fbpx
Wikipedia

Russian Telegraph Agency

January 01, 1970

Russian Telegraph Agency (Russian: Российское телеграфное агентство, Rossiyskoye telegrafnoye agentstvo), abbr. ROSTA, was the state news agency in Soviet Russia between 1918 and 1935. It was the central information organ of the Soviet state.[1]

Agitprop poster by Mayakovsky

After the creation of Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union in 1925, it remained the news agency of Soviet Russia. Its name was associated with Rosta windows (Russian: Окна Роста, Okna Rosta).

History edit

In 1904, Minister of Finance Vladimir Nikolaevich Kokovtsov argued for a state telegraph news agency by saying that private owners were not reliable. In July 1904, at a meeting of special departments, the project for creating a state telegraph agency was approved. On 1 September 1904, the agency started its work. The agency was located in Petrograd before the revolution. During World War I, the agency changed its name from St. Petersburg Telegraph Agency (SPTA) to Petrograd Telegraph Agency (PTA).[2][3]

During the October Revolution, Petrograd Telegraph Agency's building was occupied by Baltic sailors under the leadership of Leonid Stark. He transmitted the first reports about the revolution in Russia to all newspapers in the world. On 18 November 1917, Council of People's Commissars decreed that the Petrograd Telegraph Agency will be the central information body.[3]

On 7 September 1918, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee adopted the “Resolution on the merger of the Petrograd Telegraph Agency (PTA) and the Press Bureau under the All-Russian Central Executive Committee”. The new agency was named the Russian Telegraph Agency (ROSTA) under the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. The technical base of ROSTA was made up of the structures of the Petrograd Telegraph Agency (PTA) and private news agencies. The resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR required all media to reprint the decrees of the Soviet government and the latest news received through ROSTA channels. It moved first to Metropol Hotel, Moscow, and then to a separate building on Milyutinsky Lane.[4] On 23 December, Belarusian Branch of the Russian Telegraph Agency (BELOTROSTA) was opened on Zakharyevskaya street in Minsk.[5]

On 12 December 1920, the agency was subordinated to Glavpolitprosvet. In 1919, agency had only 42 branches, and then by 1922 there were already 474 branches and correspondent offices. This allowed the Russian Telegraph to supply the capital and provincial periodicals with new information as quickly as possible. The agency then changed its addresses to Armenian Lane in 1923.[4]

After the creation of the Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union (TASS) on July 10, 1925, ROSTA functioned as the news agency of the RSFSR. In March 1935, by decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR, ROSTA was liquidated, and its functions were transferred to TASS.[6]

Activity edit

In addition to disseminating information via telegraph channels, ROSTA in 1918-1920 printed its own publications: the newspaper “AgitROSTA", the magazines "Krasnaya Zvezda” and “Red Journalist”, which were published once or twice a week, as well as large-circulated newspapers.

Rosta windows edit

Main article: ROSTA windows

Rosta windows or satirical Rosta windows (Russian: Окна сатиры Роста, Okna satiry Rosta) were stencil-replicated propaganda posters created by artists and poets within the Rosta system, under the supervision of the Chief Committee of Political Education during 1919–21. Inheriting the Russian design traditions of lubok and rayok, the main topics were current political events. They were usually displayed in windows, hence the name.

The first Rosta window was created in Moscow by Mikhail Cheremnykh (1890-1962). He was soon joined by Vladimir Mayakovsky, a popular and prolific author, Dmitry Moor (1883-1946), Amshey Nurenberg (1887-1979), Alexander Rodchenko, Mikhail Volpin and others. Similar projects were performed in other Soviet cities. Cheremnykh and Mayakovsky, for example, produced a poster in 1921 satirising a French delegation led by Joseph Noulens.[7]

The design featured graphical simplicity suitable for viewing from distance and often used lubok-styled sequences of pictures according to some plot, similar to modern comics. The posters were not printed but rather painted with cut-out stencils made from cardboard. Once the required number of posters was painted, the stencils were sent to another city and put in circulation throughout the Soviet Union.

