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At the end of 1942, the Red Army switched from defensive to offensive operations, which revealed the need for self-propelled artillery. The firepower of towed and self-propelled artillery of 152.4mm caliber was sometimes not enough against pillboxes and fortified buildings in urban battles. To solve this issue, the Red Army was armed with the towed 203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4). However, the 203 mm howitzer was exposed and unarmored, making attacking risky. In addition, it had a low speed which made swift breakthrough of enemy lines impossible.[1]
Therefore, the Red Army initiated a project for a heavy self-propelled gun. Plant № 100, CB Uralmash, and TsAKB took part in this competition. Plant № 100 under the leadership of Josef Yakovlevich Kotin created a self-propelled gun carriage that looked similar to the Canon de 194 mle GPF. The design by CB Uralmash was two 152mm howitzers on two connected SU-122 chassis.
In the autumn of 1943, the TsAKB designed and built a self-propelled gun on the basis of the KV-1S equipped with the 203mm howitzer. The self-propelled gun received the designation, S-51.[1]
Descriptionedit
Hulledit
The S-51 had a very long hull and an open topped fighting compartment. The front, side and rear of the hull had 75 mm, 60mm and 30 mm of armour respectively. The hull had a driver’s compartment and could seat one out of the 10 crews required, with the engine and transmission being located in the rear of the hull. The hull also had a bottom hatch for emergency escape and a number of small hatches for access to the other modules of the vehicle.[1][2]
Armamentedit
The S-51 was armed with a modified 203 mm howitzer M1931 (B-4). The gun was mounted at the front of the vehicle with gun shields. The elevation of the gun was 0 to +60 degrees, and the gun traverse being 4 degrees to either side. The vehicle had 12 rounds of ammunition that could be HE and/or armour piercing shells. The shells and propellant charges were placed behind the gun shields of the vehicle.[2]
During transport, the gun shields were let down and the barrel of the howitzer was turned to the center of the hull.[1]
Engineedit
The S-51 was powered by a four-stroke V-shaped 12-cylinder diesel engine V-2K. The engine produced 600 hp allowing the vehicle to travel at 35 km/h. The engine was started by a starter ST-700 with a capacity of 15 liters. Fuel tanks with a volume of 600-615 liters were located inside the hull.[1]
Transmissionedit
Self-propelled artillery mount S-51 was equipped with a mechanical transmission. Unreliable operation of the transmission group was noted during its testing. This fact served as further confirmation of the thesis that transmission defects were one of the most significant shortcomings of the KV series tanks and vehicles based on it.[1]
Chassisedit
The chassis of the S-51 was identical to that of the KV-1S tank. It had 1 drive wheel, 1 rear wheel, 3 support rollers and 6 roadwheels on each side.[1]
Developmentedit
In February 1944, the S-51 underwent factory testing. It was transferred to the artillery testing ground before completing the factory tests due to the great interest in the heavy self-propelled gun project.
However, many flaws in the S-51 were discovered during the trials. When the gun was elevated to a high angle and fired, the gun would sway and the recoil would push the tank back. When the gun was elevated at a low angle and fired, the recoil would be so strong that the crew would fall over, which could be deadly in battle. Overall, it was deemed that the KV-1S chassis was unsuitable for conversions into SPGs.
Due to these problems, the S-51 did not enter mass production.[1]
Referencesedit
^ abcdefgh"S-51 \ S-59 Self-propelled artillery unit of special power" (in Russian). Retrieved 14 March 2020.
^ abPasholok, Yuri. "Work on experimental self-propelled guns, early June 1944" (in Russian). Retrieved 14 March 2020.
