Ribozyviria is a realm of satellite nucleic acids.[1] Established in ICTV TaxoProp 2020.012D, the realm is named after the presence of genomic and antigenomic ribozymes of the Deltavirus type. Additional common features include a rod-like structure, a RNA-binding "delta antigen" encoded in the genome, and animal hosts.[2] Furthermore, the size range of the genomes of these viruses is between around 1547–1735nt, they encode a hammerhead ribozyme or a hepatitis delta virus ribozyme, and their coding capacity only involves one conserved protein. Most lineages of this realm are poorly understood, the notable exception being members of the genus Deltavirus, the causal agents of Hepatitis D in humans.[3]
This realm of viruses have an unclear origin. They may have derived from retrozymes (a family of retrotransposons) or one of the other groups of mobile genetic elements that descended from retrozymes (i.e. viroids and satellites).[3][4] But it was also proposed that they may have originated from viroids with capsid protein capture.[3]
The first taxa of this realm to receive acceptance by the ICTV is the species Hepatitis delta virus and its genus Deltavirus, in 1993. Deltavirus remained unassigned to any higher taxa until 2018, when the ICTV mistakenly classified Deltavirus within the then newly established realm, Riboviria. In 2019, this error was rectified and Deltavirus returned to its original position. In 2020, Hepatitis delta virus was abolished and replaced with eight new species, and the taxonomy developed to reach its current form, detailed below.[5]
Current status
Ribozyviria contains a single family, Kolmioviridae, with no intermediate taxa between realm and family. This family contains eight genera.
The names of all genera in this realm allude to the letter "D" in various languages. The family name comes from Finnishkolmio "triangle"; another reference to the Greek letter "Δ" (delta).[2]
^ abc"Virus Taxonomy: 2020 Release". International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2021. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
^ abHepojoki J, Hetzel U, Paraskevopoulou S, Drosten C, Harrach B, Zerbini M, Koonin EV, Krupovic M, Dolja V, Kuhn JH (6 December 2020). "Create one new realm (Ribozyviria) including one new family (Kolmioviridae) including genus Deltavirus and seven new genera for a total of 15 species" (docx). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). Retrieved 27 May 2021.
^ abcLee, Benjamin D.; Koonin, Eugene V. (2022-01-12). "Viroids and Viroid-like Circular RNAs: Do They Descend from Primordial Replicators?". Life. 12 (1): 103. doi:10.3390/life12010103. ISSN 2075-1729. PMC8781251. PMID 35054497.
^Netter, Hans J.; Barrios, Marilou H.; Littlejohn, Margaret; Yuen, Lilly K. W. (2021). "Hepatitis Delta Virus (HDV) and Delta-Like Agents: Insights Into Their Origin". Frontiers in Microbiology. 12: 1448. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.652962. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC8256844. PMID 34234753.
^"Taxonomy History – Taxonomy – ICTV". talk.ictvonline.org. Retrieved 2021-10-08.
^ abcdChang WS, Pettersson JH, Le Lay C, Shi M, Lo N, Wille M, Eden JS, Holmes EC (July 2019). "Novel hepatitis D-like agents in vertebrates and invertebrates". Virus Evolution. 5 (2): vez021. doi:10.1093/ve/vez021. PMC6628682. PMID 31321078.
^Hetzel U, Szirovicza L, Smura T, Prähauser B, Vapalahti O, Kipar A, Hepojoki J (April 2019). "Identification of a Novel Deltavirus in Boa Constrictors". mBio. 10 (2). doi:10.1128/mBio.00014-19. PMC6445931. PMID 30940697.
^Wille M, Netter HJ, Littlejohn M, Yuen L, Shi M, Eden JS, Klaassen M, Holmes EC, Hurt AC (December 2018). "A Divergent Hepatitis D-Like Agent in Birds". Viruses. 10 (12): 720. doi:10.3390/v10120720. PMC6315422. PMID 30562970.
