theatre" from the 1920s, showing that the theatre had not received the name in Nazi times. He also submitted a question in the Landtag and organised a petition.[7] On 30 November 2022, the planned renaming was cancelled.

Performances edit

The theater is a fitting location for operas and plays from the Baroque and classical period. Voltaire's L'orphelin de la Chine was premiered in 1755, his tragedy Olimpie was premiered in 1762, staged by Cosimo Alessandro Collini (1727–1806).[8][9] Francesca Lebrun, the sister of Franz Danzi, a leading singer of the Mannheim Opera, performed, for example, the part of Parthenia in Anton Schweitzer's Alceste in Schwetzingen in 1775.

Schwetzingen Festival edit

Main article: Schwetzingen Festival

Since 1952 the theater has been the main venue of the Schwetzinger Festspiele (Schwetzingen Festival), which also presents contemporary operas. More than 35 operas have been commissioned and premiered,[10] including works by Hans Werner Henze, Werner Egk, Udo Zimmermann, Aribert Reimann, Salvatore Sciarrino, Adriana Hölszky, Bernhard Lang, Wolfgang Rihm, Michael Jarrell, Georg Friedrich Haas and Enno Poppe.

 
View of the stage

Premieres have included

Each year the festival has presented the revival of a Baroque or classical opera. Holzbauer's Il figlio delle selve, which had opened the theater in 1753, was performed 250 years later in 2003.[11]

Mozartfest edit

From 1969 the theater has been a venue of the Mozartfest, an annual festival in fall organized by the association Mozartgesellschaft Schwetzingen.[12]

Literature edit

  • Leopold, Silke; Pelker, Bärbel (2004). Hofoper in Schwetzingen (in German). ISBN 3-8253-1524-X.
  • Opel, Rolf Dieter (2006). Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in Schwetzingen und Mannheim (in German). ISBN 978-3-8253-5193-9.
  • Scholderer, Hans-Joachim (1994). Das Schlosstheater Ludwigsburg (in German). ISBN 978-3-924955-13-7.

References edit

  1. ^ a b (PDF) (in German). denkmalpflege-bw.de. 2006. p. 30. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 April 2012. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  2. ^ "Die Hofmusiker – Ignaz Holzbauer" (in German). Forschungsstelle Südwestdeutsche Hofmusik. 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  3. ^ "Schwetzinger SchlossRokokotheater – Ein Ort der Musikgeschichte" (in German). Schwetzingen Festival. 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  4. ^ "Vorhang auf! – Grosse Sonderausstellung Theater um Mozart in Heidelberg und Schwetzingen ab 19. September" (in German). Heidelberger Akademien der Wissenschaften. 2006. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
  5. ^ Schloss Schwetzingen: Rokokotheater wird umbenannt – aus diesen Gründen. In: Schwetzinger Zeitung online, 10 November 2022, accessed 30 November 2022.
  6. ^ Stefan Hagen: Rokoko-Theater soll in "Pigage-Theater" umbenannt werden. In: Rhein-Neckar-Zeitung online, 16 November 2022, retrieved 30 November 2022.
  7. ^ Jürgen Gruler: Schwetzingen: Name „Rokokotheater" wohl nicht aus dem Dritten Reich. In: Schwetzinger Zeitung online, 25 November 2022, accessed on 30 November 2022.
  8. ^ a b c "Schwetzingen: Rokokotheater". Schwetzingen Festival. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  9. ^ Jörg Kreutz (19 November 2011). "Cosimo Alessandro Collini (1727 bis 1806) – Ein europäischer Aufklärer" (in German). staatsanzeiger.de. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  10. ^ "Schwetzinger SWR Festspiele" (in German). Schwetzingen Festival. 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  11. ^ "Schwetzinger Fespiele 2003 – Ignaz Holzbauer (1711–1783) – Il Figlio delle Selve". lorfeo.com. 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2011.
  12. ^ "Mozartgesellschaft Schwetzingen Vereinsprofil" (in German). Mozartgesellschaft Schwetzingen. 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2011.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Schlosstheater Schwetzingen.
  • Schloss Schwetzingen schloss-schwetzingen.de (Schlösserverwaltung Baden-Württemberg)
  • Schwetzingen: Rokokotheater andreas-praefcke.de
  • Schwetzingen 2011 (in German)
  • Acoustics of a selection of famous 18th-century opera houses: Versailles, Markgräfliches Opernhaus, Drottningholm, Schwetzingen Arup Acoustics 2008

