The saddle wrasse (Thalassoma duperrey), also known as Hīnālea Lauwili in Hawaiʻi, is a species of wrasse native to the waters around the Hawaiian Islands[2] and Johnston Island.[3] They are found on reefs at depths from 5 to 25 m (16 to 82 ft). This species can reach 28 cm (11 in) in total length. This species can also be found in the aquarium trade.[4]
habitat; coral reefs, intertidal/ shallow subtidal zone
Adults of the saddle wrasse have a dark blue-green head followed by a dull orange band that will intensify during the spawning seasons, as for the rest of the body it is blue-green with numerous magenta arrows running down the sides.[2] Terminal males typically have a white bar around the orange band that is able to be turned on or off, as well as a crescent-shaped tail fin.[2] Juveniles tend to be more whitish with a dark stripe that runs from the top of the head to the tail. Smaller adults are able to revert to the juvenile coloration to avoid harassment from larger fish.[2] Saddle wrasses can grow up to 11.5 inches (29.21 cm) in length.[5][3]
Distributionedit
Saddle wrasses are endemic to Hawaii as well as Johnston Atoll, where they are very common.[3][6]
Habitatedit
Saddle wrasses can be found in intertidal and shallow habitats down to about 70 ft (21.34 m) of depth.[2] They are found in areas with a lot of corals, rocks, nooks, and crannies to have a quiet get-away and hiding place from potential threats.[5] These fish sleep hidden in holes or burrows in sandy areas.[5]
Dietedit
Saddle wrasses are carnivores and opportunistic feeders, consuming anything that will become available to them.[5] As juveniles, they will tend to be considered “cleaners'': such as picking parasites from larger fish or animals, but as they mature they will start to scavenge for worms, shells, mollusks, shrimps, and other crustaceans.[5][2] They have canine teeth and pharyngeal bones near their gills in order to help crush the shells.[5]
Human use & Cultural Significanceedit
Hīnālea were integral to society and fishing communities in Hawaii as a staple food and regular item in the Hawaiian diet.[6][7] They were also regularly used in ceremonies and offerings to Hawaiian gods and goddesses.[6][7] Specific fishing practices include melomelo, where club-like sticks were charred and anointed in oil to attract hīnālea when submerged underwater.[7] Fishermen, or lawai‘a, wove baskets, called hīnaʻi hoʻoluʻuluʻu, out of vines of the endemic ‘āwikiwiki plant, which then were weighted and dropped into the ocean to trap hīnālea.[7]
Referencesedit
^Shea, S.; Liu, M.; Sadovy, Y. (2010). "Thalassoma duperrey". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2010: e.T187711A8608670. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-4.RLTS.T187711A8608670.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ abcdefHoover, John P. (2008). The ultimate guide to Hawaiian reef fishes sea turtles, dolphins, whales, and seals. John P. Hoover. Honolulu: Mutual Pub. ISBN978-1-56647-887-8. OCLC 243960518.
saddle, wrasse, saddle, wrasse, thalassoma, duperrey, also, known, hīnālea, lauwili, hawaiʻi, species, wrasse, native, waters, around, hawaiian, islands, johnston, island, they, found, reefs, depths, from, this, species, reach, total, length, this, species, al. The saddle wrasse Thalassoma duperrey also known as Hinalea Lauwili in Hawaiʻi is a species of wrasse native to the waters around the Hawaiian Islands 2 and Johnston Island 3 They are found on reefs at depths from 5 to 25 m 16 to 82 ft This species can reach 28 cm 11 in in total length This species can also be found in the aquarium trade 4 Saddle wrasseConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ActinopterygiiOrder LabriformesFamily LabridaeGenus ThalassomaSpecies T duperreyBinomial nameThalassoma duperrey Quoy amp Gaimard 1824 SynonymsJulis duperrey Quoy amp Gaimard 1824 Contents 1 Description 2 Distribution 3 Habitat 4 Diet 5 Human use amp Cultural Significance 6 ReferencesDescription edit nbsp habitat coral reefs intertidal shallow subtidal zoneAdults of the saddle wrasse have a dark blue green head followed by a dull orange band that will intensify during the spawning seasons as for the rest of the body it is blue green with numerous magenta arrows running down the sides 2 Terminal males typically have a white bar around the orange band that is able to be turned on or off as well as a crescent shaped tail fin 2 Juveniles tend to be more whitish with a dark stripe that runs from the top of the head to the tail Smaller adults are able to revert to the juvenile coloration to avoid harassment from larger fish 2 Saddle wrasses can grow up to 11 5 inches 29 21 cm in length 5 3 Distribution editSaddle wrasses are endemic to Hawaii as well as Johnston Atoll where they are very common 3 6 Habitat editSaddle wrasses can be found in intertidal and shallow habitats down to about 70 ft 21 34 m of depth 2 They are found in areas with a lot of corals rocks nooks and crannies to have a quiet get away and hiding place from potential threats 5 These fish sleep hidden in holes or burrows in sandy areas 5 Diet editSaddle wrasses are carnivores and opportunistic feeders consuming anything that will become available to them 5 As juveniles they will tend to be considered cleaners such as picking parasites from larger fish or animals but as they mature they will start to scavenge for worms shells mollusks shrimps and other crustaceans 5 2 They have canine teeth and pharyngeal bones near their gills in order to help crush the shells 5 Human use amp Cultural Significance editHinalea were integral to society and fishing communities in Hawaii as a staple food and regular item in the Hawaiian diet 6 7 They were also regularly used in ceremonies and offerings to Hawaiian gods and goddesses 6 7 Specific fishing practices include melomelo where club like sticks were charred and anointed in oil to attract hinalea when submerged underwater 7 Fishermen or lawai a wove baskets called hinaʻi hoʻoluʻuluʻu out of vines of the endemic awikiwiki plant which then were weighted and dropped into the ocean to trap hinalea 7 References edit Shea S Liu M Sadovy Y 2010 Thalassoma duperrey IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010 e T187711A8608670 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2010 4 RLTS T187711A8608670 en Retrieved 19 November 2021 a b c d e f Hoover John P 2008 The ultimate guide to Hawaiian reef fishes sea turtles dolphins whales and seals John P Hoover Honolulu Mutual Pub ISBN 978 1 56647 887 8 OCLC 243960518 a b c Thalassoma duperrey Saddle wrasse aquarium www fishbase se Retrieved 2021 12 22 Froese Rainer Pauly Daniel eds 2013 Thalassoma duperrey in FishBase October 2013 version a b c d e f There s Nothing Common About The Common Saddle Wrasse Kelii s Kayaking Tours 2016 05 10 Retrieved 2021 12 22 a b c Titcomb Margaret Pukui Mary Kawena 1977 Native use of fish in Hawaii 2nd ed Honolulu University of Hawaii Press ISBN 0 8248 0592 5 OCLC 10482126 a b c d Reef Fish Are Living Connections to Hawai i s Culture amp Past Maui Ocean Center 2020 03 09 Retrieved 2021 12 22 nbsp This Labridae article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Saddle wrasse amp oldid 1207422147, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
