Richard Frank Adams (March 9, 1947 – December 17, 2012) was a Filipino-American gay rights activist.[1] After his 1975 same-sex marriage was declared invalid for the purposes of granting his husband permanent residency, Adams filed the federal lawsuit Adams v. Howerton. This was the first lawsuit in America to seek recognition of a same-sex marriage by the federal government.[2]
Adams was born in Manila in the Philippines. His family moved to the United States when he was 12, and he grew up in Long Prairie, Minnesota. He studied liberal arts at the University of Minnesota. Adams became a naturalized U.S. citizen in 1968 and lived in Los Angeles, California where he met Australian citizen Anthony Corbett "Tony" Sullivan in 1971. They were issued a marriage license along with five other gay couples by Boulder County Clerk Clela Rorex in Boulder, Colorado on April 21, 1975. They were married by Rev. Elder Freda Smith, a minister of the Metropolitan Community Church (MCC), and Rev. Robert Sirico, now a Catholic priest but then MCC clergy. The event was witnessed by Rev. Charlie Arehart, pastor of MCC of the Rockies in Denver, and Frank Zerilli, Rev. Troy Perry's long-time assistant.
In 1975, the couple applied with the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) for Sullivan to be granted permanent residency as a citizen's spouse. The petition was initially denied, with a letter stating that "[Adams and Sullivan] have failed to establish that a bona fide marital relationship can exist between two faggots."[3] A revised letter was later sent after they filed a formal protest, explaining that "[a] marriage between two males is invalid for immigration purposes and cannot be considered a bona fide marital relationship since neither party to the marriage can perform the female functions in marriage."[4]
They sued the INS in 1979, but a federal district judge upheld the INS decision. They also lost their appeals. They later filed a second suit arguing that Sullivan's deportation after the couple had been together for 8 years constituted an "extreme hardship." The U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals rejected their claims, making it possible for Sullivan to be deported. Following that loss, they traveled in Europe for a year, but they eventually returned to the U.S. and stopped doing high-profile activism to avoid attention from immigration authorities. Adams worked as an administrator for a law firm until his retirement in 2010. After retirement, Adams and Sullivan made some appearances at events supporting gay marriage. They are featured in the documentary Limited Partnership, which was released by Tesseract Films in 2014.[5]
Adams died of cancer in Los Angeles in December 2012.[2] On April 21, 2014, on their 39th wedding anniversary, Sullivan filed a motion with the Los Angeles Field Office of U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services (USCIS) to reopen and reconsider Adams' petition for a marriage-based green card.[6][7]
On January 5, 2014, the USCIS approved Adams' immigrant visa petition filed in 1975 on behalf of his husband. Sullivan received his green card on April 21, 2016.[8]
^Taxin, Amy (April 21, 2014). "Man seeks green card after American husband dies". Associated Press. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
^Margolin, Emma (April 21, 2014). "Gay widower renews call for marriage-based green card". MSNBC. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
^Masters, Troy (June 7, 2015). "United States Government says L.A. Gay Couple's 1975 Marriage is Valid". The Pride L.A. Retrieved June 8, 2016.
External linksedit
Limited Partnership website
April 12, 2024
richard, adams, activist, richard, frank, adams, march, 1947, december, 2012, filipino, american, rights, activist, after, 1975, same, marriage, declared, invalid, purposes, granting, husband, permanent, residency, adams, filed, federal, lawsuit, adams, howert. Richard Frank Adams March 9 1947 December 17 2012 was a Filipino American gay rights activist 1 After his 1975 same sex marriage was declared invalid for the purposes of granting his husband permanent residency Adams filed the federal lawsuit Adams v Howerton This was the first lawsuit in America to seek recognition of a same sex marriage by the federal government 2 Richard AdamsBornRichard Frank AdamsMarch 9 1947DiedDecember 17 2012 Contents 1 Life and career 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksLife and career editAdams was born in Manila in the Philippines His family moved to the United States when he was 12 and he grew up in Long Prairie Minnesota He studied liberal arts at the University of Minnesota Adams became a naturalized U S citizen in 1968 and lived in Los Angeles California where he met Australian citizen Anthony Corbett Tony Sullivan in 1971 They were issued a marriage license along with five other gay couples by Boulder County Clerk Clela Rorex in Boulder Colorado on April 21 1975 They were married by Rev Elder Freda Smith a minister of the Metropolitan Community Church MCC and Rev Robert Sirico now a Catholic priest but then MCC clergy The event was witnessed by Rev Charlie Arehart pastor of MCC of the Rockies in Denver and Frank Zerilli Rev Troy Perry s long time assistant In 1975 the couple applied with the Immigration and Naturalization Service INS for Sullivan to be granted permanent residency as a citizen s spouse The petition was initially denied with a letter stating that Adams and Sullivan have failed to establish that a bona fide marital relationship can exist between two faggots 3 A revised letter was later sent after they filed a formal protest explaining that a marriage between two males is invalid for immigration purposes and cannot be considered a bona fide marital relationship since neither party to the marriage can perform the female functions in marriage 4 They sued the INS in 1979 but a federal district judge upheld the INS decision They also lost their appeals They later filed a second suit arguing that Sullivan s deportation after the couple had been together for 8 years constituted an extreme hardship The U S 9th Circuit Court of Appeals rejected their claims making it possible for Sullivan to be deported Following that loss they traveled in Europe for a year but they eventually returned to the U S and stopped doing high profile activism to avoid attention from immigration authorities Adams worked as an administrator for a law firm until his retirement in 2010 After retirement Adams and Sullivan made some appearances at events supporting gay marriage They are featured in the documentary Limited Partnership which was released by Tesseract Films in 2014 5 Adams died of cancer in Los Angeles in December 2012 2 On April 21 2014 on their 39th wedding anniversary Sullivan filed a motion with the Los Angeles Field Office of U S Citizenship and Immigration Services USCIS to reopen and reconsider Adams petition for a marriage based green card 6 7 On January 5 2014 the USCIS approved Adams immigrant visa petition filed in 1975 on behalf of his husband Sullivan received his green card on April 21 2016 8 See also editLimited Partnership a 2014 documentary film about Adams and SullivanReferences edit Woo Elaine December 22 2012 Richard Adams dies at 65 gay marriage pioneer Los Angeles Times a b Fox Margalit 25 December 2012 Richard Adams Same Sex Spouse Who Sued U S Dies at 65 The New York Times Joyce Murdoch Joyce Price Deb 2001 Courting Justice Gay Men and Lesbians V the Supreme Court NY Basic Books pp 405 6 ISBN 9780465015139 Nardi Peter M February 20 1996 The endless debate on gay union Baltimore Sun Retrieved December 20 2012 Home limitedpartnershipmovie com Taxin Amy April 21 2014 Man seeks green card after American husband dies Associated Press Retrieved June 8 2016 Margolin Emma April 21 2014 Gay widower renews call for marriage based green card MSNBC Retrieved June 8 2016 Masters Troy June 7 2015 United States Government says L A Gay Couple s 1975 Marriage is Valid The Pride L A Retrieved June 8 2016 External links editLimited Partnership website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Richard Adams activist amp oldid 1140503438, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