During the World War II, this approach was reproduced in Tass windows by Kukryniksy.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ ГрафАрхив (2023-10-12). "Владимир Маяковский — гуру российского маркетинга — Маркетинг на vc.ru". vc.ru. from the original on 2023-11-03. Retrieved 2024-04-17.
  2. ^ Адрес: 119234, Учредитель: Некоммерческое партнерство «Международное партнерство распространения научных знаний»; Москва, г; ГСП-1; горы, Ленинские; МГУ; Д. 1; Стр. 46; Тел./Факс: +7939-42-66, офис 138 Смотреть на карте; адрес: 119234, +7939-45-63 Почтовый (2019-08-31). "С днем рождения, ТАСС!". «Научная Россия» - электронное периодическое издание (in Russian). from the original on 2024-04-17. Retrieved 2024-04-17.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ a b "From the first Russian telegraph to TASS". from the original on 2024-04-17. Retrieved 2024-04-17.
  4. ^ a b "«Телевизор» и «дом с глобусом»: история здания ТАСС на Тверском бульваре". Культура.РФ (in Russian). from the original on 2024-04-07. Retrieved 2024-04-17.
  5. ^ "Они печатали по 500 знаков в минуту. Как БЕЛТА работала во времена телеграфов?". www.belta.by (in Russian). 2023-09-28. from the original on 2024-01-14. Retrieved 2024-04-17.
  6. ^ Gazeta.ua (2020-03-27). "Первое телеграфное агентство возглавил философ". Gazeta.ua (in Russian). from the original on 2020-03-29. Retrieved 2024-04-17.
  7. ^ "V&A Images". from the original on 2012-02-26. Retrieved 2024-04-17.

External links edit

  • Rosta Windows - Vladimir Mayakovsky (Russian)
  • Parodies of Rosta Windows in the 1990s (Russian)
  • (English)

Bibliography edit

  • Ward, Alex (2008). Power to the People: Early Soviet Propaganda Posters in the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. London, UK, Ashgate, ISBN 0-85331-981-2
 

This Soviet Union–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

 

This article about an art or artists' organization is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

