A salvo is the simultaneous discharge of artillery or firearms including the firing of guns either to hit a target or to perform a salute. As a tactic in warfare, the intent is to cripple an enemy in one blow and prevent them from fighting back.
Troops armed with muzzleloaders required time to refill their arms with gunpowder and shot. Gun drills were designed to enable an almost continuous rain of fire on the enemy by lining troops into ranks, allowing one rank to fire a salvo, or volley, while the other ranks prepared their guns for firing.
The term is commonly used to describe the firing of broadsides by warships, especially battleships. During fleet engagements in the days of sail, from 17th century until the 19th century, ships of the line were maneuvered with the objective of bringing the greatest possible number of cannon to bear on the enemy and to discharge them in a salvo, causing enough damage and confusion as to allow time for the cannon to be swabbed out and reloaded. Crossing the T entailed cutting across the enemy's line of battle to enable broadsides to be fired through the enemy's bow or stern along the whole length of the ship, with every shot likely to cause the maximum carnage. The opportunity was a passing one and the most had to be made of it.
With the coming of HMS Dreadnought, with her turreted main armament, the heavy guns were directed by firing a salvo of half-broadside in order to observe the fall of shot, allowing enough time to adjust for range and direction before firing the other half-broadside. This way, shells were kept in flight while each half-battery was reloaded. Reloading a battleship guns, arriving at a firing solution and lining the guns up to fire took as long as 30 seconds, especially when the fall of shot needed to be observed and corrections made before firing again. A target ship moving at 18 knots (33 km/h) traveled 0.15 nautical miles (0.28 km) in 30 seconds, and would often maneuver to "spoil" the range measurement. The "spread" of the salvo would have one shot fire "over" the estimated range, one shot "under", and two on the estimated range. When a four-shot "salvo" "straddled" the target with one splashing over, one splashing under and two landing on or near the target, fire control officers knew they had the correct range. All turret-mounted guns on battleships and cruisers were directed by the gunnery officer, positioned high in the ship and equipped with a visual rangefinder and other mechanisms for directing fire. Instructions to the gunlayers in the turrets were passed by voice pipe, messenger and, later, by telephone. Guns could also be laid by remote control by the gunnery director, with the appropriate technology. Late in World War II, guns were directed by radar.
salvo, other, uses, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar. For other uses see Salvo disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Salvo news newspapers books scholar JSTOR June 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message A salvo is the simultaneous discharge of artillery or firearms including the firing of guns either to hit a target or to perform a salute As a tactic in warfare the intent is to cripple an enemy in one blow and prevent them from fighting back Salvo at Belgrade fortressOverview EditTroops armed with muzzleloaders required time to refill their arms with gunpowder and shot Gun drills were designed to enable an almost continuous rain of fire on the enemy by lining troops into ranks allowing one rank to fire a salvo or volley while the other ranks prepared their guns for firing The term is commonly used to describe the firing of broadsides by warships especially battleships During fleet engagements in the days of sail from 17th century until the 19th century ships of the line were maneuvered with the objective of bringing the greatest possible number of cannon to bear on the enemy and to discharge them in a salvo causing enough damage and confusion as to allow time for the cannon to be swabbed out and reloaded Crossing the T entailed cutting across the enemy s line of battle to enable broadsides to be fired through the enemy s bow or stern along the whole length of the ship with every shot likely to cause the maximum carnage The opportunity was a passing one and the most had to be made of it With the coming of HMS Dreadnought with her turreted main armament the heavy guns were directed by firing a salvo of half broadside in order to observe the fall of shot allowing enough time to adjust for range and direction before firing the other half broadside This way shells were kept in flight while each half battery was reloaded Reloading a battleship guns arriving at a firing solution and lining the guns up to fire took as long as 30 seconds especially when the fall of shot needed to be observed and corrections made before firing again A target ship moving at 18 knots 33 km h traveled 0 15 nautical miles 0 28 km in 30 seconds and would often maneuver to spoil the range measurement The spread of the salvo would have one shot fire over the estimated range one shot under and two on the estimated range When a four shot salvo straddled the target with one splashing over one splashing under and two landing on or near the target fire control officers knew they had the correct range All turret mounted guns on battleships and cruisers were directed by the gunnery officer positioned high in the ship and equipped with a visual rangefinder and other mechanisms for directing fire Instructions to the gunlayers in the turrets were passed by voice pipe messenger and later by telephone Guns could also be laid by remote control by the gunnery director with the appropriate technology Late in World War II guns were directed by radar See also Edit Look up salvo in Wiktionary the free dictionary List of multiple barrel firearms Barrage artillery Broadside Fusillade Volley fire Gast Gun Meroka CIWS Metal Storm Limited MRSI Nordenfelt gun Project SALVO Volley gunReferences Edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Salvo amp oldid 1088267226, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