December 15, 2023
schlosstheater, schwetzingen, schwetzingen, palace, theater, court, theater, schwetzingen, baden, württemberg, germany, historic, building, opened, 1753, part, schloss, schwetzingen, since, 1952, principal, venue, schwetzingen, festival, also, called, hoftheat. Schlosstheater Schwetzingen Schwetzingen palace theater is a court theater in Schwetzingen Baden Wurttemberg Germany The historic building opened in 1753 is part of Schloss Schwetzingen and since 1952 the principal venue of the Schwetzingen Festival It is also called Hoftheater court theater Hofoper court opera and Comoedienhaus comedy house The frequently applied name Rokokotheater Rococo theater is misleading because it shows also neoclassical elements added in 1762 Schlosstheater SchwetzingenView of the hallAlternative namesHoftheater Hofoper ComoedienhausGeneral informationLocationSchwetzingen Baden Wurttemberg GermanyCoordinates49 23 07 N 8 34 07 E 49 38528 N 8 56861 E 49 38528 8 56861Construction started1752 1752 Completed1753 1753 Design and constructionArchitect s Nicolas de PigageSchwetzingen Palace and garden Interactive fullscreen map nearby articles viewtalkeditSchwetzingen Palace and garden1 Schwetzingen Palace2 Nordlicher Zirkelsaal northern circle hall 3 Sudlicher Zirkelsaal southern circle hall 4 Rokokotheater Rococo theatre 5 Minervatempel temple 6 Moschee mosque 7 Merkurtempel temple 8 Chinesische Brucke Chinese bridge 9 Apollotempel temple 10 Badhause bathhouse 11 Perspektiv Ende der Welt illusion12 Orangerie13 Tempel der Botanik temple of botany 14 Romisches Wasserkastell Roman water fort 15 Arion Brunnen fountain 16 Ehrenhof courtyard 17 Franzosischer Garten French garden 18 Englischer Garten English garden Contents 1 History 2 Performances 2 1 Schwetzingen Festival 2 2 Mozartfest 3 Literature 4 References 5 External linksHistory edit nbsp Plan by Nicolas de PigageKarl Theodor the Pfalzgraf who resided in Mannheim had the theater built for his summer residence in Schwetzingen in 1752 to the plans of court architect Nicolas de Pigage 1 It was opened on 15 June 1753 presenting Ignaz Holzbauer s opera Il figlio delle selve 2 The theater could then be considered a rococo creation but was expanded with early neoclassical tendencies While it first had no boxes it was enlarged in 1762 creating a box like impression It is the oldest surviving Rangtheater theater with boxless tiers in Europe 3 The Mozart family visited the theater in 1763 and saw a play 1 4 When Karl Theodor succeeded Maximilian III Joseph of Bavaria as Elector of Bavaria in 1777 the court had to move to Munich and the theater lost its importance Its original stage machinery was preserved into the 20th century but it was replaced by modern facilities in the 1950s and again in the 1970s As part of the Residenz in the Schwetzingen Castle it first belonged to the Electors later to Grand Duchy of Baden then the state Baden Wurttemberg On 10 November 2022 the Baden Wurttemberg state administration of palaces and gardens announced that the theatre would be renamed the Pigage Theatre on 23 August 2023 the three hundredth birthday of the architect Nicolas de Pigage The justification for this was that the name Rococo theatre only came into use in the Nazi period and is misleading because the theatre contains only a few rococo elements and is mainly neoclassical 5 Andreas Sturm de a CDU member of the Landtag of Baden Wurttemberg opposed this renaming publicly claiming that it destroyed a globally recognised brand He called the renaming a secret act without any citizen participation 6 Sturm found that mentions of the name Rococo theatre from the 1920s showing that the theatre had not received the name in Nazi times He also submitted a question in the Landtag and organised a petition 7 On 30 November 2022 the planned renaming was cancelled Performances editThe theater is a fitting location for operas and plays from the Baroque and classical period Voltaire s L orphelin de la Chine was premiered in 1755 his tragedy Olimpie was premiered in 1762 staged by Cosimo Alessandro Collini 1727 1806 8 9 Francesca Lebrun the sister of Franz Danzi a leading singer of the Mannheim Opera performed for example the part of Parthenia in Anton Schweitzer s Alceste in Schwetzingen in 1775 Schwetzingen Festival edit Main article Schwetzingen Festival Since 1952 the theater has been the main venue of the Schwetzinger Festspiele Schwetzingen Festival which also presents contemporary operas More than 35 operas have been commissioned and premiered 10 including works by Hans Werner Henze Werner Egk Udo Zimmermann Aribert Reimann Salvatore Sciarrino Adriana Holszky Bernhard Lang Wolfgang Rihm Michael Jarrell Georg Friedrich Haas and Enno Poppe nbsp View of the stagePremieres have included