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Richard Morrison (ambassador)

October 19, 2023

Sir Richard Morrison (or Morison or Morysine[1]) (ca. 1513 – 1556) was an English humanist scholar and diplomat. He was a protégé of Thomas Cromwell, propagandist for Henry VIII, and then ambassador to the German court of Charles V for Edward VI.

Arms of Morrison: Or, on a chief gules three chaplets of the first

Life Edit

Richard Morrison was the son of Thomas Morison of Hertfordshire by a daughter of Thomas Merry of Hatfield.[2] He had a sister, Amy, who married Stephen Hales (d. 27 March 1574), esquire, of Newland, Warwickshire, brother of John Hales.[3]

Morrison attended Cardinal College, Oxford (now Christ Church) ca. 1526 and met Nicholas Udall, who became the master of Eton College and was known as the father of English comedy. He graduated B.A. at Oxford on 19 January 1527–8, and directly entered the service of Thomas Wolsey; but he soon left the cardinal, visited Hugh Latimer at Cambridge, and went to Italy to study Greek.[2] He attended the University of Padua in 1532, making the acquaintance there of Michael Throckmorton. In Italy both these young humanists had links with a group of reformers later called 'spirituali', whom Morison met through contacts with Edmund Harvel and Bishop Cosimo Gheri.[4] He became a proficient if impoverished scholar at Venice and Padua, and retained an interest in literature, along with his adopted Calvinistic religious views.[2]

Writing in February 1536 to Thomas Cromwell, he said that he wished to do something else than be wretched in Italy. Cromwell summoned him home, and gave him an official appointment.[2] Morison and Throckmorton subsequently took up diametrically opposed religious positions: while Throckmorton would embark on a career as agent for Reginald Pole, Morison returned to England to become Henry VIII's propagandist, producing A Remedy for Sedition in response to the Pilgrimage of Grace. Cromwell used a whole coterie of "divers fresh and quick wits" that also included John Bale, John Heywood (C. 1497–1580), William Marshall, John Rastell, Thomas Starkey, and Richard Taverner.

On 17 July 1537, he became prebendary of Yatminster in Salisbury Cathedral, and derived benefit from the Dissolution of the Monasteries. He received the mastership of the hospitals of St. James's, Northallerton, Yorkshire, and St. Wulstan, Worcester, with other monastic grants.[5] The King in 1541 is said to have given him the library of the Carmelites in London.[2]

In 1546 Morison went as ambassador to the Hanseatic League. On Henry VIII's death he was furnished with credentials to the king of Denmark, and ordered by the council to announce Edward VI's accession. On 8 May 1549, he was made a commissioner to visit the university of Oxford, and before June 1550 was knighted. In 1550 Morison replaced Sir Philip Hoby as Ambassador to the Emperor.[6]

Setting off in July, he went with Roger Ascham as his secretary, the two reading Greek every day together. His despatches to the council were long, but Morison found time to travel in Germany with Ascham, who published in 1553 an account of their experiences in A Report of the Affaires of Germany. The emperor frequently remonstrated through Morison about the treatment of the Princess Mary; and he did not altogether like Morison, who was in the habit reading Bernard Ochino's Sermons or Machiavelli to his household 'for the sake of the language.'[2]

After Edward's death, Morison was revoked as ambassador. On 5 August 1553 he and Sir Philip Hoby received a recall for a political gaffe: they had alluded to Guilford Dudley as king in a letter to the council. The next year Morison withdrew to Strasburg with Sir John Cheke and Anthony Cooke, and spent his time in study under Peter Martyr, whose patron he had been at Oxford. He was at Brussels early in 1555, and is said also to have passed into Italy, but he died at Strasburg on 17 March 1556.[2]

Morison died a rich man, and had begun to build the mansion of Cashiobury in Watford, Hertfordshire.[2]

Works Edit

Morison's works include:

  • 'A lamentation in whiche is shewed what ruyne and destruction cometh of seditious rebellyon,' London, 1536, an indictment of the Lincolnshire Rising.
  • 'A remedy for sedition,' London, 1536, an attack on the Pilgrimage of Grace.
  • ‘Apomaxis Calumniarum,’ London, 1537, an attack on Cochlæus, who had written against Henry VIII, and who retorted in 'Scopa in Araneas Ricardi Morison Angli,' Leipzig, 1538.
  • A translation of the 'Epistle' of Sturmius, London, 1538.
  • 'An Invective ayenste the great detestable vice, Treason,' London, 1539, in response to the Exeter Conspiracy.
  • 'An exhortation to styrre all Englyshe men to the defence of they're countreye,' London, 1539.
  • 'The Strategemes, Sleyghtes, and Policies of Warre, gathered together by S. Julius Frontinus,' London, 1539; translation of a work on tactics by Sextus Julius Frontinus.
  • A translation of the 'Introduction to Wisdom' by Juan Luis Vives, London, 1540 and 1544, dedicated to Gregory Cromwell.[2]

He is also said to have written 'Comfortable Consolation for the Birth of Prince Edward, rather than Sorrow for the Death of Queen Jane,'[7][8] after the death of Jane Seymour on 24 October 1537. 'Defending the Marriage of Preistes', by Philip Melanchthon.[9][10] is sometimes incorrectly assigned to Morison.

In manuscript are 'Maxims and Sayings,' Sloane MS. 1523; 'A Treatise of Faith and Justification,' Harl. MS. 423 (4); 'Account of Mary's Persecution under Edward VI,' Harl. MS. 353.[2] Morison suggested to king Henry VIII that the popular Robin Hood plays should be suppressed in favour of anti-papist propaganda. His attitude is clear in a Cottonian manuscript entitled A Discourse Touching the Reformation of the Lawes of England (1535):

Howmoche better is it that those [Romish] plaies shulde be forbodden and deleted and others dyvysed to set forthe and declare lyvely before the peoples eies the abhomynation and wickedness of the bishop of Rome, monks, friers, nuns, and suche like ... Into the commen people thynges sooner enter by the eies, then by the eares: remembryng more better that they see then that they here.

Marriage and issue Edit

Morrison married Bridget Hussey, the daughter of John Hussey, 1st Baron Hussey of Sleaford; after his death she remarried twice, in 1561 to Henry Manners, 2nd Earl of Rutland and then in 1566 to Francis Russell, 2nd Earl of Bedford.[11][unreliable source] By her he had a son Sir Charles, and three daughters:

Richard's son Charles (1549–1599) completed Cashiobury, which later passed to Charles's son, Charles Morrison (1587–1628). The estate then passed into the Capel family by the marriage of the younger Charles's daughter Elizabeth with Arthur Capell, 1st Baron Capell of Hadham. According to Anthony Wood, Morison left illegitimate children.[2]

By his mistress Lucy Peckham (d. 31 July 1552), the daughter of Thomas Peckham, and wife of Sir George Harper (d. 12 December 1558), Morrison had a son and three daughters. According to the inquisition post mortem taken 18 October 1560, these children were Marcellus Harper (d. 1 February 1559); Frances, who married William Patrickson, gentleman; Mary, who married Bartholomew Hales, gentleman, brother of John Hales; and Anne, who died unmarried.[12]

