Save the Redwoods League
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Save the Redwoods League is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to protect and restore coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens) and giant sequoia (Sequoiadendron giganteum) trees through the preemptive purchase of development rights of notable areas with such forests.
Primary logo | |
Commemorative centennial logo and tagline | |
| Abbreviation | StRL |
|---|---|
| Formation | 1918 |
| Founders | |
| Type | Land trust |
| 94-0843915 | |
| Legal status | Nonprofit organization |
| Purpose | Forest conservation |
| Headquarters | 111 Sutter St., 11th Floor San Francisco, CA 94104 |
| Coordinates | 37°47′23″N 122°24′09″W / 37.7898°N 122.4026°W |
Region | N. California coastal forests |
| Methods | Conservation easements |
| Samuel M. Hodder | |
| Justin Faggioli | |
| Rolando Cohen | |
| Tim Whalen | |
| 13 members | |
Revenue (2018) | US$21,715,569[1] |
| Expenses (2018) | US$14,956,727[1] |
| Endowment (2018) | US$100,129,734[1] |
Staff (2018) | 8[2] |
| Website | www |
It relies on donations from private individuals as well as funding from foundations, corporations, government agencies, and investments to buy, restore, and provide public access to redwood forest lands.[3] The League has protected more than 200,000 acres (810 km2) of forestland.[4] As of 2018, the League has helped create 66 redwood parks and reserves, including Humboldt Redwoods State Park and Redwood National and State Parks.[5]
In addition to purchasing and protecting land, Save the Redwoods League supports restoration, research, and education programs, and gives small grants to other organizations involved in ecological conservation. Save the Redwoods League maintains and updates a website which offers information, photos, and progress reports.
History edit
In 1917, National Park Service Director Stephen Mather asked conservationists John C. Merriam, Madison Grant, and Henry Fairfield Osborn to travel to northern California to investigate the status of the old-growth coast redwoods that were reportedly being logged in vast numbers for building materials.[6] All four of these men were members of the Boone and Crockett Club.[7]
After witnessing the devastation of the forests on their trip, Merriam, Grant, and Osborn decided that protecting the ancient redwoods by purchasing groves and creating a public park was an urgent endeavor, and in 1918 they established Save the Redwoods League to achieve this goal. The first donors to the League were Stephen Mather, E.C. Bradley, William Kent, Henry Fairfield Osborn, and Madison Grant.[8]
In 1919, Newton B. Drury became the first Executive Secretary for Save the Redwoods League. He provided leadership to the League for the next 58 years, also serving as a National Park Service and California State Parks leader.
Also in 1919, members of the California Federation of Women’s Clubs established the Women’s Save the Redwoods League in Humboldt County. This group had roots over a decade in the making. It was in 1908 that the Humboldt County Federation of Women’s Clubs sent a children's petition with over 2,000 signatures to the U.S. Forest Service requesting that President Theodore Roosevelt establish a national redwood park.[9]
Newton B. Drury and the League were instrumental in uniting and forming the California State Park system with the passage of two bills in the California State Legislature that were signed into law by Governor C.C. Young on May 25, 1927.[10]
Major League acquisitions and projects the League supported in the 1930s included the 9,400-acre Rockefeller Forest addition to Humboldt Redwoods State Park, Calaveras North Grove of giant sequoias for Calaveras Big Trees State Park, and 8,252 acres for Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park.
In 1944, the League acquired 4,280 acres for Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park. In 1945, the League and the Garden Club of America raised money to create the 5,000-acre National Tribute Grove in that same park honoring World War II service members. In 1948, dawn redwoods (Metasequoia glyptostroboides), thought to be extinct were discovered in China and the League funded scientist Ralph Chaney's trip to investigate.
From 1951-1959, the League's Newton Drury was the director of the California Division of Beaches and Parks, later known as the California State Parks system. In 1954, the League helped acquire the South Grove of giant sequoias to be added to Calaveras Big Trees State Park.
In 1960, the Avenue of the Giants Parkway was founded in Humboldt Redwoods State Park preceded by a 40-year land acquisition process by the League. In 1968, after years of lobbying, Redwood National Park was established by Congress.
In the 1970s and 1980s, the League continued to protect land for redwood parks. Notable acquisitions included 1,662 acres for Purisima Creek Redwoods Open Space Preserve and 3,858-acre Big Creek Reserve for Julia Pfeiffer Burns State Park.
