Sanumá/ˈsænʊmə/[2] or Sanöma is a Yanomaman language spoken in Venezuela and Brazil. It is also known as Sanema, Sanima, Tsanuma, Guaika, Samatari, Samatali, Xamatari and Chirichano. Most of its speakers in Venezuela also speak Ye'kuana, also known as Maquiritare, the language of the Ye'kuana people the Sanumá live alongside in the Caura River basin.
Throughout the centuries, the Yanomami, originally from the Parima range, have spread up toward river valleys on the plains both to the south in Brazil, and to the north in Venezuela. The Sanumá speak one of the four know Yanomami languages. It is in the rainforests of north Brazil and south Venezuela that the groups have lived undisturbed until recently. In the last 40 years or so the western world has been knocking at their doorsteps wanting lumber and gold.[3]
Dialects
Some linguists identify dialects such as Yanoma, Cobari, Caura, and Ervato-Ventuari in Venezuela and Auaris in Brazil. All the dialects are mutually intelligible. In Venezuela, Sanumá is spoken in the vicinity of the Caura and Ervato-Ventuari Rivers in Venezuela, while in Brazil, it is spoken in the Auari River region of Roraima.
There are three dialects spoken in Roraima, Brazil:[4]
^Sanumá at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student’s Handbook, Edinburgh
^Ramos, Alcida Rita (c. 1995). Sanumá memories: Yanomami ethnography in times of crisis. Memórias sanumá.English. Madison, Wis. hdl:2027/txu.059173015239841. ISBN9780299146542.
^Ferreira, Helder Perri; Machado, Ana Maria Antunes; Senra, Estevão Benfica. 2019. As línguas Yanomami no Brasil: diversidade e vitalidade. São Paulo: Instituto Socioambiental (ISA) and Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional (IPHAN). 216pp. ISBN978-85-8226-076-0
Further reading
Alcida Ramos, Sanuma Memories: Yanomami Ethnography in Times of Crisis (University of Wisconsin Press, 1995)
Bruce Parry, Tribe: Adventures in a Changing World (Michael Joseph Ltd, 2007)
sanumá, language, other, uses, samata, disambiguation, sanima, disambiguation, sanumá, sanöma, yanomaman, language, spoken, venezuela, brazil, also, known, sanema, sanima, tsanuma, guaika, samatari, samatali, xamatari, chirichano, most, speakers, venezuela, al. For other uses see Samata disambiguation and Sanima disambiguation Sanuma ˈ s ae n ʊ m e 2 or Sanoma is a Yanomaman language spoken in Venezuela and Brazil It is also known as Sanema Sanima Tsanuma Guaika Samatari Samatali Xamatari and Chirichano Most of its speakers in Venezuela also speak Ye kuana also known as Maquiritare the language of the Ye kuana people the Sanuma live alongside in the Caura River basin SanumaKohoroxitariSanomaPronunciation ˈsɑnɨmɑ Native toVenezuela BrazilEthnicitySanumaNative speakers5 100 2000 2006 1 Language familyYanomaman SanumaLanguage codesISO 639 3 a href https iso639 3 sil org code xsu class extiw title iso639 3 xsu xsu a Glottologsanu1240ELPSanumaYanomaman languages location Yanomamo Ninam Yanomam Sanuma Ỹaroame Contents 1 History 2 Dialects 3 References 4 Further readingHistory EditThroughout the centuries the Yanomami originally from the Parima range have spread up toward river valleys on the plains both to the south in Brazil and to the north in Venezuela The Sanuma speak one of the four know Yanomami languages It is in the rainforests of north Brazil and south Venezuela that the groups have lived undisturbed until recently In the last 40 years or so the western world has been knocking at their doorsteps wanting lumber and gold 3 Dialects EditSome linguists identify dialects such as Yanoma Cobari Caura and Ervato Ventuari in Venezuela and Auaris in Brazil All the dialects are mutually intelligible In Venezuela Sanuma is spoken in the vicinity of the Caura and Ervato Ventuari Rivers in Venezuela while in Brazil it is spoken in the Auari River region of Roraima There are three dialects spoken in Roraima Brazil 4 Awaris 2 955 speakers Aracaca 29 speakers Hokomawa 180 speakers References Edit Sanuma at Ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required Laurie Bauer 2007 The Linguistics Student s Handbook Edinburgh Ramos Alcida Rita c 1995 Sanuma memories Yanomami ethnography in times of crisis Memorias sanuma English Madison Wis hdl 2027 txu 059173015239841 ISBN 9780299146542 Ferreira Helder Perri Machado Ana Maria Antunes Senra Estevao Benfica 2019 As linguas Yanomami no Brasil diversidade e vitalidade Sao Paulo Instituto Socioambiental ISA and Instituto do Patrimonio Historico e Artistico Nacional IPHAN 216pp ISBN 978 85 8226 076 0Further reading EditAlcida Ramos Sanuma Memories Yanomami Ethnography in Times of Crisis University of Wisconsin Press 1995 Bruce Parry Tribe Adventures in a Changing World Michael Joseph Ltd 2007 This article related to indigenous languages of the Americas is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sanuma language amp oldid 1132465744, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