^Paraskevopoulou S, Pirzer F, Goldmann N, Schmid J, Corman VM, Gottula LT, Schroeder S, Rasche A, Muth D, Drexler JF, Heni AC, Eibner GJ, Page RA, Jones TC, Müller MA, Sommer S, Glebe D, Drosten C (July 2020). "Mammalian deltavirus without hepadnavirus coinfection in the neotropical rodent Proechimys semispinosus". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 117 (30): 17977–17983. doi:10.1073/pnas.2006750117. PMC7395443. PMID 32651267.
Further reading
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ribozyviria.
Ward, C. W. (1993). "Progress towards a higher taxonomy of viruses". Research in Virology. 144 (6): 419–53. doi:10.1016/S0923-2516(06)80059-2. PMC7135741. PMID 8140287.
January 28, 2023
ribozyviria, realm, satellite, nucleic, acids, established, ictv, taxoprop, 2020, 012d, realm, named, after, presence, genomic, antigenomic, ribozymes, deltavirus, type, additional, common, features, include, like, structure, binding, delta, antigen, encoded, . Ribozyviria is a realm of satellite nucleic acids 1 Established in ICTV TaxoProp 2020 012D the realm is named after the presence of genomic and antigenomic ribozymes of the Deltavirus type Additional common features include a rod like structure a RNA binding delta antigen encoded in the genome and animal hosts 2 Furthermore the size range of the genomes of these viruses is between around 1547 1735nt they encode a hammerhead ribozyme or a hepatitis delta virus ribozyme and their coding capacity only involves one conserved protein Most lineages of this realm are poorly understood the notable exception being members of the genus Deltavirus the causal agents of Hepatitis D in humans 3 RibozyviriaDiagram of a Deltavirus virionVirus classification unranked VirusRealm RibozyviriaSubtaxa1 family8 genera15 speciesSee textThis realm of viruses have an unclear origin They may have derived from retrozymes a family of retrotransposons or one of the other groups of mobile genetic elements that descended from retrozymes i e viroids and satellites 3 4 But it was also proposed that they may have originated from viroids with capsid protein capture 3 Contents 1 Taxonomy 1 1 Historical development 1 2 Current status 2 See also 3 References 4 Further readingTaxonomy EditHistorical development Edit The first taxa of this realm to receive acceptance by the ICTV is the species Hepatitis delta virus and its genus Deltavirus in 1993 Deltavirus remained unassigned to any higher taxa until 2018 when the ICTV mistakenly classified Deltavirus within the then newly established realm Riboviria In 2019 this error was rectified and Deltavirus returned to its original position In 2020 Hepatitis delta virus was abolished and replaced with eight new species and the taxonomy developed to reach its current form detailed below 5 Current status Edit Ribozyviria contains a single family Kolmioviridae with no intermediate taxa between realm and family This family contains eight genera The names of all genera in this realm allude to the letter D in various languages The family name comes from Finnish kolmio triangle another reference to the Greek letter D delta 2 This taxonomy is shown hereafter 1 Realm Ribozyviria Family Kolmioviridae Genus Daazvirus Species Daazvirus cynopis Chinese fire belly newt virus 1 CFBNV 1 formerly amHDV host Cynops orientalis 6 Genus Dagazvirus Species Dagazvirus schedorhinotermitis rhinotermitid virus 1 RTV 1 rHDV host Schedorhinotermes intermedius 6 Genus Daletvirus Species Daletvirus boae Swiss snake colony virus 1 SwSCV 1 formerly sHDV host Boa constrictor Liasis mackloti savuensis 7 Genus Dalvirus Species Dalvirus anatis dabbling duck virus 