Notes Edit

  1. ^ Calendar of State Papers Foreign, Edward VI: 1547–1553, William B. Turnbull (editor), 1861, no. 338, 5 May 1551
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Morison, Richard" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  3. ^ Burke & Burke 1844, pp. 372–3; Burke & Burke 1838, pp. 236–237
  4. ^ M. A. Overell, 'An English Friendship and Italian Reform: Richard Morison and Michael Throckmorton, 1532–1538', The Journal of Ecclesiastical History (2006), 57 : 478–493
  5. ^ He appears on a list of Preceptors of the Hospital of St Wulstan – Richard Morison collated 1539, surrendered 1540.'Hospitals: Worcester', A History of the County of Worcester: Volume 2 (1971), pp. 175–179.
  6. ^ An indenture of receipt dated 8 November 1550, of delivery by Sir Philip Hoby, Ambassador to the Emperor, to Sir Richard Morrison, who is to replace him, of various items of silver plate formerly held by Thomas, late Bishop of Westminster. List with weights. Endorsed with paper seal. Accessed 31 December 2022.
  7. ^ Bibliotheca Harleiana, vol. i. number 7783.
  8. ^ "Literary remains of King Edward the Sixth. Edited from his autograph manuscripts, with historical notes and a biographical memoir". 1857.
  9. ^ A very godly defence, full of Lerning, defending the Marriage of Preistes, by Philip Melancton, transl. by Lewis Beuchame. lips., U.Hoffe, 1541, 8vo.
  10. ^ British librarian, or book-collector's guide to the formation of a library by William Thomas Lowndes, p.1029
  11. ^ "HUSSEY".
  12. ^ Fry 1896.

References Edit

  • Burke, John; Burke, John Bernard (1838). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England. London: Scott, Webster and Geary. pp. 236–7. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
  • Burke, John; Burke, John Bernard (1844). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England, Ireland and Scotland (2nd ed.). London: John Russell Smith. pp. 372–3. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
  • Fry, G.S., ed. (1896). Abstracts of Inquisitiones Post Mortem for the City of London: Part 1. Vol. XV. London and Middlesex Archaeological Society. pp. 191–211. Retrieved 8 January 2013.
  • Jonathan Woolfson, ‘Morison, Sir Richard (c.1510–1556)’, Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, Oxford University Press, September 2004; online edn, January 2008. Retrieved 26 November 2008

Attribution

Further reading Edit

  • Sowerby, Tracey A. (2010). Renaissance and Reform in Tudor England: The Careers of Sir Richard Morison c.1513–1556. Oxford Historical Monographs. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199584635.

External links Edit

  • Morison, Sir Richard (1514–56), History of Parliament
  • Will of Sir Richard Morison, National Archives
  • Hales, John (d.1572), History of Parliament
  • Hales, Stephen (d.1574), History of Parliament
  • Will of Stephen Hales, National Archives
  • Harper, George (1503–58), History of Parliament
  • Will of Sir George Harper, National Archives
  • His autograph in Greek.