March 17, 2024
self, propelled, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, some, this, article, listed, sources, reliable, please, help, improve, this, article, looking, better, . This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages Some of this article s listed sources may not be reliable Please help improve this article by looking for better more reliable sources Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed March 2020 Learn how and when to remove this template message You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Russian March 2020 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the Russian article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 1 172 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Russian Wikipedia article at ru S 51 see its history for attribution You should also add the template Translated ru S 51 to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Learn how and when to remove this template message The S 51 was a Soviet experimental heavy self propelled gun designed by TsAKB S 51TypeSelf propelled gunPlace of originSoviet UnionProduction historyDesignerTsAKBDesigned1943ManufacturerTsAKBProduced1943No built1SpecificationsMass49 7 t 110 000 lb Length9 35 m 30 ft 8 in Width3 35 m 11 ft 0 in Height3 40 m 11 ft 2 in Crew9Armor75mm front 60mm side 30mm rearMainarmament1x 203 mm howitzer M1931 B 4 EngineV 2K 12 cylinder diesel engine600hpTransmissionmechanical 8 speed gearboxSuspensiontorsion barMaximum speed35 km h 22 mph Contents 1 History 2 Description 2 1 Hull 2 2 Armament 2 3 Engine 2 4 Transmission 2 5 Chassis 3 Development 4 ReferencesHistory editAt the end of 1942 the Red Army switched from defensive to offensive operations which revealed the need for self propelled artillery The firepower of towed and self propelled artillery of 152 4mm caliber was sometimes not enough against pillboxes and fortified buildings in urban battles To solve this issue the Red Army was armed with the towed 203 mm howitzer M1931 B 4 However the 203 mm howitzer was exposed and unarmored making attacking risky In addition it had a low speed which made swift breakthrough of enemy lines impossible 1 Therefore the Red Army initiated a project for a heavy self propelled gun Plant 100 CB Uralmash and TsAKB took part in this competition Plant 100 under the leadership of Josef Yakovlevich Kotin created a self propelled gun carriage that looked similar to the Canon de 194 mle GPF The design by CB Uralmash was two 152mm howitzers on two connected SU 122 chassis In the autumn of 1943 the TsAKB designed and built a self propelled gun on the basis of the KV 1S equipped with the 203mm howitzer The self propelled gun received the designation S 51 1 Description editHull edit The S 51 had a very long hull and an open topped fighting compartment The front side and rear of the hull had 75 mm 60mm and 30 mm of armour respectively The hull had a driver s compartment and could seat one out of the 10 crews required with the engine and transmission being located in the rear of the hull The hull also had a bottom hatch for emergency escape and a number of small hatches for access to the other modules of the vehicle 1 2 Armament edit The S 51 was armed with a modified 203 mm howitzer M1931 B 4 The gun was mounted at the front of the vehicle with gun shields The elevation of the gun was 0 to 60 degrees and the gun traverse being 4 degrees to either side The vehicle had 12 rounds of ammunition that could be HE and or armour piercing shells The shells and propellant charges were placed behind the gun shields of the vehicle 2 During transport the gun shields were let down and the barrel of the howitzer was turned to the center of the hull 1 Engine edit The S 51 was powered by a four stroke V shaped 12 cylinder diesel engine V 2K The engine produced 600 hp allowing the vehicle to travel at 35 km h The engine was started by a starter ST 700 with a capacity of 15 liters Fuel tanks with a volume of 600 615 liters were located inside the hull 1 Transmission edit Self propelled artillery mount S 51 was equipped with a mechanical transmission Unreliable operation of the transmission group was noted during its testing This fact served as further confirmation of the thesis that transmission defects were one of the most significant shortcomings of the KV series tanks and vehicles based on it 1 Chassis edit The chassis of the S 51 was identical to that of the KV 1S tank It had 1 drive wheel 1 rear wheel 3 support rollers and 6 roadwheels on each side 1 Development editIn February 1944 the S 51 underwent factory testing It was transferred to the artillery testing ground before completing the factory tests due to the great interest in the heavy self propelled gun project However many flaws in the S 51 were discovered during the trials When the gun was elevated to a high angle and fired the gun would sway and the recoil would push the tank back When the gun was elevated at a low angle and fired the recoil would be so strong that the crew would fall over which could be deadly in battle Overall it was deemed that the KV 1S chassis was unsuitable for conversions into SPGs Due to these problems the S 51 did not enter mass production 1 References edit a b c d e f g h S 51 S 59 Self propelled artillery unit of special power in Russian Retrieved 14 March 2020 a b Pasholok Yuri Work on experimental self propelled guns early June 1944 in Russian Retrieved 14 March 2020 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title S 51 Self Propelled Gun amp oldid 1197411219, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
