The Civil Code of the Russian Federation (Russian: Гражданский кодекс Российской Федерации, frequently abbreviated 'ГК РФ') is the prime source of civil law for the Russian Federation. The Russian Civil Law system descended from Roman Law through Byzantine tradition. It was heavily influenced by German and Dutch norms in the 18th and 19th centuries. Socialist-style modifications took place during the Soviet period (1922–1991) and Continental European Law influences since the 1990s.
The Civil Code of the Russian Federation came into force in four parts. The first part, which deals with general provisions (i.e. defines sources, names legal entities etc.) was enacted by the State Duma in 1994 and entered into force in 1995. The second part (dealing with the Law of obligations) entered into force in 1996. The third part (Succession law) entered into force in 2002. The document has certain basic principles: equality of all participants guaranteed by civil law, inviolability of private property, freedom of contract, free exercise of civil rights and juridical protection of civil rights.
Unlike most European civil codes, Russia's Civil Code does not cover family law. Instead, family law is dealt with in a separate code.
Historyedit
Since its foundation as an independent successor state of the former Soviet Union, the Russian Federation had been engaged in a large legislative project of developing a new Civil Code. In July 1994, President Boris Yeltsin signed a decree authorizing the "Establishment and Development of Private Law in Russia" program.[1] The program called for a group of legal researchers, led by Sergei Alexeyev, to create a new civil code for the nation. Initially, Russian politicians on all sides of the political spectrum opposed the idea of a Civil Code.[2] It took significant effort to get first part of the Code approved by the State Duma — while the Federation Council voted against the Code. However, the Federation Council took longer than allowed by the Constitution to come to its decision. This allowed Yeltsin to sign the Code into law. In other words, as Sergei Alexeyev put it, the Civil Code became law almost "by accident".[2]
^ (in Russian), archived from the original on 2011-10-03, retrieved 2008-03-22
^ abFan, Irina (June 2003), Через испытания, Nauka Urala (in Russian), vol. 13, no. 841
External linksedit
Full text English translation of parts 1 to 3 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. Old edition on December 23, 2003, after this date many changes were made.
Full text English translation of made by Rospatent in 2011.
Russian Federation, Federal law no. 231-ФЗ of 2006: Федеральный закон Российской Федерации от 18 декабря 2006 г. N 231-Ф3 О введении в действие части четвертой Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации. Law 231-FL of December 18, 2006: implementation act for part IV of the Civil Code. In Russian. URL last accessed 2010-07-13.
January 01, 1970
civil, code, russia, civil, code, russian, federation, russian, Гражданский, кодекс, Российской, Федерации, frequently, abbreviated, ГК, РФ, prime, source, civil, russian, federation, russian, civil, system, descended, from, roman, through, byzantine, traditio. The Civil Code of the Russian Federation Russian Grazhdanskij kodeks Rossijskoj Federacii frequently abbreviated GK RF is the prime source of civil law for the Russian Federation The Russian Civil Law system descended from Roman Law through Byzantine tradition It was heavily influenced by German and Dutch norms in the 18th and 19th centuries Socialist style modifications took place during the Soviet period 1922 1991 and Continental European Law influences since the 1990s Civil Code of RussiaParliament of RussiaTerritorial extentRussiaEnacted byParliament of RussiaSigned byPresident of RussiaSigned1994Commenced1 January 1995Status In force The Civil Code of the Russian Federation came into force in four parts The first part which deals with general provisions i e defines sources names legal entities etc was enacted by the State Duma in 1994 and entered into force in 1995 The second part dealing with the Law of obligations entered into force in 1996 The third part Succession law entered into force in 2002 The document has certain basic principles equality of all participants guaranteed by civil law inviolability of private property freedom of contract free exercise of civil rights and juridical protection of civil rights The fourth part dealing with intellectual property was signed into law on December 18 2006 and came into force on January 1 2008 Part IV became the first truly complete codification of the legislation on intellectual property in the world Contents 1 The structure of the Civil Code 2 History 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksThe structure of the Civil Code editPart 1 Section I General provisions Section II Ownership and other proprietary interests Section III The general part of the law of obligations Part 2 Section IV Specific types of obligations Part 3 Section V Succession law Section VI International private law Part 4 Section VII The right to products of intellectual activity and means of individualization Unlike most European civil codes Russia s Civil Code does not cover family law Instead family law is dealt with in a separate code History editSince its foundation as an independent successor state of the former Soviet Union the Russian Federation had been engaged in a large legislative project of developing a new Civil Code In July 1994 President Boris Yeltsin signed a decree authorizing the Establishment and Development of Private Law in Russia program 1 The program called for a group of legal researchers led by Sergei Alexeyev to create a new civil code for the nation Initially Russian politicians on all sides of the political spectrum opposed the idea of a Civil Code 2 It took significant effort to get first part of the Code approved by the State Duma while the Federation Council voted against the Code However the Federation Council took longer than allowed by the Constitution to come to its decision This allowed Yeltsin to sign the Code into law In other words as Sergei Alexeyev put it the Civil Code became law almost by accident 2 See also editLaw of the Russian Federation Criminal Code of Russia Offences Code of Russia Family Code of Russia Customs Code of RussiaReferences edit Ukaz Prezidenta RF ot 7 iyulya 1994 g N 1473 O programme Stanovlenie i razvitie chastnogo prava v Rossii in Russian archived from the original on 2011 10 03 retrieved 2008 03 22 a b Fan Irina June 2003 Cherez ispytaniya Nauka Urala in Russian vol 13 no 841External links editFull text English translation of parts 1 to 3 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation Old edition on December 23 2003 after this date many changes were made Full text English translation of part 4 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation made by Rospatent in 2011 Russian Federation Federal law no 231 FZ of 2006 Federalnyj zakon Rossijskoj Federacii ot 18 dekabrya 2006 g N 231 F3 O vvedenii v dejstvie chasti chetvertoj Grazhdanskogo kodeksa Rossijskoj Federacii Law 231 FL of December 18 2006 implementation act for part IV of the Civil Code In Russian URL last accessed 2010 07 13 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Civil Code of Russia amp oldid 1194833641, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