Werner Egk Der Revisor 9 May 1957 Gerhard Wimberger La Battaglia 12 May 1960 Hans Werner Henze Elegie fur junge Liebende 20 May 1961 8 Wolfgang Fortner In seinem Garten liebt Don Perlimplin Belisa 10 May 1962 Boris Blacher Demeter ballet 1964 Bernd Alois Zimmermann Presence ballet 1968 Giselher Klebe Das Marchen von der schonen Lilie 15 May 1969 Aribert Reimann Melusine 29 Apr 1971 Arne Nordheim The Tempest ballet 1979 Hans Werner Henze Pollicino 1981 Udo Zimmermann Die wundersame Schustersfrau 1982 Hans Werner Henze Die englische Katze 2 June 1983 Rudolf Kelterborn Ophelia 1984 Hans Jurgen von Bose Die Leiden des jungen Werthers 1 May 1986 Rolf Liebermann Der Wald 1988 Georg Katzer Gastmahl oder Uber die Liebe 1988 Manfred Trojahn Enrico 11 Apr 1991 Helge Jorns Spiel von Liebefall 1991 Eckehard Mayer Sansibar 1994 Violeta Dinescu Schachnovelle 1994 Hans Werner Henze Tanzstunden 1997 Detlef Heusinger Babylon 1997 Salvatore Sciarrino Luci mie traditrici 19 May 1998 Karl Wieland Kurz Gute Miene boses Spiel 2000 Manuel Hidalgo de Bacon 2001 Salvatore Sciarrino Macbeth 6 June 2002 Premiere of the Year 8 Frederik Zeller Zaubern 2005 Salvatore Sciarrino Da gelo a gelo 21 May 2006 Bernhard Lang Der Alte vom Berge 2007 Adriana Holszky Hybris Niobe Drama fur Stimmen 2008 Wolfgang Rihm Proserpina Monodram fur Sopran Frauenchor und Orchester 2009 Michael Jarrell Le Pere Musiktheater 2010 Georg Friedrich Haas Bluthaus 2011 Enno Poppe IQ 2012 Georg Friedrich Haas Thomas 2013 Bernhard Lang Re igen de 2014 Hector Parra Wilde 2015 Georg Friedrich Haas Koma 2016 Premiere of the Year Annette Schlunz Tre Volti Drei Blicke auf Liebe und Krieg Musiktheater 2017 Jose Maria Sanchez Verdu Argo de Dramma in musica 2018 Elena Mendoza Der Fall Babel Musiktheater 2019 Each year the festival has presented the revival of a Baroque or classical opera Holzbauer s Il figlio delle selve which had opened the theater in 1753 was performed 250 years later in 2003 11 Mozartfest edit From 1969 the theater has been a venue of the Mozartfest an annual festival in fall organized by the association Mozartgesellschaft Schwetzingen 12 Literature editLeopold Silke Pelker Barbel 2004 Hofoper in Schwetzingen in German ISBN 3 8253 1524 X Opel Rolf Dieter 2006 Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in Schwetzingen und Mannheim in German ISBN 978 3 8253 5193 9 Scholderer Hans Joachim 1994 Das Schlosstheater Ludwigsburg in German ISBN 978 3 924955 13 7 References edit a b Schwetzingen Die kurfurstliche Sommerresidenz Gartenkunstwerk und freimaurerische Ideen Nominierung zur Eintragung in die UNESCO Welterbeliste PDF in German denkmalpflege bw de 2006 p 30 Archived from the original PDF on 26 April 2012 Retrieved 30 November 2011 Die Hofmusiker Ignaz Holzbauer in German Forschungsstelle Sudwestdeutsche Hofmusik 2011 Retrieved 30 November 2011 Schwetzinger SchlossRokokotheater Ein Ort der Musikgeschichte in German Schwetzingen Festival 2011 Retrieved 30 November 2011 Vorhang auf Grosse Sonderausstellung Theater um Mozart in Heidelberg und Schwetzingen ab 19 September in German Heidelberger Akademien der Wissenschaften 2006 Retrieved 29 November 2011 Schloss Schwetzingen Rokokotheater wird umbenannt aus diesen Grunden In Schwetzinger Zeitung online 10 November 2022 accessed 30 November 2022 Stefan Hagen Rokoko Theater soll in Pigage Theater umbenannt werden In Rhein Neckar Zeitung online 16 November 2022 retrieved 30 November 2022 Jurgen Gruler Schwetzingen Name Rokokotheater wohl nicht aus dem Dritten Reich In Schwetzinger Zeitung online 25 November 2022 accessed on 30 November 2022 a b c Schwetzingen Rokokotheater Schwetzingen Festival Retrieved 30 November 2011 Jorg Kreutz 19 November 2011 Cosimo Alessandro Collini 1727 bis 1806 Ein europaischer Aufklarer in German staatsanzeiger de Retrieved 30 November 2011 Schwetzinger SWR Festspiele in German Schwetzingen Festival 2011 Retrieved 30 November 2011 Schwetzinger Fespiele 2003 Ignaz Holzbauer 1711 1783 Il Figlio delle Selve lorfeo com 2011 Retrieved 30 November 2011 Mozartgesellschaft Schwetzingen Vereinsprofil in German Mozartgesellschaft Schwetzingen 2011 Retrieved 29 November 2011 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Schlosstheater Schwetzingen Schloss Schwetzingen schloss schwetzingen de Schlosserverwaltung Baden Wurttemberg Schwetzingen Rokokotheater andreas praefcke de Schwetzinger Mozartfest Schwetzingen 2011 in German Acoustics of a selection of famous 18th century opera houses Versailles Markgrafliches Opernhaus Drottningholm Schwetzingen Arup Acoustics 2008 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Schlosstheater Schwetzingen amp oldid 1166693243, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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