fbpx
Wikipedia

Roman, Romania

February 16, 2024

Roman (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈroman]) is a city located in the central part of Western Moldavia, a traditional region of Romania. It is located 46 km (29 mi) east of Piatra Neamț, in Neamț County at the confluence of the rivers Siret and Moldova.

Roman
Municipality
History Museum in Roman (Nevruzzi House)
The Roman-Vodă National College
The Roman railway station
Flag
Coat of arms
Location in Neamț County
Roman
Location in Romania
Coordinates: 46°55′48″N 26°55′48″E / 46.93000°N 26.93000°E / 46.93000; 26.93000
CountryRomania
CountyNeamț
Government
 • Mayor (2020–2024) Leonard Achiriloaei[1] (PNL)
Area
30.08 km2 (11.61 sq mi)
Elevation
195 m (640 ft)
Population
 (2021-12-01)[2]
48,644
 • Density1,600/km2 (4,200/sq mi)
Time zoneEET/EEST (UTC+2/+3)
Postal code
611001–611162
Area code(+40) 02 33
Vehicle reg.NT
Websitewww.primariaroman.ro

Its name was taken from Moldavian Voivode Roman I of Moldavia. From here prince Roman realized the centralization of Moldavia, the city of Roman being the capital of the Lower Country of Moldavia (Romanian: Țara de Jos).

Geography edit

Roman is located in north-eastern Romania, in Neamț County, in the historic region of Moldavia, at the mouth of the Moldova River, a tributary to the Siret. The nearest large city is Bacău, 40 km (25 mi) away on national road DN2 and on the CFR Suceava–Bucharest railway; Piatra Neamț, the county capital, is 46 km away and Iași, the historic capital of Moldavia, is 80 km (50 mi) away.

History edit

 
The statue of Roman I of Moldavia

The earliest mention of the city is in the Novgorod Chronicle (dated between 1387 and 1392). Five years later, the name appeared on a donation deed. The city is mentioned in a Moldavian document, signed by Moldavia's Voivode Roman I, on March 30. The document is one of the first of documents of the then-young state of Moldavia, being the first which holds a fully legible version of the Moldavia seal, bearing the aurochs, the moon, the star, and the flower, still in use on coat of arms of Moldova.

Roman became a diocesan see in September 14, 1408, when Voivode Roman I's son, Alexandru cel Bun, established an Orthodox bishopric in the city. The representatives of the Catholic population of Roman, shepherded by the Bishop of Baia, attended the Council of Constance in 1412.

Later on in the late 15th century, Ștefan cel Mare built a new stone fortress on the left bank of the Siret River, to replace the old earthen one. Several documents from 1458, 1465, and 1488 during Ștefan's reign mention the Cathedral of Saint Paraskeva (Paraschiva) in Roman. In 1467, the fortress resisted the siege of the Hungarian army under King Matthias Corvinus, before the Battle of Baia. In 1476, an Ottoman army, led by Mehmed II, besieged the new fortress again, with the Moldavians retreating after the Battle of Valea Albă.

Petru Rareș ordered the construction of a new episcopal see on the same spot in 1542. The old fortress was apparently destroyed by Dumitrașcu Cantacuzino, following Ottoman command, together with all other Moldavian fortresses. One of the last mentions of it dates back to 1561–1563 during the reign of Ioan Iacob Heraclid. The catholic community had its rights restored around the same time, in 1562, as Ioan Belusiuș, an agent of the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I, wrote his master from Roman, after the severe limitations under Alexandru Lăpușneanu. In 1623, the Catholic community was described by the Franciscan missionary Andreas Bogoslavici in a letter sent to Rome, as Hungarian that understood and used Romanian. The Catholics appear to have a church dedicated to Saint Peter.