January 01, 1970
russian, telegraph, agency, russian, Российское, телеграфное, агентство, rossiyskoye, telegrafnoye, agentstvo, abbr, rosta, state, news, agency, soviet, russia, between, 1918, 1935, central, information, organ, soviet, state, agitprop, poster, mayakovsky, afte. Russian Telegraph Agency Russian Rossijskoe telegrafnoe agentstvo Rossiyskoye telegrafnoye agentstvo abbr ROSTA was the state news agency in Soviet Russia between 1918 and 1935 It was the central information organ of the Soviet state 1 Agitprop poster by Mayakovsky After the creation of Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union in 1925 it remained the news agency of Soviet Russia Its name was associated with Rosta windows Russian Okna Rosta Okna Rosta Contents 1 History 2 Activity 2 1 Rosta windows 3 See also 4 References 5 External links 6 BibliographyHistory editIn 1904 Minister of Finance Vladimir Nikolaevich Kokovtsov argued for a state telegraph news agency by saying that private owners were not reliable In July 1904 at a meeting of special departments the project for creating a state telegraph agency was approved On 1 September 1904 the agency started its work The agency was located in Petrograd before the revolution During World War I the agency changed its name from St Petersburg Telegraph Agency SPTA to Petrograd Telegraph Agency PTA 2 3 During the October Revolution Petrograd Telegraph Agency s building was occupied by Baltic sailors under the leadership of Leonid Stark He transmitted the first reports about the revolution in Russia to all newspapers in the world On 18 November 1917 Council of People s Commissars decreed that the Petrograd Telegraph Agency will be the central information body 3 On 7 September 1918 the All Russian Central Executive Committee adopted the Resolution on the merger of the Petrograd Telegraph Agency PTA and the Press Bureau under the All Russian Central Executive Committee The new agency was named the Russian Telegraph Agency ROSTA under the All Russian Central Executive Committee The technical base of ROSTA was made up of the structures of the Petrograd Telegraph Agency PTA and private news agencies The resolution of the Council of People s Commissars of the RSFSR required all media to reprint the decrees of the Soviet government and the latest news received through ROSTA channels It moved first to Metropol Hotel Moscow and then to a separate building on Milyutinsky Lane 4 On 23 December Belarusian Branch of the Russian Telegraph Agency BELOTROSTA was opened on Zakharyevskaya street in Minsk 5 On 12 December 1920 the agency was subordinated to Glavpolitprosvet In 1919 agency had only 42 branches and then by 1922 there were already 474 branches and correspondent offices This allowed the Russian Telegraph to supply the capital and provincial periodicals with new information as quickly as possible The agency then changed its addresses to Armenian Lane in 1923 4 After the creation of the Telegraph Agency of the Soviet Union TASS on July 10 1925 ROSTA functioned as the news agency of the RSFSR In March 1935 by decree of the All Russian Central Executive Committee and the Council of People s Commissars of the RSFSR ROSTA was liquidated and its functions were transferred to TASS 6 Activity editIn addition to disseminating information via telegraph channels ROSTA in 1918 1920 printed its own publications the newspaper AgitROSTA the magazines Krasnaya Zvezda and Red Journalist which were published once or twice a week as well as large circulated newspapers Rosta windows edit Main article ROSTA windows Rosta windows or satirical Rosta windows Russian Okna satiry Rosta Okna satiry Rosta were stencil replicated propaganda posters created by artists and poets within the Rosta system under the supervision of the Chief Committee of Political Education during 1919 21 Inheriting the Russian design traditions of lubok and rayok the main topics were current political events They were usually displayed in windows hence the name The first Rosta window was created in Moscow by Mikhail Cheremnykh 1890 1962 He was soon joined by Vladimir Mayakovsky a popular and prolific author Dmitry Moor 1883 1946 Amshey Nurenberg 1887 1979 Alexander Rodchenko Mikhail Volpin and others Similar projects were performed in other Soviet cities Cheremnykh and Mayakovsky for example produced a poster in 1921 satirising a French delegation led by Joseph Noulens 7 The design featured graphical simplicity suitable for viewing from distance and often used lubok styled sequences of pictures according to some plot similar to modern comics The posters were not printed but rather painted with cut out stencils made from cardboard Once the required number of posters was painted the stencils were sent to another city and put in circulation throughout the Soviet Union During the World War II this approach was reproduced in Tass windows by Kukryniksy See also editMedia of RussiaReferences edit GrafArhiv 2023 10 12 Vladimir Mayakovskij guru rossijskogo marketinga Marketing na vc ru vc ru Archived from the original on 2023 11 03 Retrieved 2024 04 17 Adres 119234 Uchreditel Nekommercheskoe partnerstvo Mezhdunarodnoe partnerstvo rasprostraneniya nauchnyh znanij Moskva g GSP 1 gory Leninskie MGU D 1 Str 46 Tel Faks 7939 42 66 ofis 138 Smotret na karte adres 119234 7939 45 63 Pochtovyj 2019 08 31 S dnem rozhdeniya TASS Nauchnaya Rossiya elektronnoe periodicheskoe izdanie in Russian Archived from the original on 2024 04 17 Retrieved 2024 04 17 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint numeric names authors list link a b From the first Russian telegraph to TASS Archived from the original on 2024 04 17 Retrieved 2024 04 17 a b Televizor i dom s globusom istoriya zdaniya TASS na Tverskom bulvare Kultura RF in Russian Archived from the original on 2024 04 07 Retrieved 2024 04 17 Oni pechatali po 500 znakov v minutu Kak BELTA rabotala vo vremena telegrafov www belta by in Russian 2023 09 28 Archived from the original on 2024 01 14 Retrieved 2024 04 17 Gazeta ua 2020 03 27 Pervoe telegrafnoe agentstvo vozglavil filosof Gazeta ua in Russian Archived from the original on 2020 03 29 Retrieved 2024 04 17 V amp A Images Archived from the original on 2012 02 26 Retrieved 2024 04 17 External links editRosta Windows Vladimir Mayakovsky Russian Parodies of Rosta Windows in the 1990s Russian ROSTA Posters exhibition English Bibliography editWard Alex 2008 Power to the People Early Soviet Propaganda Posters in the Israel Museum Jerusalem London UK Ashgate ISBN 0 85331 981 2 nbsp This Soviet Union related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte nbsp This article about an art or artists organization is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Russian Telegraph Agency amp oldid 1220516532, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.