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Nordic noir

May 11, 2023

Nordic noir, also known as Scandinavian noir or Scandi noir, is a genre of crime fiction usually written from a police point of view and set in Scandinavia or Nordic countries. Plain language avoiding metaphor and set in bleak landscapes results in a dark and morally complex mood, depicting a tension between the apparently still and bland social surface and the murder, misogyny, misandry, rape, and racism it depicts as lying underneath. It contrasts with the whodunit style such as the English country house murder mystery.

Nordic Noir in a Helsinki library

Some of the best known Nordic noir authors include Jo Nesbø from Norway, Henning Mankell, Stieg Larsson and Camilla Läckberg from Sweden, Jussi Adler-Olsen from Denmark and Arnaldur Indriðason from Iceland. The popularity of Nordic noir has extended to the screen, with TV-series such as The Killing, The Bridge,[1][2] Trapped,[3][4] and Bordertown.[5]

Origins

There are differing views on the origins but most commentators agree that the genre had become well established as a literary genre by the 1990s; Swedish writer Henning Mankell, who has sometimes been referred to as "the father of Nordic noir",[6] notes that the Martin Beck series of novels by Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö "broke with the previous trends in crime fiction" and pioneered a new style: "They were influenced and inspired by the American writer Ed McBain. They realized that there was a huge unexplored territory in which crime novels could form the framework for stories containing social criticism."[7] Kerstin Bergman notes that "what made Sjöwall and Wahlöö's novels stand out from previous crime fiction – and what made it so influential in the following decades – was, above all, the conscious inclusion of a critical perspective on Swedish society."[8]

Henning Mankell's books on "Kurt Wallander" made the genre a mass phenomenon in the 1990s. Norwegian author Karin Fossum's books on "Inspector Sejer" were also highly influential and widely translated.[9] British author Barry Forshaw suggested that Peter Høeg's atmospheric novel Miss Smilla's Feeling for Snow was "massively influential" as the true progenitor of the "Scandinavian New Wave" and, by setting its counter-intuitive heroine in Copenhagen and Greenland, that it inaugurated the current Scandinavian crime writing wave.[10]

One critic opines, "Nordic crime fiction carries a more respectable cachet... than similar genre fiction produced in Britain or the US".[11] Language, heroes and settings are three commonalities in the genre, which features plain, direct writing style without metaphor.[12] The novels are often police procedural, focusing on the monotonous, day-to-day work of police, often involving the simultaneous investigation of several crimes.[13] Examples especially include Henning Mankell's Kurt Wallander detective series, and Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö's Martin Beck novels.[14]

Until the 2010s, the genre had no particular name, but was sometimes referred to descriptively as "Nordic crime fiction" or "Scandinavian crime fiction". Within the Nordic countries themselves, this is still the case. The terms "Nordic noir" and "Scandinavian noir" are used largely interchangeably in English. In the English-speaking world, the term "Nordic noir" was coined by the Scandinavian Department at the University College of London and gained further usage in the British media in the 2010s beginning with the airing of the BBC documentary called the Nordic Noir: The Story of Scandinavian Crime Fiction.[15] The Guardian also referred to The Killing as Nordic noir.[15][16] These factors underscore that the term is considered typical of a phenomenon seen as uniting the viewpoint of foreign eye towards recognizable Nordic context.[15] Nordic noir remains a foreign term, as it is not normally used in the Nordic countries and has no equally established equivalent in the Scandinavian or other languages of the Nordic countries.

Features

Some critics attribute the genre's success to a distinctive and appealing style, "realistic, simple and precise... and stripped of unnecessary words".[12] Their protagonists are typically morose detectives[17] or ones worn down by cares and far from simply heroic.[12] In this way, the protagonists' lives cast a light on the flaws of society, which are beyond the crime itself.[18] This is associated with how this genre often tackles a murder mystery that is linked with several storylines and themes such as the investigation of the dark underbelly of modern society.[19] This is demonstrated in the case of the Insomnia films, which featured crime-solving linked to the decline of the Nordic welfare state.[20]

A description of Nordic noir cited that it is typified by a dimly lit aesthetic, matched by a slow and melancholic pace, as well as multi-layered storylines.[19] It often features a mix of bleak naturalism and disconsolate locations, with a focus on the sense of place where bad things can happen.[17] These were the distinguishing emotions of the series Bordertown, which were further combined with an atmosphere arising from the fear of Russia.[17]