October 19, 2023
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Sir Richard Morrison or Morison or Morysine 1 ca 1513 1556 was an English humanist scholar and diplomat He was a protege of Thomas Cromwell propagandist for Henry VIII and then ambassador to the German court of Charles V for Edward VI Arms of Morrison Or on a chief gules three chaplets of the first Contents 1 Life 2 Works 3 Marriage and issue 4 Notes 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksLife EditRichard Morrison was the son of Thomas Morison of Hertfordshire by a daughter of Thomas Merry of Hatfield 2 He had a sister Amy who married Stephen Hales d 27 March 1574 esquire of Newland Warwickshire brother of John Hales 3 Morrison attended Cardinal College Oxford now Christ Church ca 1526 and met Nicholas Udall who became the master of Eton College and was known as the father of English comedy He graduated B A at Oxford on 19 January 1527 8 and directly entered the service of Thomas Wolsey but he soon left the cardinal visited Hugh Latimer at Cambridge and went to Italy to study Greek 2 He attended the University of Padua in 1532 making the acquaintance there of Michael Throckmorton In Italy both these young humanists had links with a group of reformers later called spirituali whom Morison met through contacts with Edmund Harvel and Bishop Cosimo Gheri 4 He became a proficient if impoverished scholar at Venice and Padua and retained an interest in literature along with his adopted Calvinistic religious views 2 Writing in February 1536 to Thomas Cromwell he said that he wished to do something else than be wretched in Italy Cromwell summoned him home and gave him an official appointment 2 Morison and Throckmorton subsequently took up diametrically opposed religious positions while Throckmorton would embark on a career as agent for Reginald Pole Morison returned to England to become Henry VIII s propagandist producing A Remedy for Sedition in response to the Pilgrimage of Grace Cromwell used a whole coterie of divers fresh and quick wits that also included John Bale John Heywood C 1497 1580 William Marshall John Rastell Thomas Starkey and Richard Taverner On 17 July 1537 he became prebendary of Yatminster in Salisbury Cathedral and derived benefit from the Dissolution of the Monasteries He received the mastership of the hospitals of St James s Northallerton Yorkshire and St Wulstan Worcester with other monastic grants 5 The King in 1541 is said to have given him the library of the Carmelites in London 2 In 1546 Morison went as ambassador to the Hanseatic League On Henry VIII s death he was furnished with credentials to the king of Denmark and ordered by the council to announce Edward VI s accession On 8 May 1549 he was made a commissioner to visit the university of Oxford and before June 1550 was knighted In 1550 Morison replaced Sir Philip Hoby as Ambassador to the Emperor 6 Setting off in July he went with Roger Ascham as his secretary the two reading Greek every day together His despatches to the council were long but Morison found time to travel in Germany with Ascham who published in 1553 an account of their experiences in A Report of the Affaires of Germany The emperor frequently remonstrated through Morison about the treatment of the Princess Mary and he did not altogether like Morison who was in the habit reading Bernard Ochino s Sermons or Machiavelli to his household for the sake of the language 2 After Edward s death Morison was revoked as ambassador On 5 August 1553 he and Sir Philip Hoby received a recall for a political gaffe they had alluded to Guilford Dudley as king in a letter to the council The next year Morison withdrew to Strasburg with Sir John Cheke and Anthony Cooke and spent his time in study under Peter Martyr whose patron he had been at Oxford He was at Brussels early in 1555 and is said also to have passed into Italy but he died at Strasburg on 17 March 1556 2 Morison died a rich man and had begun to build the mansion of Cashiobury in Watford Hertfordshire 2 Works EditMorison s works include A lamentation in whiche is shewed what ruyne and destruction cometh of seditious rebellyon London 1536 an indictment of the Lincolnshire Rising A remedy for sedition London 1536 an attack on the Pilgrimage of Grace Apomaxis Calumniarum London 1537 an attack on Cochlaeus who had written against Henry VIII and who retorted in Scopa in Araneas Ricardi Morison Angli Leipzig 1538 A translation of the Epistle of Sturmius London 1538 An Invective ayenste the great detestable vice Treason London 1539 in response to the Exeter Conspiracy An exhortation to styrre all Englyshe men to the defence of they re countreye London 1539 The Strategemes Sleyghtes and Policies of Warre gathered together by S Julius Frontinus London 1539 translation of a work on tactics by Sextus Julius Frontinus A translation of the Introduction to Wisdom by Juan Luis Vives London 1540 and 1544 dedicated to Gregory Cromwell 2 He is also said to have written Comfortable Consolation for the Birth of Prince Edward rather than Sorrow for the Death of Queen Jane 7 8 after the death of Jane Seymour on 24 October 1537 Defending the Marriage of Preistes by Philip Melanchthon 9 