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Richard M. Friedberg

May 02, 2024

Richard M. Friedberg (born October 8, 1935) is a theoretical physicist who has contributed to a wide variety of problems in mathematics and physics. These include mathematical logic, number theory, solid state physics, general relativity,[2] particle physics, quantum optics, genome research,[3] and the foundations of quantum physics.[4]

Richard Friedberg
Born8 October 1935 (1935-10-08) (age 88)
New York City, New York, U.S.
Alma materHarvard University
AwardsWilliam Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition (1956)
IEEE Evolutionary Computation Pioneer Award (2004)[1]
Scientific career
FieldsPhysicist
InstitutionsBarnard College
Columbia University
Doctoral advisorTsung-Dao Lee

Early life edit

Friedberg was born in Manhattan on Oct 8, 1935, the child of cardiologist Charles K. Friedberg, and playwright Gertrude Tonkonogy.[5]

Academic work edit

Friedberg's most well-known work dates back to the mid-1950s. As an undergraduate at Harvard, he published several papers over a period of 2–3 years. The first paper introduced the priority method, a common technique in computability theory, in order to prove the existence of recursively enumerable sets with incomparable degrees of unsolvability.[6][7][8][9]

In 1968, Friedberg proved independently what became known as Bell’s inequality, not knowing that J. S. Bell had proved it a few years earlier. He showed it to the physicist and historian Max Jammer, who somehow managed to insert it into his book “The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics”,[10] although the latter bears the publication date 1966. This caused Friedberg some embarrassment later when classmates at Harvard, knowing of the result only through Jammer’s book, supposed that Friedberg was the first discoverer. (A letter from Friedberg to Jammer dated May 1971 begins, “It was nice of you to remember what I showed you in 1968. I finally got around to writing it up in 1969, but just then I found out about Bell’s 1964 paper (Physics 1, 195) which had anticipated my ‘discovery’ by three years. So I did not publish.”) More recently, Friedberg worked on the foundations of quantum mechanics in collaboration with the late Pierre Hohenberg.[11]

Friedberg is also known for his love of music and poetry. He wrote poems in several letters[12] [13] [14] [15] to cognitive scientist and writer Douglas Hofstadter in 1989. The last letter contains two sonnets ”The Electromagnetic Spectrum” and "Fermions and Bosons". These letters also include critiques and analyses of topics in Metamagical Themas, a collection of articles that Hofstadter wrote for Scientific American during the early 1980s.

Friedberg wrote an informal book on number theory titled "An Adventurer's Guide to Number Theory".[16] In the book, he states, "The difference between the theory of numbers and arithmetic is like the difference between poetry and grammar."

Selected publications edit

  • "Two Recursively Enumerable Sets Not Recursive in Each Other", Richard Friedberg, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. vol. 43, p. 236 (1957) [communicated by K. Gödel]. doi:10.1073/pnas.43.2.236
  • "A criterion for completeness of degrees of unsolvability", Richard. M. Friedberg, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 22, Issue 2 June 1957, pp. 159–160.
  • "A Learning Machine: Part I", R.M. Friedberg, IBM Journal of Research and Development (Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Jan. 1958).
  • "Three theorems on recursive enumeration. I. Decomposition. II. Maximal set. III. Enumeration without duplication", Richard M. Friedberg, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 23, Issue 3 September 1958, pp. 309–316.
  • "Dual Trees and Resummation Theorems", R. Friedberg, J. Math. Phys. vol. 16, p 20 (1974). Bibcode:1975JMP....16...20F
  • "The Electrostatics and Magnetostatics of a Conducting Disc", R. Friedberg, Am. J. Phys vol. 61, p. 1084 (1993).
  • "Path Integrals in Polar Variables with Spontaneously Broken Symmetry", R. Friedberg, J. Math Phys. vol. 36, p. 2675 (1995). doi:10.1063/1.531360
  • "Derivation of Regge’s Action from Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity", R. Friedberg and T. D. Lee, Nucl. Phys. B 242, 145 (1984).
  • "Frequency Shifts in Emission and Absorption by Resonant Systems of Two-Level Atoms", (with S. R. Hartmann and J. T. Manassah), Phys. Reports 7C, 101 (1973).
  • "Efficient Sorting of Genomic Permutation by Translocation, inversion and block interchange" S. Yancopoulos, O. Attie, Friedberg, Bioinformatics vol. 21, pp 3352–59 (2005). doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bti535