The works also owe something to Scandinavia's political system where the apparent equality, social justice, and liberalism of the Nordic model is seen to cover up dark secrets and hidden hatreds. Stieg Larsson's Millennium trilogy, for example, deals with misogyny and rape, while Henning Mankell's Faceless Killers focuses on Sweden's failure to integrate its immigrant population.[12][21]

Television

The term "nordic noir" is also applied to films and television series in this genre, both adaptations of novels and original screenplays. Notable examples are The Killing, The Bridge,[22] Trapped, Bordertown,[1] Deadwind[23] and Lakeside Murders.[24]

Critic Boyd Tonkin has suggested that the British but heavily Scandinavian-influenced Shetland Isles and Outer Hebrides have produced authors in an allied, if not precisely identical tradition.[25] Exponents include Ann Cleeves, whose Shetland books have been adapted for television, and Peter May's Lewis Trilogy. The relatively slower narrative pace of UK crime dramas Broadchurch, The Missing and River is also credited to a "Scandinavian noir" influence.[26]

Subtitled original programmes have proven more popular with British audiences.[citation needed] International adaptations such as Sky Television's French/British The Tunnel (adapted from the Swedish/Danish The Bridge) have their own identity whilst retaining a stylistic and thematic affinity with the original series. While American cinema brought the English language movie version of The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo to a worldwide audience, receiving plaudits and was a box-office success, the American adaptations such as The Killing have fared less well critically[27] and have proven less popular in terms of audience reaction than original productions, an example being the enduring interest in Arne Dahl's Intercrime series, originally titled The A Team, and its TV adaptations.

In February and March 2021 UK's BBC Four broadcast the Finnish psychological thriller Man in Room 301 (Finnish: "Huone 301").[28][29][30][31]

Authors

Authors who have contributed to the creation and establishment of this genre include:[10]