10 is sometimes incorrectly assigned to Morison In manuscript are Maxims and Sayings Sloane MS 1523 A Treatise of Faith and Justification Harl MS 423 4 Account of Mary s Persecution under Edward VI Harl MS 353 2 Morison suggested to king Henry VIII that the popular Robin Hood plays should be suppressed in favour of anti papist propaganda His attitude is clear in a Cottonian manuscript entitled A Discourse Touching the Reformation of the Lawes of England 1535 Howmoche better is it that those Romish plaies shulde be forbodden and deleted and others dyvysed to set forthe and declare lyvely before the peoples eies the abhomynation and wickedness of the bishop of Rome monks friers nuns and suche like Into the commen people thynges sooner enter by the eies then by the eares remembryng more better that they see then that they here Marriage and issue EditMorrison married Bridget Hussey the daughter of John Hussey 1st Baron Hussey of Sleaford after his death she remarried twice in 1561 to Henry Manners 2nd Earl of Rutland and then in 1566 to Francis Russell 2nd Earl of Bedford 11 unreliable source By her he had a son Sir Charles and three daughters Jane married to Edward Lord Russell son of Francis Russell 2nd Earl of Bedford and secondly to Arthur Grey 14th Baron Grey de Wilton Elizabeth to William Norris and secondly to Henry Clinton 2nd Earl of Lincoln Mary to Bartholomew Hales Richard s son Charles 1549 1599 completed Cashiobury which later passed to Charles s son Charles Morrison 1587 1628 The estate then passed into the Capel family by the marriage of the younger Charles s daughter Elizabeth with Arthur Capell 1st Baron Capell of Hadham According to Anthony Wood Morison left illegitimate children 2 By his mistress Lucy Peckham d 31 July 1552 the daughter of Thomas Peckham and wife of Sir George Harper d 12 December 1558 Morrison had a son and three daughters According to the inquisition post mortem taken 18 October 1560 these children were Marcellus Harper d 1 February 1559 Frances who married William Patrickson gentleman Mary who married Bartholomew Hales gentleman brother of John Hales and Anne who died unmarried 12 Notes Edit Calendar of State Papers Foreign Edward VI 1547 1553 William B Turnbull editor 1861 no 338 5 May 1551 a b c d e f g h i j k Morison Richard Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Burke amp Burke 1844 pp 372 3 Burke amp Burke 1838 pp 236 237 M A Overell An English Friendship and Italian Reform Richard Morison and Michael Throckmorton 1532 1538 The Journal of Ecclesiastical History 2006 57 478 493 He appears on a list of Preceptors of the Hospital of St Wulstan Richard Morison collated 1539 surrendered 1540 Hospitals Worcester A History of the County of Worcester Volume 2 1971 pp 175 179 An indenture of receipt dated 8 November 1550 of delivery by Sir Philip Hoby Ambassador to the Emperor to Sir Richard Morrison who is to replace him of various items of silver plate formerly held by Thomas late Bishop of Westminster List with weights Endorsed with paper seal Accessed 31 December 2022 Bibliotheca Harleiana vol i number 7783 Literary remains of King Edward the Sixth Edited from his autograph manuscripts with historical notes and a biographical memoir 1857 A very godly defence full of Lerning defending the Marriage of Preistes by Philip Melancton transl by Lewis Beuchame lips U Hoffe 1541 8vo British librarian or book collector s guide to the formation of a library by William Thomas Lowndes p 1029 HUSSEY Fry 1896 References EditBurke John Burke John Bernard 1838 A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England London Scott Webster and Geary pp 236 7 Retrieved 7 January 2013 Burke John Burke John Bernard 1844 A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Extinct and Dormant Baronetcies of England Ireland and Scotland 2nd ed London John Russell Smith pp 372 3 Retrieved 8 January 2013 Fry G S ed 1896 Abstracts of Inquisitiones Post Mortem for the City of London Part 1 Vol XV London and Middlesex Archaeological Society pp 191 211 Retrieved 8 January 2013 Jonathan Woolfson Morison Sir Richard c 1510 1556 Oxford Dictionary of National Biography Oxford University Press September 2004 online edn January 2008 Retrieved 26 November 2008Attribution nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Archbold William Arthur Jobson 1894 Morison Richard In Lee Sidney ed Dictionary of National Biography Vol 39 London Smith Elder amp Co pp 60 61 Further reading EditSowerby Tracey A 2010 Renaissance and Reform in Tudor England The Careers of Sir Richard Morison c 1513 1556 Oxford Historical Monographs Oxford University Press ISBN 9780199584635 External links EditMorison Sir Richard 1514 56 History of Parliament Will of Sir Richard Morison National Archives Hales John d 1572 History of Parliament Hales Stephen d 1574 History of Parliament Will of Stephen Hales National Archives Harper George 1503 58 History of Parliament Will of Sir George Harper National Archives His autograph in Greek Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Richard Morrison ambassador amp oldid 1165629137, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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