In 1569, Lady Ruxandra Lăpușneanu built an Orthodox church dedicated to the Holy Virgin (Precista Mare) on the same spot the eponym church is placed today. In 1595, the church Sfinții Voievozi was built. The current Armenian Orthodox Church was built in 1610. Some demographic data from 1641, recorded by the Vicar of Sofia, who was passing through Roman, shows there were 1,500 Eastern Orthodox, 450 Armenian Orthodox, and 30 Hungarian Catholics. A major personality of the city was Orthodox bishop Dosoftei, who translated the Psalter into Romanian in 1665–1671. In December 1691, Miron Costin, one of the first historians and writers in Romanian, was decapitated here on the orders of Prince Constantin Cantemir (Dimitrie Cantemir's father). Costin was in custody, being carried from Bărboși to Iași, where he hoped to prove his innocence; a few days earlier, the chronicler's brother had been killed in Iași, being believed to have attempted to obtain the throne for himself.

The first hospital in Roman was built in 1798 on the place where the Municipal Hospital Precista Mare is located today. Talmud Torah, one of the first Jewish schools in the Principality of Moldova, was inaugurated in 1817, an important event in itself as Moldova did not grant citizenship to Jews.

 
The Roman railway station

Roman became a railway hub in the 19th century, when the second railway in Romania was opened in December 1869, from Roman to Suceava (Ițcani). One year later, on December 27, 1870, The Bucharest-Galați-Roman railway was also opened, linking Roman to the capital via Mărășești, Tecuci, Galați, Brăila, and Buzău. Right after the inauguration, this railway was closed due to technical problems, but it was reestablished on September 13, 1872. At the same time, after a reluctant government gave its long-waited approval, the first high school of the city, Roman-Vodă, was opened on September 30 in the building that is still in use today as that of School No. 1.

 
The Roman-Vodă National College building

In the Communist era, the city lost the county capital status, being included, in 1950-1952 and 1956–1968, in Bacău Region, in 1952–1956 in Iași Region, and then, in 1968, in Neamț County. It also became the target of industrialization: in 1957, the steel tubes factory started production. Roman became an important industrial center in Romania.

After the fall of communism in 1989, most of the heavy industry, relying strongly on state subsidies, went bankrupt and Roman's economy struggled. The steel tubes factory was privatized, and it is now owned by the Mittal Steel Company, and the economy started to recover.

Natives edit

Historical population
YearPop.±%
1859 10,818—    
1899 16,288+50.6%
1912 18,128+11.3%
1930 28,823+59.0%
1948 23,701−17.8%
1956 27,948+17.9%
1966 39,012+39.6%
1977 51,132+31.1%
1992 80,328+57.1%
2002 69,483−13.5%
2011 50,713−27.0%
2021 48,644−4.1%
Source: Census data

Twin towns – sister cities edit

 
Road Map of Roman
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Romania

Roman is twinned with:[3][4]

References edit

  1. ^ "Results of the 2020 local elections". Central Electoral Bureau. Retrieved 8 June 2021.
  2. ^ "Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de vârstă, pe județe și municipii, orașe, comune, la 1 decembrie 2021" (XLS). National Institute of Statistics.
  3. ^ "Înfrățiri". primariaroman.ro (in Romanian). Roman. Retrieved 2022-06-20.
  4. ^ Vlăduț, Clapa (2022-11-10). "Municipiul Roman, pact de amiciție cu orașul Samothraki, Prefectura Evros - Republica Elenă". Romanul Financiar (in Romanian). Retrieved 2022-11-11.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Roman, Romania.