Finnish

Icelandic

Danish

Norwegian

Swedish

Faroese

Lithuanian

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Hale, Mike (24 October 2017). "In Three Nordic Noir Streaming Series, Women Investigators Fight the Chill". The New York Times. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  2. ^ "Netflix goes Nordic Noir with new Swedish thriller". 8 September 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  3. ^ Mike Hale, “Review: Like Nordic Noir? ‘Trapped’ Is Chilly, and Pulls You In.” New York Times, Feb. 17, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/17/arts/television/review-like-nordic-noir-trapped-is-chilly-and-pulls-you-in.html
  4. ^ The Futon Critic. 11/13/20. Acclaimed Icelandic Series "Trapped" Gets a Sequel Season and Goes to Netflix. http://www.thefutoncritic.com/news/2020/11/13/acclaimed-icelandic-series-trapped-gets-a-sequel-season-and-goes-to-netflix-488204/20201113netflix01/
  5. ^ Dan Webster. “More Nordic noir: Finland’s series “Bordertown.” The Spokesman-Review. Wed., Aug. 26, 2020. https://www.spokesman.com/7blog/2020/aug/26/more-nordic-noir-finlands-series-bordertown/
  6. ^ "Nordic noir author Henning Mankell loses battle with cancer".
  7. ^ Mankell, Henning (2006). Introduction to Roseanna. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-743911-3.
  8. ^ Bergman, Kerstin (2014). Swedish Crime Fiction: The Making of Nordic Noir. Mimesis International. ISBN 978-88-575-1983-8.
  9. ^ Barry Forshaw, Nordic Noir: The Pocket Essential Guide to Scandinavian Crime Fiction, Film & TV, Oldcastle Books, 2013.
  10. ^ a b Forshaw, Barry (2013). Nordic Noir. Pocket Essentials. ISBN 978-1-84243-987-6.
  11. ^ Forshaw, Barry (July 8, 2011). "New stars of Nordic noir: Norway's authors discuss their country's crime wave". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on 2022-06-21. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
  12. ^ a b c d "Scandinavian crime fiction – Inspector Norse – Why are Nordic detective novels so successful?". The Economist. March 11, 2010. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
  13. ^ Miller, Laura (January 15, 2010). "The Strange Case of the Nordic Detectives". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
  14. ^ "Nordic Noir and the Welfare State". Ideas (blog). The New York Times. March 19, 2010. Retrieved 5 September 2011.
  15. ^ a b c Garcia, Alberto (2016). Emotions in Contemporary TV Series. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 138. ISBN 9781349849369.
  16. ^ Frost, Vicky (2011-11-03). "The Return of The Killing". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-01-18.
  17. ^ a b c Mrozewicz, Anna Estera (2018). Beyond Eastern Noir: Reimagining Russia and Eastern Europe in Nordic Cinemas. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. p. 17. ISBN 9781474418102.
  18. ^ Hansen, Kim Toft; Peacock, Steven; Turnbull, Sue (2018). European Television Crime Drama and Beyond. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 27. ISBN 9783319968865.
  19. ^ a b Hansen, Kim; Waade, Anne (2017). Locating Nordic Noir: From Beck to The Bridge. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 17. ISBN 9783319598147.
  20. ^ Hjort, Mette; Lindqvist, Ursula (2016). A Companion to Nordic Cinema. Malden, MA: John Wiley & Sons. p. 444. ISBN 9781118475256.
  21. ^ Marc Sidwell, "Sweden turns the page and Scandinavian noir explains why" 2014-01-07 at the Wayback Machine, City AM, August 28, 2012
  22. ^ "Nordic Noir & Beyond". NordicNoirTV. Retrieved 2016-04-15.
  23. ^ Patton, Rebecca (August 23, 2018). "Don't Worry, There's Definitely More 'Deadwind' On The Way — But It Could Be A While". Bustle.
  24. ^ Lehtinen, Nina (November 26, 2021). "Rikosdraama Koskinen saa paljasjalkaisen tamperelaisen punastumaan mielihyvästä – Katsoimme ennakkoon Tampereen seudulla kuvatun uutuussarjan, näitä paikkoja siitä voi bongata" [Crime drama Koskinen makes a barefoot Tampereer blush with pleasure - We looked in advance at the new series filmed in the Tampere region, these places can be spotted]. Aamulehti.
  25. ^ Tonkin, Boyd (29 December 2012). "The new wave of 'Nordic' noir comes from within the UK". The Independent. Independent Newspapers. Archived from the original on 2022-06-21. Retrieved 28 April 2016.
  26. ^ Lawson, Mark (15 March 2017). "Scandi noir is dead". The Guardian. Retrieved 31 December 2017.
  27. ^ Hale, Mike (28 March 2012). "The Danes Do Murder Differently". New York Times - Television. Retrieved 30 April 2016.
  28. ^ "NORDIC NOIR BBC Four acquires new Finnish series Huone 301". 2 January 2021.
  29. ^ "BBC Four - Man in Room 301, Series 1, Episode 1". BBC.
  30. ^ Croll, Ben (October 14, 2020). "'Man in Room 301' Writer Kate Ashfield Breaks Borders With Family Thriller".
  31. ^ "TV tonight: Finnish thriller Man in Room 301 begins". the Guardian. February 27, 2021.

Further reading

  • Bergman, Kerstin (2014). Swedish Crime Fiction: The Making of Nordic Noir. Mimesis International. ISBN 978-88-575-1983-8
  • Forshaw, Barry (2013). Nordic Noir: The Pocket Essential Guide to Scandinavian Crime Fiction, Film & TV. Harpenden: Pocket Essentials. ISBN 978-1-84243-987-6.
  • Lesser, Wendy (2020). Scandinavian Noir: In Pursuit of a Mystery. Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • Nestingen, Andrew & Arvas, Paula, eds. (2011). Scandinavian Crime Fiction. University of Wales Press.

External links

 
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Nordic noir.