References edit

  1. ^ "2004 Pioneer Award - Richard M. Friedberg". Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation (IEEE Cat No 04TH8753) CEC-04. 2004. pp. xi. doi:10.1109/CEC.2004.1330827. ISBN 0-7803-8515-2. Retrieved 2023-10-21.
  2. ^ “Derivation of Regge’s Action from Einstein’s Theory of General Relativity”, R. Friedberg and T. D. Lee, Nucl. Phys. B 242, 145 (1984).
  3. ^ “Efficient Sorting of Genomic Permutation...” S. Yancopoulos, O. Attie, Friedberg, Bioinformatics vol. 21, pp 3352-59 (2005)
  4. ^ “Compatible Quantum Theory”, R. Friedberg, P.C. Hohenberg, Rep. Prog. Phys. 77, 2014, 092001 - 092035 ; “What is Quantum Mechanics? A Minimal Formulation R. Friedberg, P. C. Hohenberg”, Published by Springer-Verlag 21 February 2018 by Springer-Verlag in Foundations of Physics, Feb 21, page 1 (2018)
  5. ^ Year: 1940; Census Place: New York, New York, New York; Roll: m-t0627-02655; Page: 1A; Enumeration District: 31-1314
  6. ^ “Two Recursively Enumerable Sets Not Recursive in Each Other”, [solution of Post’s problem], Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. vol. 43, p. 236 (1957) [communicated by Kurt Gödel].
  7. ^ “A criterion for completeness of degrees of unsolvability", Richard. M. Friedberg, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 22, Issue 2, June 1957, pp. 159-160
  8. ^ “A Learning Machine: Part I”, R. M. Friedberg, IBM Journal of Research and Development (Volume: 2, Issue: 1, Jan. 1958).
  9. ^ “Three theorems on recursive enumeration. I. Decomposition. II. Maximal set. III. Enumeration without duplication”, Richard M. Friedberg, Journal of Symbolic Logic, Volume 23, Issue 3 September 1958, pp. 309-316
  10. ^ The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1966 2nd ed: New York: American Institute of Physics, 1989. ISBN 0-88318-617-9
  11. ^ “Compatible Quantum Theory”, R. Friedberg, P.C. Hohenberg, Rep. Prog. Phys. 77, 2014, 092001 - 092035 ; “What is Quantum Mechanics? A Minimal Formulation R. Friedberg, P. C. Hohenberg”, Published by Springer-Verlag 21 February 2018 by Springer-Verlag in Foundations of Physics, Feb 21, page 1 (2018).
  12. ^ http://physics.gmu.edu/~isatija/R2D2.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  13. ^ http://physics.gmu.edu/~isatija/R2D3.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  14. ^ http://physics.gmu.edu/~isatija/R2D4.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  15. ^ http://physics.gmu.edu/~isatija/R2D5.pdf [bare URL PDF]
  16. ^ "An Adventurer’s Guide to Number Theory", R. Friedberg. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1968; reissued by Dover Publications, 1994.