February 16, 2024
roman, romania, roman, romanian, pronunciation, ˈroman, city, located, central, part, western, moldavia, traditional, region, romania, located, east, piatra, neamț, neamț, county, confluence, rivers, siret, moldova, romanmunicipalityhistory, museum, roman, nev. Roman Romanian pronunciation ˈroman is a city located in the central part of Western Moldavia a traditional region of Romania It is located 46 km 29 mi east of Piatra Neamț in Neamț County at the confluence of the rivers Siret and Moldova RomanMunicipalityHistory Museum in Roman Nevruzzi House The Roman Vodă National CollegeThe Roman railway stationFlagCoat of armsLocation in Neamț CountyRomanLocation in RomaniaCoordinates 46 55 48 N 26 55 48 E 46 93000 N 26 93000 E 46 93000 26 93000CountryRomaniaCountyNeamțGovernment Mayor 2020 2024 Leonard Achiriloaei 1 PNL Area30 08 km2 11 61 sq mi Elevation195 m 640 ft Population 2021 12 01 2 48 644 Density1 600 km2 4 200 sq mi Time zoneEET EEST UTC 2 3 Postal code611001 611162Area code 40 02 33Vehicle reg NTWebsitewww wbr primariaroman wbr roIts name was taken from Moldavian Voivode Roman I of Moldavia From here prince Roman realized the centralization of Moldavia the city of Roman being the capital of the Lower Country of Moldavia Romanian Țara de Jos Contents 1 Geography 2 History 3 Natives 4 Twin towns sister cities 5 References 6 External linksGeography editRoman is located in north eastern Romania in Neamț County in the historic region of Moldavia at the mouth of the Moldova River a tributary to the Siret The nearest large city is Bacău 40 km 25 mi away on national road DN2 and on the CFR Suceava Bucharest railway Piatra Neamț the county capital is 46 km away and Iași the historic capital of Moldavia is 80 km 50 mi away History edit nbsp The statue of Roman I of MoldaviaThe earliest mention of the city is in the Novgorod Chronicle dated between 1387 and 1392 Five years later the name appeared on a donation deed The city is mentioned in a Moldavian document signed by Moldavia s Voivode Roman I on March 30 The document is one of the first of documents of the then young state of Moldavia being the first which holds a fully legible version of the Moldavia seal bearing the aurochs the moon the star and the flower still in use on coat of arms of Moldova Roman became a diocesan see in September 14 1408 when Voivode Roman I s son Alexandru cel Bun established an Orthodox bishopric in the city The representatives of the Catholic population of Roman shepherded by the Bishop of Baia attended the Council of Constance in 1412 Later on in the late 15th century Ștefan cel Mare built a new stone fortress on the left bank of the Siret River to replace the old earthen one Several documents from 1458 1465 and 1488 during Ștefan s reign mention the Cathedral of Saint Paraskeva Paraschiva in Roman In 1467 the fortress resisted the siege of the Hungarian army under King Matthias Corvinus before the Battle of Baia In 1476 an Ottoman army led by Mehmed II besieged the new fortress again with the Moldavians retreating after the Battle of Valea Albă Petru Rareș ordered the construction of a new episcopal see on the same spot in 1542 The old fortress was apparently destroyed by Dumitrașcu Cantacuzino following Ottoman command together with all other Moldavian fortresses One of the last mentions of it dates back to 1561 1563 during the reign of Ioan Iacob Heraclid The catholic community had its rights restored around the same time in 1562 as Ioan Belusiuș an agent of the Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand I wrote his master from Roman after the severe limitations under Alexandru Lăpușneanu In 1623 the Catholic community was described by the Franciscan missionary Andreas Bogoslavici in a letter sent to Rome as Hungarian that understood and used Romanian The Catholics appear to have a church dedicated to Saint Peter In 1569 Lady Ruxandra Lăpușneanu built an Orthodox church dedicated to the Holy Virgin Precista Mare on the same spot the eponym church is placed today In 1595 the church Sfinții Voievozi was built The current Armenian Orthodox Church was built in 1610 Some demographic data from 1641 recorded by the Vicar of Sofia who was passing through Roman shows there were 1 500 