May 11, 2023
nordic, noir, also, known, scandinavian, noir, scandi, noir, genre, crime, fiction, usually, written, from, police, point, view, scandinavia, nordic, countries, plain, language, avoiding, metaphor, bleak, landscapes, results, dark, morally, complex, mood, depi. Nordic noir also known as Scandinavian noir or Scandi noir is a genre of crime fiction usually written from a police point of view and set in Scandinavia or Nordic countries Plain language avoiding metaphor and set in bleak landscapes results in a dark and morally complex mood depicting a tension between the apparently still and bland social surface and the murder misogyny misandry rape and racism it depicts as lying underneath It contrasts with the whodunit style such as the English country house murder mystery Nordic Noir in a Helsinki library Some of the best known Nordic noir authors include Jo Nesbo from Norway Henning Mankell Stieg Larsson and Camilla Lackberg from Sweden Jussi Adler Olsen from Denmark and Arnaldur Indridason from Iceland The popularity of Nordic noir has extended to the screen with TV series such as The Killing The Bridge 1 2 Trapped 3 4 and Bordertown 5 Contents 1 Origins 2 Features 3 Television 4 Authors 4 1 Finnish 4 2 Icelandic 4 3 Danish 4 4 Norwegian 4 5 Swedish 4 6 Faroese 4 7 Lithuanian 5 See also 6 References 7 Further reading 8 External linksOrigins EditThere are differing views on the origins but most commentators agree that the genre had become well established as a literary genre by the 1990s Swedish writer Henning Mankell who has sometimes been referred to as the father of Nordic noir 6 notes that the Martin Beck series of novels by Maj Sjowall and Per Wahloo broke with the previous trends in crime fiction and pioneered a new style They were influenced and inspired by the American writer Ed McBain They realized that there was a huge unexplored territory in which crime novels could form the framework for stories containing social criticism 7 Kerstin Bergman notes that what made Sjowall and Wahloo s novels stand out from previous crime fiction and what made it so influential in the following decades was above all the conscious inclusion of a critical perspective on Swedish society 8 Henning Mankell s books on Kurt Wallander made the genre a mass phenomenon in the 1990s Norwegian author Karin Fossum s books on Inspector Sejer were also highly influential and widely translated 9 British author Barry Forshaw suggested that Peter Hoeg s atmospheric novel Miss Smilla s Feeling for Snow was massively influential as the true progenitor of the Scandinavian New Wave and by setting its counter intuitive heroine in Copenhagen and Greenland that it inaugurated the current Scandinavian crime writing wave 10 One critic opines Nordic crime fiction carries a more respectable cachet than similar genre fiction produced in Britain or the US 11 Language heroes and settings are three commonalities in the genre which features plain direct writing style without metaphor 12 The novels are often police procedural focusing on the monotonous day to day work of police often involving the simultaneous investigation of several crimes 13 Examples especially include Henning Mankell s Kurt Wallander detective series and Maj Sjowall and Per Wahloo s Martin Beck novels 14 Until the 2010s the genre had no particular name but was sometimes referred to descriptively as Nordic crime fiction or Scandinavian crime fiction Within the Nordic countries themselves this is still the case The terms Nordic noir and Scandinavian noir are used largely interchangeably in English In the English speaking world the term Nordic noir was coined by the Scandinavian Department at the University College of London and gained further usage in the British media in the 2010s beginning with the airing of the BBC documentary called the Nordic Noir The Story of Scandinavian Crime Fiction 15 The Guardian also referred to The Killing as Nordic noir 15 16 These factors underscore that the term is considered typical of a phenomenon seen as uniting the viewpoint of foreign eye towards recognizable Nordic context 15 Nordic noir remains a foreign term as it is not normally used in the Nordic countries and has no equally established equivalent in the Scandinavian or other languages of the Nordic countries Features EditSome critics attribute the genre s success to a distinctive and appealing style realistic simple and precise and stripped of unnecessary