In the 1980s and 1990s, Navarro River Redwoods State Park lands were purchased by the League and land was acquired for Limekiln State Park and Wilder Ranch State Park. In 2001, the League purchased the Dillonwood giant sequoia grove and transferred it to Sequoia National Park. In 2002, the League purchased the 25,000-acre Mill Creek Forest, its largest acquisition to date which became part of Del Norte Coast Redwoods State Park. In the 2000s, the League protected 7,334 acres for Mendocino Headlands State Park. In 2009, the League's Redwood Climate Change Initiative at Humboldt State University began.
In the 2010s, the League helped protect Noyo River Redwoods, Four Corners, the Orick Mill Site, Peters Creek and Boulder Creek old-growth forests, and Big River-Mendocino Old-Growth Redwoods.[11] The League also established conservation easements for 15,000-acre Mailliard Ranch, the 8,500-acre San Vicente Redwoods and 870-acre Stewarts Point.
In 2018, the League celebrated its centennial year launching the “Stand for the Redwoods, Stand for the Future” campaign and publishing the Centennial Vision for Redwoods Conservation that includes the goal to "double the size of coast redwood forests in parks and reserves to 800,000 acres."[12] The California State Senate declared 2018 the Year of the Redwoods with the passage of SR 100, authored by Senator Mike McGuire and many co-authors. The California State Assembly adopted House Resolution (HR 96), authored by Assemblymember Mark Stone, recognizing the League’s 100th birthday.[13] And, on September 27, 2018, California Governor Jerry Brown declared October 2018 as “California Redwoods Month," recognizing redwoods as a "globally significant treasure" and encouraging people to "support organizations working to ensure a healthy future for our redwood forests."[14]
Criticism edit
The League has been accused of greenwashing and actively promoting loss of redwoods.[15]
Science-based strategy and research edit
The League’s Vibrant Forests Plan attempts to provide a science-based conservation strategy for the remaining coast redwood and giant sequoia ecosystems.[16] Conservation decisions made by the League are guided by the Vibrant Forests Plan's strategies, helping to set priorities for land acquisitions, stewardship, and restoration initiatives.
In 2018, the League published a State of the Redwoods Conservation Report for the first time. The report draws on scientific research to evaluate environmental threats facing coast redwoods and giant sequoia, how much progress has been made to date mitigating each threat, and whether that progress is continuing or in decline. Some key threats include the amount of unprotected forests, number of trees with old-growth characteristics, level of human encroachment, and fire preparedness status.[17]
The League has an active scientific research program that seeks to expand the understanding of the coast redwood and giant sequoia forests and ecosystems of which they are a key component. Their Research Grants Program provides funding to leading scientists studying redwood forest ecosystems, threatened and endangered species, and climate change impacts.[18] Some of the major League-led research projects are the Redwoods and Climate Change Initiative (RCCI), the Redwood Genome Project, and Citizen Science Programs.
LiDAR is a key scientific technology used by the League and its forest researchers to aid in measuring tree height, biomass, and leaf area.[19] This information can be useful in reforestation efforts, and also in finding the tallest redwood trees. The League’s first use of LiDAR was made possible by a grant from Kenneth Fisher.[20]
Expansion of parks and preserves edit
Since it was established, the League has protected over 200,000 acres (81,000 ha) of ancient redwoods.[21] Land purchased by the League is generally donated to California State Parks, which the organization helped found, or to the National Park Service for permanent protection of the redwoods, as well as public enjoyment and education.
