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The Indigo, introduced as the IRIS Indigo, is a line of workstationcomputers developed and manufactured by Silicon Graphics, Inc. (SGI). SGI first announced the system in July 1991.[1]
The Indigo is considered[by whom?] one of the most capable graphics workstations of its era, and was essentially peerless in the realm of hardware-accelerated three-dimensional graphics rendering. For use as a graphics workstation, the Indigo was equipped with a two-dimensional framebuffer or, for use as a 3D graphics workstation, with the Elan graphics subsystem including one to four Geometry Engines (GEs). SGI sold a server version with no video adapter.
The Indigo's design is based on a simple cube motif in indigo hue. Graphics and other peripheral expansions are accomplished via the GIO32 expansion bus.
The Indigo was superseded generally by the SGI Indigo2, and in the low-cost market segment by the SGI Indy.
The first Indigo model (code-named Hollywood) was introduced on July 22, 1991. It is based on the IP12 processor board, which contains a 32-bit MIPSR3000A microprocessor soldered on the board and proprietary memory slots supporting up to 96 MB of RAM.
The later version (code-named Blackjack) is based on the IP20 processor board, which has a removable processor module (PM1 or PM2) containing a 64-bit MIPS R4000 (100 MHz) or R4400 processor (100 MHz or 150 MHz) that implements the MIPS-III instruction set. The IP20 uses standard 72-pin SIMMs with parity, and has 12 SIMM slots for a total of 384 MB of RAM at maximum.
A Motorola 56000 DSP is used for Audio IO, giving it 4-channel 16-bit audio. Ethernet is supported on board by the SEEQ 80C03 chipset coupled with the HPC (High-performance Peripheral Controller), which provides the DMA engine. The HPC interfaces primarily between the GIO bus and the Ethernet, SCSI (WD33C93 chipset) and the 56000 DSP. The GIO bus interface is implemented by the PIC (Processor Interface Controller) on IP12 and MC (Memory Controller) on IP20.
Much of the hardware design can be traced back to the SGI IRIS 4D/3x series, which shared the same memory controller, Ethernet, SCSI, and optionally DSP as the IP12 Indigo. The 4D/30, 4D/35 and Indigo R3000 are all considered IP12 machines and run the same IRIX kernel. The Indigo R3000 is effectively a reduced cost 4D/35 without a VME bus. The PIC supports a VME expansion bus (used on the 4D/3x series) and GIO expansion slots (used on the Indigo). In all IP12, IP20, and IP22/IP24 (see SGI Indigo2) systems the HPC attached to the GIO bus.
Graphics options
Entry graphics
For entry graphics, the 8-bit color frame buffer[2] comes in three versions. One version uses the system's GIO expansion bus. Another uses the main backplane like the XS, XZ, and Elan graphics options. The final is the same, but adds a second video output, giving the computer the ability to have two "heads", or monitors.
XS Graphics
The Indigo's XS Graphics option has a single GE7 Geometry Engine (GE), a RE3 Raster engine, a HQ2 Command engine, VC1, XMAP5. It is ideal for low-cost wireframe operations, compared to more powerful, and expensive options for textured graphics.[2] Part of SGI's Express line of graphics, four XS graphics options were produced for the Indigo: the XS-8 offers 8-bit color, with one VM2 video RAM module; the XS-Z adds the ZB-4 Z buffer; the XS-24 adds two VM2 modules and offers 24 color bits and 32 bits including brightness; and the XS-24Z adds a Z buffer.
XZ Graphics
The XZ graphics option is also a member of SGI's Express graphics line. It is similar to the XS-24z, but it includes a second GE7 Geometry Engine ASIC, doubling its geometry performance.
Elan Graphics
The highest performance graphics option offered for the Indigo, it is a member of SGI's Express graphics line. It is like the XS-24z and XZ, but has 4 GE7 Geometry Engine ASICs, giving it twice the performance of the XZ option.
Operating system
The Indigo was designed to run IRIX, SGI's version of Unix. The Indigos with R3000 processors are supported up to IRIX version 5.3, and Indigo equipped with an R4000 or R4400 processor can run up to IRIX 6.5.22.
Additionally, the free Unix-like operating system NetBSD has support for both the IP12 and IP20 Indigos as part of the sgimips port.[3]
SGI timeline
References
^"sgistuff.net : Hardware : Systems : Indigo". www.sgistuff.net. Retrieved 2021-07-11.