words 12 Their protagonists are typically morose detectives 17 or ones worn down by cares and far from simply heroic 12 In this way the protagonists lives cast a light on the flaws of society which are beyond the crime itself 18 This is associated with how this genre often tackles a murder mystery that is linked with several storylines and themes such as the investigation of the dark underbelly of modern society 19 This is demonstrated in the case of the Insomnia films which featured crime solving linked to the decline of the Nordic welfare state 20 A description of Nordic noir cited that it is typified by a dimly lit aesthetic matched by a slow and melancholic pace as well as multi layered storylines 19 It often features a mix of bleak naturalism and disconsolate locations with a focus on the sense of place where bad things can happen 17 These were the distinguishing emotions of the series Bordertown which were further combined with an atmosphere arising from the fear of Russia 17 The works also owe something to Scandinavia s political system where the apparent equality social justice and liberalism of the Nordic model is seen to cover up dark secrets and hidden hatreds Stieg Larsson s Millennium trilogy for example deals with misogyny and rape while Henning Mankell s Faceless Killers focuses on Sweden s failure to integrate its immigrant population 12 21 Television EditThe term nordic noir is also applied to films and television series in this genre both adaptations of novels and original screenplays Notable examples are The Killing The Bridge 22 Trapped Bordertown 1 Deadwind 23 and Lakeside Murders 24 Critic Boyd Tonkin has suggested that the British but heavily Scandinavian influenced Shetland Isles and Outer Hebrides have produced authors in an allied if not precisely identical tradition 25 Exponents include Ann Cleeves whose Shetland books have been adapted for television and Peter May s Lewis Trilogy The relatively slower narrative pace of UK crime dramas Broadchurch The Missing and River is also credited to a Scandinavian noir influence 26 Subtitled original programmes have proven more popular with British audiences citation needed International adaptations such as Sky Television s French British The Tunnel adapted from the Swedish Danish The Bridge have their own identity whilst retaining a stylistic and thematic affinity with the original series While American cinema brought the English language movie version of The Girl With the Dragon Tattoo to a worldwide audience receiving plaudits and was a box office success the American adaptations such as The Killing have fared less well critically 27 and have proven less popular in terms of audience reaction than original productions an example being the enduring interest in Arne Dahl s Intercrime series originally titled The A Team and its TV adaptations In February and March 2021 UK s BBC Four broadcast the Finnish psychological thriller Man in Room 301 Finnish Huone 301 28 29 30 31 Authors EditAuthors who have contributed to the creation and establishment of this genre include 10 Finnish Edit Leena Lehtolainen Reijo Maki Mikko Porvali Matti Ronka Christian Ronnbacka Max SeeckIcelandic Edit Arnaldur Indridason Yrsa Sigurdardottir Ragnar JonassonDanish Edit Jussi Adler Olsen Leif Davidsen Peter HoegNorwegian Edit Alex Dahl Kjell Ola Dahl Thomas Enger Karin Fossum Anne Holt Jorn Lier Horst Hans Olav Lahlum Christer Mjaset Jo Nesbo Pernille Rygg Gunnar Staalesen Frode Sander Oien Samuel Bjork Jorgen Brekke no Swedish Edit Jan Arnald Arne Dahl Karin Alvtegen Majgull Axelsson Annika Bryn LiseLotte Divelli Ake Edwardson Kerstin Ekman Kjell Eriksson Borge Hellstrom Anna Jansson P C Jersild Mari Jungstedt Mons Kallentoft Robert Karjel Camilla Lackberg Jens Lapidus Stieg Larsson Asa Larsson Goran Lundin Henning Mankell Liza Marklund Anders de la Motte Hakan Nesser Leif G W Persson Anders Roslund Carl Johan Vallgren Maj Sjowall and Per Wahloo Johan Theorin Helene Tursten Lars KeplerFaroese Edit Jogvan IsaksenLithuanian Edit Emilis VelyvisSee also EditDetective Varg series lighthearted stories set in Sweden and described as Scandi blanc References Edit a b Hale Mike 24 October 2017 In Three Nordic Noir Streaming Series Women Investigators Fight the Chill The New York Times Retrieved 2 April 2018 Netflix goes Nordic Noir with new Swedish thriller 8 September 2017 Retrieved 2 April 2018 Mike Hale Review Like Nordic Noir Trapped Is Chilly and