1 DabDV 1 formerly avHDV host Anas gracilis A castanea A superciliosa 8 Genus Deevirus Species Deevirus actinopterygii ray finned fish virus 1 RFFV 1 formerly fHDV host various Actinopterygii spp 6 Genus Deltavirus 1 Species Deltavirus cameroonense human hepatitis delta virus 7 HDV 7 host Homo sapiens Species Deltavirus carense human hepatitis delta virus 6 HDV 6 host H sapiens Species Deltavirus italiense human hepatitis delta virus 1 HDV 1 host H sapiens Species Deltavirus japanense human hepatitis delta virus 2 HDV 2 host H sapiens Species Deltavirus peruense human hepatitis delta virus 3 HDV 3 host H sapiens Species Deltavirus senegalense human hepatitis delta virus 8 HDV 8 host H sapiens Species Deltavirus taiwanense human hepatitis delta virus 4 HDV 4 host H sapiens Species Deltavirus togense human hepatitis delta virus 5 HDV 5 host H sapiens Genus Dobrovirus Species Dobrovirus bufonis Chusan Island toad virus 1 CITV 1 formerly tfHDV host Bufo gargarizans 6 Genus Thurisazvirus Species Thurisazvirus myis Tome s spiny rat virus 1 TSRV 1 formerly RDev host Proechimys semispinosus 9 See also Edit Viruses portalList of higher virus taxa Retrozyme ViroidReferences Edit a b c Virus Taxonomy 2020 Release International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ICTV March 2021 Retrieved 10 May 2021 a b Hepojoki J Hetzel U Paraskevopoulou S Drosten C Harrach B Zerbini M Koonin EV Krupovic M Dolja V Kuhn JH 6 December 2020 Create one new realm Ribozyviria including one new family Kolmioviridae including genus Deltavirus and seven new genera for a total of 15 species docx International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses ICTV Retrieved 27 May 2021 a b c Lee Benjamin D Koonin Eugene V 2022 01 12 Viroids and Viroid like Circular RNAs Do They Descend from Primordial Replicators Life 12 1 103 doi 10 3390 life12010103 ISSN 2075 1729 PMC 8781251 PMID 35054497 Netter Hans J Barrios Marilou H Littlejohn Margaret Yuen Lilly K W 2021 Hepatitis Delta Virus HDV and Delta Like Agents Insights Into Their Origin Frontiers in Microbiology 12 1448 doi 10 3389 fmicb 2021 652962 ISSN 1664 302X PMC 8256844 PMID 34234753 Taxonomy History Taxonomy ICTV talk ictvonline org Retrieved 2021 10 08 a b c d Chang WS Pettersson JH Le Lay C Shi M Lo N Wille M Eden JS Holmes EC July 2019 Novel hepatitis D like agents in vertebrates and invertebrates Virus Evolution 5 2 vez021 doi 10 1093 ve vez021 PMC 6628682 PMID 31321078 Hetzel U Szirovicza L Smura T Prahauser B Vapalahti O Kipar A Hepojoki J April 2019 Identification of a Novel Deltavirus in Boa Constrictors mBio 10 2 doi 10 1128 mBio 00014 19 PMC 6445931 PMID 30940697 Wille M Netter HJ Littlejohn M Yuen L Shi M Eden JS Klaassen M Holmes EC Hurt AC December 2018 A Divergent Hepatitis D Like Agent in Birds Viruses 10 12 720 doi 10 3390 v10120720 PMC 6315422 PMID 30562970 Paraskevopoulou S Pirzer F Goldmann N Schmid J Corman VM Gottula LT Schroeder S Rasche A Muth D Drexler JF Heni AC Eibner GJ Page RA Jones TC Muller MA Sommer S Glebe D Drosten C July 2020 Mammalian deltavirus without hepadnavirus coinfection in the neotropical rodent Proechimys semispinosus Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117 30 17977 17983 doi 10 1073 pnas 2006750117 PMC 7395443 PMID 32651267 Further reading Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ribozyviria Ward C W 1993 Progress towards a higher taxonomy of viruses Research in Virology 144 6 419 53 doi 10 1016 S0923 2516 06 80059 2 PMC 7135741 PMID 8140287 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ribozyviria amp oldid 1123446147, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