See also edit

May 02, 2024
richard, friedberg, this, article, multiple, issues, please, help, improve, discuss, these, issues, talk, page, learn, when, remove, these, template, messages, major, contributor, this, article, appears, have, close, connection, with, subject, require, cleanup. This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages A major contributor to this article appears to have a close connection with its subject It may require cleanup to comply with Wikipedia s content policies particularly neutral point of view Please discuss further on the talk page March 2018 Learn how and when to remove this message This article may rely excessively on sources too closely associated with the subject potentially preventing the article from being verifiable and neutral Please help improve it by replacing them with more appropriate citations to reliable independent third party sources March 2018 Learn how and when to remove this message Learn how and when to remove this message Richard M Friedberg born October 8 1935 is a theoretical physicist who has contributed to a wide variety of problems in mathematics and physics These include mathematical logic number theory solid state physics general relativity 2 particle physics quantum optics genome research 3 and the foundations of quantum physics 4 Richard FriedbergBorn8 October 1935 1935 10 08 age 88 New York City New York U S Alma materHarvard UniversityAwardsWilliam Lowell Putnam Mathematical Competition 1956 IEEE Evolutionary Computation Pioneer Award 2004 1 Scientific careerFieldsPhysicistInstitutionsBarnard CollegeColumbia UniversityDoctoral advisorTsung Dao Lee Contents 1 Early life 2 Academic work 3 Selected publications 4 References 5 See alsoEarly life editFriedberg was born in Manhattan on Oct 8 1935 the child of cardiologist Charles K Friedberg and playwright Gertrude Tonkonogy 5 Academic work editFriedberg s most well known work dates back to the mid 1950s As an undergraduate at Harvard he published several papers over a period of 2 3 years The first paper introduced the priority method a common technique in computability theory in order to prove the existence of recursively enumerable sets with incomparable degrees of unsolvability 6 7 8 9 In 1968 Friedberg proved independently what became known as Bell s inequality not knowing that J S Bell had proved it a few years earlier He showed it to the physicist and historian Max Jammer who somehow managed to insert it into his book The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics 10 although the latter bears the publication date 1966 This caused Friedberg some embarrassment later when classmates at Harvard knowing of the result only through Jammer s book supposed that Friedberg was the first discoverer A letter from Friedberg to Jammer dated May 1971 begins It was nice of you to remember what I showed you in 1968 I finally got around to writing it up in 1969 but just then I found out about Bell s 1964 paper Physics 1 195 which had anticipated my discovery by three years So I did not publish More recently Friedberg worked on the foundations of quantum mechanics in collaboration with the late Pierre Hohenberg 11 Friedberg is also known for his love of music and poetry He wrote poems in several letters 12 13 14 15 to cognitive scientist and writer Douglas Hofstadter in 1989 The last letter contains two sonnets The Electromagnetic Spectrum and Fermions and Bosons These letters also include critiques and analyses of topics in Metamagical Themas a collection of articles that Hofstadter wrote for Scientific American during the early 1980s Friedberg wrote an informal book on number theory titled An Adventurer s Guide to Number Theory 16 In the book he states The difference between the theory of numbers and arithmetic is like the difference between poetry and grammar Selected publications edit Two Recursively Enumerable Sets Not Recursive in Each Other Richard Friedberg Proc Natl Acad Sci vol 43 p 236 1957 communicated by K Godel doi 10 1073 pnas 43 2 236 A criterion for completeness of degrees of unsolvability Richard M Friedberg Journal of Symbolic Logic Volume 22 Issue 2 June 1957 pp 159 160 A Learning Machine Part I R M Friedberg IBM Journal of Research and Development Volume 2 Issue 1 Jan 1958 Three theorems on recursive enumeration I Decomposition II Maximal set III Enumeration without duplication Richard M Friedberg Journal of Symbolic Logic Volume 23 Issue 3 September 1958 pp 309 316 Dual Trees and Resummation Theorems R Friedberg J Math Phys vol 16 p 20 1974 Bibcode 1975JMP 16 20F The Electrostatics and Magnetostatics of a Conducting Disc R Friedberg Am J Phys vol 61 p 1084 1993 Path Integrals in Polar Variables with Spontaneously Broken Symmetry R Friedberg J Math Phys vol 36 p 2675 1995 doi 10 1063 1 531360 Derivation of Regge s Action from Einstein s Theory of General Relativity R Friedberg and T D Lee Nucl Phys B 242 145 1984 Frequency Shifts in Emission and Absorption by Resonant Systems of Two Level Atoms with S R Hartmann and J T Manassah Phys Reports 7C 101 1973 Efficient Sorting of Genomic Permutation by Translocation inversion and block interchange S Yancopoulos O Attie Friedberg Bioinformatics vol 21 pp 3352 59 2005 doi 10 1093 bioinformatics bti535References edit 2004 Pioneer Award Richard M Friedberg Proceedings of the 2004 Congress on Evolutionary Computation IEEE Cat No 04TH8753 CEC 04 2004 pp xi doi 10 1109 CEC 2004 1330827 ISBN 0 7803 8515 2 Retrieved 2023 10 21 Derivation of Regge s Action from Einstein s Theory of General Relativity R Friedberg and T D Lee Nucl Phys B 242 145 1984 Efficient Sorting of Genomic Permutation S Yancopoulos O Attie Friedberg Bioinformatics vol 21 pp 3352 59 2005 Compatible Quantum Theory R Friedberg P C Hohenberg Rep Prog Phys 77 2014 092001 092035 What is Quantum Mechanics A Minimal Formulation R Friedberg P C Hohenberg Published by Springer Verlag 21 February 2018 by Springer Verlag in Foundations of Physics Feb 21 page 1 2018 Year 1940 Census Place New York New York New York Roll m t0627 02655 Page 1A Enumeration District 31 1314 Two Recursively Enumerable Sets Not Recursive in Each Other solution of Post s problem Proc Natl Acad Sci vol 43 p 236 1957 communicated by Kurt Godel A criterion for completeness of degrees of unsolvability Richard M Friedberg Journal of Symbolic Logic Volume 22 Issue 2 June 1957 pp 159 160 A Learning Machine Part I R M Friedberg IBM Journal of Research and Development Volume 2 Issue 1 Jan 1958 Three theorems on recursive enumeration I Decomposition II Maximal set III Enumeration without duplication Richard M Friedberg Journal of Symbolic Logic Volume 23 Issue 3 September 1958 pp 309 316 The Conceptual Development of Quantum Mechanics New York McGraw Hill 1966 2nd ed New York American Institute of Physics 1989 ISBN 0 88318 617 9 Compatible Quantum Theory R Friedberg P C Hohenberg Rep Prog Phys 77 2014 092001 092035 What is Quantum Mechanics A Minimal Formulation R Friedberg P C Hohenberg Published by Springer Verlag 21 February 2018 by Springer Verlag in Foundations of Physics Feb 21 page 1 2018 http physics gmu edu isatija R2D2 pdf bare URL PDF http physics gmu edu isatija R2D3 pdf bare URL PDF http physics gmu edu isatija R2D4 pdf bare URL PDF http physics gmu edu isatija R2D5 pdf bare URL PDF An Adventurer s Guide to Number Theory R Friedberg New York McGraw Hill 1968 reissued by Dover Publications 1994 See also editFriedberg Muchnik theorem Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Richard M Friedberg amp oldid 1185346722, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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