He was born as Roberto Eduardo Viola on 13 October 1924. His parents were Italian immigrants Angelo Viola and Rosa Maria Prevedini, both from Casatisma, a town in the Province of Pavia.[2]
Viola appointed Lorenzo Sigaut as finance minister, and it became clear that Sigaut were looking for ways to reverse some of the economic policies of Videla's minister José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz. Notably, Sigaut abandoned the sliding exchange rate mechanism and devalued the peso, after boasting that "they who gamble on the dollar, will lose". Argentines braced for a recession after the excesses of the sweet money years, which destabilized Viola's position.[3]
Viola was also the victim of infighting within the armed forces. After being replaced as Navy chief, Eduardo Massera started looking for a political space to call his own, even enlisting the enforced and unpaid services of political prisoners held in concentration camps by the regime. The mainstream of the Junta's support was strongly opposed to Massera's designs and to any attempt to bring about more "populist" economic policies.
Foreign policyedit
Viola met with Ronald Reagan and Argentine Ambassador Jorge A. Aja Espil at the White House on March 17, 1981.
The re-establishment of diplomatic ties allowed for CIA collaboration with the Argentine intelligence service in arming and training the Nicaraguan Contras against the Sandinista government. The 601 Intelligence Battalion, for example, trained Contras at Lepaterique base, in Honduras. Argentina also provided security advisors, intelligence training and some material support to forces in Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras to suppress local rebel groups as part of a U.S.-sponsored program called Operation Charly.[5]
Ousted in a coupedit
Viola found his maneuvering space greatly reduced, and was ousted by a military coup in December 1981, led by the Commander-in-Chief of the Army, Lieutenant General Leopoldo Galtieri, who soon became President. The official explanation given for the ousting was Viola's alleged health problems. Galtieri swiftly appointed Roberto Alemann as finance minister and presided over the build-up and pursuit of the Falklands War.
Later yearsedit
After the collapse of the military regime and the election of Raúl Alfonsín in 1983, Viola was arrested, judged for human rights violations committed by the military junta during the Dirty War, and sentenced to 17 years in prison. His health deteriorated in prison; Viola was pardoned by Carlos Menem in 1990 together with all junta members. He died on 30 September 1994, at age 69.
^La nueva política económica argentina se basa en la modificación del esquema de cambios de la moneda. Según Lorenzo Sigaut, el nuevo ministro de Economía , El País, reproducción del artículo publicado el 8 de abril de 1981. (in Spanish)
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Roberto Eduardo Viola news newspapers books scholar JSTOR September 2009 Learn how and when to remove this message Roberto Eduardo Viola 13 October 1924 30 September 1994 was an Argentine military officer who served as the 48th President of Argentina and the 2nd President of the National Reorganization Process from 29 March to 11 December 1981 as a military dictator 1 Roberto Eduardo ViolaViola in 198148th President of Argentina2nd President of the National Reorganization ProcessIn office 29 March 1981 11 December 1981Vice PresidentVacantPreceded byJorge Rafael VidelaSucceeded byCarlos Alberto Lacoste interim Personal detailsBorn 1924 10 13 13 October 1924Buenos Aires ArgentinaDied30 September 1994 1994 09 30 aged 69 Buenos Aires ArgentinaPolitical partyNoneSpouseNelida Giorgio Valente 1 Children2 1 ProfessionMilitarySignatureMilitary serviceAllegiance ArgentinaBranch service Argentine ArmyRank Pre 1991 epaulette Lieutenant General Contents 1 Early life 2 Presidency 1981 2 1 Economic policy 2 2 Foreign policy 2 3 Ousted in a coup 3 Later years 4 See also 5 ReferencesEarly life editHe was born as Roberto Eduardo Viola on 13 October 1924 His parents were Italian immigrants Angelo Viola and Rosa Maria Prevedini both from Casatisma a town in the Province of Pavia 2 Presidency 1981 editAfter Jorge Rafael Videla left office Viola formally assumed the post of President of Argentina Economic policy edit Viola appointed Lorenzo Sigaut as finance minister and it became clear that Sigaut were looking for ways to reverse some of the economic policies of Videla s minister Jose Alfredo Martinez de Hoz Notably Sigaut abandoned the sliding exchange rate mechanism and devalued the peso after boasting that they who gamble on the dollar will lose Argentines braced for a recession after the excesses of the sweet money years which destabilized Viola s position 3 Viola was also the victim of infighting within the armed forces After being replaced as Navy chief Eduardo Massera started looking for a political space to call his own even enlisting the enforced and unpaid services of political prisoners held in concentration camps by the regime The mainstream of the Junta s support was strongly opposed to Massera s designs and to any attempt to bring about more populist economic policies Foreign policy edit nbsp Viola met with Ronald Reagan and Argentine Ambassador Jorge A Aja Espil at the White House on March 17 1981 Argentina United States relations improved dramatically with the Ronald Reagan administration which asserted that the previous Carter Administration had weakened US diplomatic relationships with Cold War allies in Argentina and reversed the previous administration s official condemnation of the junta s human rights practices 4 The re establishment of diplomatic ties allowed for CIA collaboration with the Argentine intelligence service in arming and training the Nicaraguan Contras against the Sandinista government The 601 Intelligence Battalion for example trained Contras at Lepaterique base in Honduras Argentina also provided security advisors intelligence training and some material support to forces in Guatemala El Salvador and Honduras to suppress local rebel groups as part of a U S sponsored program called Operation Charly 5 Ousted in a coup edit Viola found his maneuvering space greatly reduced and was ousted by a military coup in December 1981 led by the Commander in Chief of the Army Lieutenant General Leopoldo Galtieri who soon became President The official explanation given for the ousting was Viola s alleged health problems Galtieri swiftly appointed Roberto Alemann as finance minister and presided over the build up and pursuit of the Falklands War Later years editAfter the collapse of the military regime and the election of Raul Alfonsin in 1983 Viola was arrested judged for human rights violations committed by the military junta during the Dirty War and sentenced to 17 years in prison His health deteriorated in prison Viola was pardoned by Carlos Menem in 1990 together with all junta members He died on 30 September 1994 at age 69 See also editNational Reorganization ProcessReferences edit a b c Roberto Viola 69 Who Headed Argentine Military Dictatorship The New York Times 2 October 1994 Viola La nueva politica economica argentina se basa en la modificacion del esquema de cambios de la moneda Segun Lorenzo Sigaut el nuevo ministro de Economia El Pais reproduccion del articulo publicado el 8 de abril de 1981 in Spanish Rossinow pp 73 77 79 Los secretos de la guerra sucia continental de la dictadura Clarin March 24 2006 in Spanish Military offices Preceded byJorge VidelaAs General Commander of the Army Commander in Chief of the Army1978 1981 Succeeded byLeopoldo Galtieri Political offices Preceded byJorge Videla President of Argentina1981 Succeeded byCarlos Lacoste Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Roberto Eduardo Viola amp oldid 1212909472, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