The League also provides gifts to establish and grow regional preserves and parks, many of which are open to the public. For example, the League established the Purisima Creek Redwoods Open Space Preserve which is part of the Midpeninsula Regional Open Space District (Midpen) in the San Francisco Bay Area.[22]
Forest restoration edit
Journalist and activist Greg King states, " They created Save the Redwoods League not to save redwoods as parks, but as standing inventories for use by industry."[23]
Educational programs edit
The League provides numerous educational programs and resources to help K-12 students learn about redwoods forests in the classroom and on field trips.[24] These programs give students the opportunity to learn STEM subjects from real-world examples, to be inspired to protect the forests, and to discover career opportunities in scientific research, park interpretation, and forest management. The League provides many educational resources and curriculum materials directly to teachers and partners with other organizations to extend their reach, such as by providing educational grants.[25]
Memorial Groves edit
In 1921, Boone and Crockett Club member Dr. John C. Phillips donated $32,000 to purchase land and create the Raynal Bolling Memorial Grove in the Humboldt Redwoods State Park.[7] That same year, the Stephen T. Mather – William Kent Grove was also established in the same park. Since 1921, the League has established over 1000 redwood memorial groves, in more than thirty of California's redwood parks. One grove is named after Newton B. Drury, who served as executive director of the league as well as serving as the fourth director of the National Park Service. He served in the league's leadership during most of the period from 1919 to 1978. Another grove is named after Drury and his brother Aubrey.[26]
The League continues to operate a Dedicated Grove or Tree Program to help raise funds to carry out its mission. In return for a donation, a grove or tree can be named as a memorial to or in honor of an individual, family, or organization.[27]
Founders Grove edit
In 1931, Major Frederick Russell Burnham commissioned a survey near Bull Flat Creek in Humboldt County, a spot where League founder Madison Grant believed the world's tallest tree might be found. When the tree, a 364-foot redwood, was indeed found, the California State Park Commission dedicated the tree to the founders of the Save the Redwoods League on September 13, 1931: "As a living monument symbolizing eternal life and duration of our gratitude." Burnham led the main address in which he declared: "It is an ancient and racial urge that has brought us together today in the shade of this far western forest like the druids of old." The Founders Tree immediately became and remains the most visited spot in the redwoods region and the focus of many ceremonies.[28] The height measurement has since been revised to 346.1 feet.[29]
Further reading edit
- Save the Redwoods League (2000). Noss, Reed F. (ed.). The redwood forest: history, ecology, and conservation of the coast redwoods. Washington, D.C.: Island Press. ISBN 1559637250. OCLC 41531630.
- King, Greg (2023). The Ghost Forest: Racists, Radicals, and Real Estate in the California Redwoods. New York City: PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1541768673.
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c "Financial Statements - March 31, 2017 to March 31, 2018" (PDF). Save the Redwoods League. July 11, 2018. (PDF) from the original on August 13, 2019. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
- ^ "Fiscal Year 2017-18 - IRS Form 990" (PDF). Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
- ^ "Financial Information". Save the Redwoods League. from the original on October 20, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
- ^ "Mission and History". Save the Redwoods League. from the original on June 30, 2019. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
- ^ "Creating Parks and Reserves". Save the Redwoods League. from the original on October 15, 2018. Retrieved October 15, 2018.
- ^ "Stephen T. Mather: A League and National Parks Trailblazer". Save the Redwoods League. from the original on October 20, 2018. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- ^ a b Sheldon, William G. (1935). A History of the Boone and Crockett Club. The Boone and Crockett Club. pp. 81–88.
- ^ "Redwoods Timeline". Save the Redwoods League. from the original on November 23, 2018. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- ^ "A League of Their Own: The Women Who Started Saving the Redwoods | Save the Redwoods League". Save the Redwoods League. March 16, 2016. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- ^ "Parks | Save the Redwoods League". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved October 23, 2018.
- ^ Lindenberg, Justin; Pardi, Nicholas (April 23, 2020). Voluntary Tribal Engagement Strategies for Save the Redwoods League (Thesis). Duck University.
- ^ "The Next 100 Years". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- ^ "Celebrate the Year of the Redwoods with Us | Save the Redwoods League". Save the Redwoods League. May 4, 2018. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
- ^ "California Redwoods Month | Save the Redwoods League". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved December 4, 2018.
- ^ Commentary, Guest (September 5, 2023). "America's oldest example of greenwashing sacrificed California redwoods". Calmatters.
- ^ "Protect | Save the Redwoods League". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved October 19, 2018.
- ^ "State of Redwoods Conservation Report | Save the Redwoods League". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved November 20, 2018.
- ^ "Funding Redwood Research". Save the Redwoods League.
- ^ "SPIE Newsroom :: Lidar monitors environmental changes". Spie.org. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
- ^ "Fall Report" (PDF). Savetheredwoods.org. 2008. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
- ^ "Acres Protected by the League". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
- ^ "Parks". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved October 22, 2018.
- ^ King, Greg (September 5, 2023). "Commentary: America's oldest example of greenwashing sacrificed California redwoods". CalMatters. Retrieved November 15, 2023.
- ^ "Supporting Education". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
- ^ "Funding Redwood Education". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
- ^ . Archived from the original on June 16, 2010. Retrieved June 14, 2010.
- ^ "Dedicate A Grove". Save the Redwoods League. Retrieved August 13, 2019.
- ^ Spiro, Jonathan (2008). Defending the Master Race: Conservation, Eugenics, and the Legacy of Madison Grant. Vermont: Vermont. ISBN 978-1584657156.
- ^ Foster, Lee (2001). Northern California History Weekends. Globe Pequot. p. 117. ISBN 0762710764.
External links edit
- Official website
- Redwood Climate Change Initiative at Humboldt State Univ.