^ ab. Archived from the original on 2019-04-12. Retrieved 2014-09-20.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources SGI Indigo news newspapers books scholar JSTOR January 2012 This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources SGI Indigo news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations October 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The Indigo introduced as the IRIS Indigo is a line of workstation computers developed and manufactured by Silicon Graphics Inc SGI SGI first announced the system in July 1991 1 Silicon Graphics IndigoAlso known asSGI IRIS IndigoDeveloperSGIType3D Graphics workstationRelease date1991Discontinued1995PredecessorSGI IRIS 4DSuccessorSGI Indigo2SGI CrimsonSGI Indigo frontSGI Indigo backThe Indigo is considered by whom one of the most capable graphics workstations of its era and was essentially peerless in the realm of hardware accelerated three dimensional graphics rendering For use as a graphics workstation the Indigo was equipped with a two dimensional framebuffer or for use as a 3D graphics workstation with the Elan graphics subsystem including one to four Geometry Engines GEs SGI sold a server version with no video adapter The Indigo s design is based on a simple cube motif in indigo hue Graphics and other peripheral expansions are accomplished via the GIO32 expansion bus The Indigo was superseded generally by the SGI Indigo2 and in the low cost market segment by the SGI Indy Contents 1 Technical specifications 2 Graphics options 2 1 Entry graphics 2 2 XS Graphics 2 3 XZ Graphics 2 4 Elan Graphics 3 Operating system 4 SGI timeline 5 References 6 External linksTechnical specifications EditThe first Indigo model code named Hollywood was introduced on July 22 1991 It is based on the IP12 processor board which contains a 32 bit MIPS R3000A microprocessor soldered on the board and proprietary memory slots supporting up to 96 MB of RAM The later version code named Blackjack is based on the IP20 processor board which has a removable processor module PM1 or PM2 containing a 64 bit MIPS R4000 100 MHz or R4400 processor 100 MHz or 150 MHz that implements the MIPS III instruction set The IP20 uses standard 72 pin SIMMs with parity and has 12 SIMM slots for a total of 384 MB of RAM at maximum A Motorola 56000 DSP is used for Audio IO giving it 4 channel 16 bit audio Ethernet is supported on board by the SEEQ 80C03 chipset coupled with the HPC High performance Peripheral Controller which provides the DMA engine The HPC interfaces primarily between the GIO bus and the Ethernet SCSI WD33C93 chipset and the 56000 DSP The GIO bus interface is implemented by the PIC Processor Interface Controller on IP12 and MC Memory Controller on IP20 Much of the hardware design can be traced back to the SGI IRIS 4D 3x series which shared the same memory controller Ethernet SCSI and optionally DSP as the IP12 Indigo The 4D 30 4D 35 and Indigo R3000 are all considered IP12 machines and run the same IRIX kernel The Indigo R3000 is effectively a reduced cost 4D 35 without a VME bus The PIC supports a VME expansion bus used on the 4D 3x series and GIO expansion slots used on the Indigo In all IP12 IP20 and IP22 IP24 see SGI Indigo2 systems the HPC attached to the GIO bus Graphics options EditEntry graphics Edit For entry graphics the 8 bit color frame buffer 2 comes in three versions One version uses the system s GIO expansion bus Another uses the main backplane like the XS XZ and Elan graphics options The final is the same but adds a second video output giving the computer the ability to have two heads or monitors XS Graphics Edit The Indigo s XS Graphics option has a single GE7 Geometry Engine GE a RE3 Raster engine a HQ2 Command engine VC1 XMAP5 It is ideal for low cost wireframe operations compared to more powerful and expensive options for textured graphics 2 Part of SGI s Express line of graphics four XS graphics options were produced for the Indigo the XS 8 offers 8 bit color with one VM2 video RAM module the XS Z adds the ZB 4 Z buffer the XS 24 adds two VM2 modules and offers 24 color bits and 32 bits including brightness and the XS 24Z adds a Z buffer XZ Graphics Edit The XZ graphics option is also a member of SGI s Express graphics line It is similar to the XS 24z but it includes a second GE7 Geometry Engine ASIC doubling its geometry performance Elan Graphics Edit The highest performance graphics option offered for the Indigo it is a member of SGI s Express graphics line It is like the XS 24z and XZ but has 4 GE7 Geometry Engine ASICs giving it twice the performance of the XZ option Operating system EditThe Indigo was designed to run IRIX SGI s version of Unix The Indigos with R3000 processors are supported up to IRIX version 5 3 and Indigo equipped with an R4000 or R4400 processor can run up to IRIX 6 5 22 Additionally the free Unix like operating system NetBSD has support for both the IP12 and IP20 Indigos as part of the sgimips port 3 SGI timeline EditReferences Edit sgistuff net Hardware Systems Indigo www sgistuff net Retrieved 2021 07 11 a b Archived copy Archived from the original on 2019 04 12 Retrieved 2014 09 20 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link NetBSD sgimips wiki netbsd org Retrieved 2021 07 11 External links EditIP12 LinuxMIPS Technolust The Indigo Page Silicon Graphics SGI SGI Indigo Silicon Graphics R4000 Architecture Indigo Power Supply basicsPreceded bySGI IRIS 4D Personal SGI IRIS 4D Personal Succeeded bySGI IndySGI IRIS Indigo1991 1995Preceded bySGI IRIS 4D Professional Succeeded bySGI Indigo2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title SGI Indigo amp oldid 1155849818, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