Pulls You In New York Times Feb 17 2017 https www nytimes com 2017 02 17 arts television review like nordic noir trapped is chilly and pulls you in html The Futon Critic 11 13 20 Acclaimed Icelandic Series Trapped Gets a Sequel Season and Goes to Netflix http www thefutoncritic com news 2020 11 13 acclaimed icelandic series trapped gets a sequel season and goes to netflix 488204 20201113netflix01 Dan Webster More Nordic noir Finland s series Bordertown The Spokesman Review Wed Aug 26 2020 https www spokesman com 7blog 2020 aug 26 more nordic noir finlands series bordertown Nordic noir author Henning Mankell loses battle with cancer Mankell Henning 2006 Introduction to Roseanna HarperCollins ISBN 0 00 743911 3 Bergman Kerstin 2014 Swedish Crime Fiction The Making of Nordic Noir Mimesis International ISBN 978 88 575 1983 8 Barry Forshaw Nordic Noir The Pocket Essential Guide to Scandinavian Crime Fiction Film amp TV Oldcastle Books 2013 a b Forshaw Barry 2013 Nordic Noir Pocket Essentials ISBN 978 1 84243 987 6 Forshaw Barry July 8 2011 New stars of Nordic noir Norway s authors discuss their country s crime wave The Independent London Archived from the original on 2022 06 21 Retrieved 5 September 2011 a b c d Scandinavian crime fiction Inspector Norse Why are Nordic detective novels so successful The Economist March 11 2010 Retrieved 5 September 2011 Miller Laura January 15 2010 The Strange Case of the Nordic Detectives The Wall Street Journal Retrieved 5 September 2011 Nordic Noir and the Welfare State Ideas blog The New York Times March 19 2010 Retrieved 5 September 2011 a b c Garcia Alberto 2016 Emotions in Contemporary TV Series New York Palgrave Macmillan p 138 ISBN 9781349849369 Frost Vicky 2011 11 03 The Return of The Killing The Guardian ISSN 0261 3077 Retrieved 2019 01 18 a b c Mrozewicz Anna Estera 2018 Beyond Eastern Noir Reimagining Russia and Eastern Europe in Nordic Cinemas Edinburgh Edinburgh University Press p 17 ISBN 9781474418102 Hansen Kim Toft Peacock Steven Turnbull Sue 2018 European Television Crime Drama and Beyond Palgrave Macmillan p 27 ISBN 9783319968865 a b Hansen Kim Waade Anne 2017 Locating Nordic Noir From Beck to The Bridge Cham Palgrave Macmillan p 17 ISBN 9783319598147 Hjort Mette Lindqvist Ursula 2016 A Companion to Nordic Cinema Malden MA John Wiley amp Sons p 444 ISBN 9781118475256 Marc Sidwell Sweden turns the page and Scandinavian noir explains why Archived 2014 01 07 at the Wayback Machine City AM August 28 2012 Nordic Noir amp Beyond NordicNoirTV Retrieved 2016 04 15 Patton Rebecca August 23 2018 Don t Worry There s Definitely More Deadwind On The Way But It Could Be A While Bustle Lehtinen Nina November 26 2021 Rikosdraama Koskinen saa paljasjalkaisen tamperelaisen punastumaan mielihyvasta Katsoimme ennakkoon Tampereen seudulla kuvatun uutuussarjan naita paikkoja siita voi bongata Crime drama Koskinen makes a barefoot Tampereer blush with pleasure We looked in advance at the new series filmed in the Tampere region these places can be spotted Aamulehti Tonkin Boyd 29 December 2012 The new wave of Nordic noir comes from within the UK The Independent Independent Newspapers Archived from the original on 2022 06 21 Retrieved 28 April 2016 Lawson Mark 15 March 2017 Scandi noir is dead The Guardian Retrieved 31 December 2017 Hale Mike 28 March 2012 The Danes Do Murder Differently New York Times Television Retrieved 30 April 2016 NORDIC NOIR BBC Four acquires new Finnish series Huone 301 2 January 2021 BBC Four Man in Room 301 Series 1 Episode 1 BBC Croll Ben October 14 2020 Man in Room 301 Writer Kate Ashfield Breaks Borders With Family Thriller TV tonight Finnish thriller Man in Room 301 begins the Guardian February 27 2021 Further reading EditBergman Kerstin 2014 Swedish Crime Fiction The Making of Nordic Noir Mimesis International ISBN 978 88 575 1983 8 Forshaw Barry 2013 Nordic Noir The Pocket Essential Guide to Scandinavian Crime Fiction Film amp TV Harpenden Pocket Essentials ISBN 978 1 84243 987 6 Lesser Wendy 2020 Scandinavian Noir In Pursuit of a Mystery Farrar Straus and Giroux Nestingen Andrew amp Arvas Paula eds 2011 Scandinavian Crime Fiction University of Wales Press External links Edit Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Nordic noir Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Nordic noir amp oldid 1148167076, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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