Eastern Orthodox 450 Armenian Orthodox and 30 Hungarian Catholics A major personality of the city was Orthodox bishop Dosoftei who translated the Psalter into Romanian in 1665 1671 In December 1691 Miron Costin one of the first historians and writers in Romanian was decapitated here on the orders of Prince Constantin Cantemir Dimitrie Cantemir s father Costin was in custody being carried from Bărboși to Iași where he hoped to prove his innocence a few days earlier the chronicler s brother had been killed in Iași being believed to have attempted to obtain the throne for himself The first hospital in Roman was built in 1798 on the place where the Municipal Hospital Precista Mare is located today Talmud Torah one of the first Jewish schools in the Principality of Moldova was inaugurated in 1817 an important event in itself as Moldova did not grant citizenship to Jews nbsp The Roman railway stationRoman became a railway hub in the 19th century when the second railway in Romania was opened in December 1869 from Roman to Suceava Ițcani One year later on December 27 1870 The Bucharest Galați Roman railway was also opened linking Roman to the capital via Mărășești Tecuci Galați Brăila and Buzău Right after the inauguration this railway was closed due to technical problems but it was reestablished on September 13 1872 At the same time after a reluctant government gave its long waited approval the first high school of the city Roman Vodă was opened on September 30 in the building that is still in use today as that of School No 1 nbsp The Roman Vodă National College buildingIn the Communist era the city lost the county capital status being included in 1950 1952 and 1956 1968 in Bacău Region in 1952 1956 in Iași Region and then in 1968 in Neamț County It also became the target of industrialization in 1957 the steel tubes factory started production Roman became an important industrial center in Romania After the fall of communism in 1989 most of the heavy industry relying strongly on state subsidies went bankrupt and Roman s economy struggled The steel tubes factory was privatized and it is now owned by the Mittal Steel Company and the economy started to recover Natives editHistorical populationYearPop 185910 818 189916 288 50 6 191218 128 11 3 193028 823 59 0 194823 701 17 8 195627 948 17 9 196639 012 39 6 197751 132 31 1 199280 328 57 1 200269 483 13 5 201150 713 27 0 202148 644 4 1 Source Census dataIon S Antoniu ro Daniel Baston Ernest Broșteanu F Brunea Fox Sergiu Celibidache Corneliu Codreanu footballer Gheorghe Dănilă Iliuță Dăscălescu Constantin Drugă Zicman Feider Gheorghe Flondor Bianca Ghelber Serban Ghenea Adrian Gheorghiu Virgil Gheorghiu poet Ion V Gruia Ion Ionescu de la Brad Dumitru Irimia ro Constantin Istrati Ana Maria Iuganu Mihail Jora Zizi Lambrino Ciprian Manea Andreea Marin George Radu Melidon ro Petru Th Missir Vasile Morțun Tereza Pislaru Mădălin Popa Cornel Popescu Andrei Răuță Paul Riegler ro Nae Roman ro Simona Spiridon Sandu Sticlaru ro Ion Strat Sorin Tabacariu Sorin Ovidiu Vantu Haralamb ZincăTwin towns sister cities edit nbsp Road Map of RomanSee also List of twin towns and sister cities in Romania Roman is twinned with 3 4 nbsp Dilijan Armenia nbsp Edineț Moldova nbsp Gedera Israel nbsp Grugliasco Italy nbsp Ștefan Vodă Moldova nbsp Sunchang South Korea nbsp Samothraki GreeceReferences edit Results of the 2020 local elections Central Electoral Bureau Retrieved 8 June 2021 Populaţia rezidentă după grupa de varstă pe județe și municipii orașe comune la 1 decembrie 2021 XLS National Institute of Statistics Infrățiri primariaroman ro in Romanian Roman Retrieved 2022 06 20 Vlăduț Clapa 2022 11 10 Municipiul Roman pact de amiciție cu orașul Samothraki Prefectura Evros Republica Elenă Romanul Financiar in Romanian Retrieved 2022 11 11 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Roman Romania Roman Romania ro website in Romanian Ziarul de Roman Local newspaper History of Roman Jews Archived 2019 09 16 at the Wayback Machine Melidonium Archived 2014 10 12 at the Wayback Machine magazine Roman Encyclopaedia Britannica 11th ed 1911 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Roman Romania amp oldid 1186531160, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.