Rensch's rule is a biological rule on allometrics, concerning the relationship between the extent of sexual size dimorphism and which sex is larger. Across species within a lineage, size dimorphism increases with increasing body size when the male is the larger sex, and decreases with increasing average body size when the female is the larger sex. The rule was proposed by the evolutionary biologistBernhard Rensch in 1950.[1]
After controlling for confounding factors such as evolutionary history, an increase in average body size makes the difference in body size larger if the species has larger males, and smaller if it has larger females.[2] Some studies propose that this is due to sexual bimaturism, which causes male traits to diverge faster and develop for a longer period of time.[3] The correlation between sexual size dimorphism and body size is hypothesized to be a result of an increase in male-male competition in larger species,[4] a result of limited environmental resources, fuelling aggression between males over access to breeding territories[5] and mating partners.[2]
This rule has rarely been tested on parasites. A 2019 study showed that ectoparasitic philopterid and menoponid lice comply with it, while ricinid lice exhibit a reversed pattern.[7]
ReferencesEdit
^Rensch, B. (1950). "Die Abhängigkeit der relativen Sexualdifferenz von der Körpergrösse". Bonner Zoologische Beiträge. 1: 58–69.
^ abDale, James; Dunn, Peter O.; Figuerola, Jordi; Lislevand, Terje; Székely, Tamás; Whittingham, Linda A. (2007-12-07). "Sexual selection explains Rensch's rule of allometry for sexual size dimorphism". Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences. 274 (1628): 2971–2979. doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.1043. ISSN 0962-8452. PMC2211517. PMID 17878139.
^Blanckenhorn, Wolf; Dixon, A (2007). "Proximate Causes of Rensch's Rule: Does Sexual Size Dimorphism in Arthropods Result from Differences in Development Time?". The American Naturalist. University of Zurich. 169 (2): 245–257. doi:10.1086/510597. PMID 17211807. S2CID 19831154.
^Székely, Tamás; Freckleton, Robert P.; Reynolds, John D. (2004-08-17). "Sexual selection explains Rensch's rule of size dimorphism in shorebirds". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (33): 12224–12227. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10112224S. doi:10.1073/pnas.0404503101. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC514460. PMID 15304645.
^Lengkeek, W.; Didderen, K.; Côté, I. M.; van der Zee, E. M.; Snoek, R. C.; Reynolds, J. D. (2008-10-01). "Plasticity in sexual size dimorphism and Rensch's rule in Mediterranean blennies (Blenniidae)". Canadian Journal of Zoology. 86 (10): 1173–1178. doi:10.1139/z08-103. ISSN 0008-4301.
^Fairbairn, D.J. (1997). "Allometry for Sexual Size Dimorphism: Pattern and Process in the Coevolution of Body Size in Males and Females". Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 28 (1): 659–687. doi:10.1146/annurev.ecolsys.28.1.659.
^Piross, I.S.; Harnos, A.; Rozsa, L. (2019). "Rensch's rule in avian lice: contradictory allometric trends for sexual size dimorphism". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 7908. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.7908P. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-44370-5. PMC6536520. PMID 31133727.
October 15, 2023
rensch, rule, biological, rule, allometrics, concerning, relationship, between, extent, sexual, size, dimorphism, which, larger, across, species, within, lineage, size, dimorphism, increases, with, increasing, body, size, when, male, larger, decreases, with, i. Rensch s rule is a biological rule on allometrics concerning the relationship between the extent of sexual size dimorphism and which sex is larger Across species within a lineage size dimorphism increases with increasing body size when the male is the larger sex and decreases with increasing average body size when the female is the larger sex The rule was proposed by the evolutionary biologist Bernhard Rensch in 1950 1 After controlling for confounding factors such as evolutionary history an increase in average body size makes the difference in body size larger if the species has larger males and smaller if it has larger females 2 Some studies propose that this is due to sexual bimaturism which causes male traits to diverge faster and develop for a longer period of time 3 The correlation between sexual size dimorphism and body size is hypothesized to be a result of an increase in male male competition in larger species 4 a result of limited environmental resources fuelling aggression between males over access to breeding territories 5 and mating partners 2 Phylogenetic lineages that appear to follow this rule include primates pinnipeds and artiodactyls 6 This rule has rarely been tested on parasites A 2019 study showed that ectoparasitic philopterid and menoponid lice comply with it while ricinid lice exhibit a reversed pattern 7 References Edit Rensch B 1950 Die Abhangigkeit der relativen Sexualdifferenz von der Korpergrosse Bonner Zoologische Beitrage 1 58 69 a b Dale James Dunn Peter O Figuerola Jordi Lislevand Terje Szekely Tamas Whittingham Linda A 2007 12 07 Sexual selection explains Rensch s rule of allometry for sexual size dimorphism Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B Biological Sciences 274 1628 2971 2979 doi 10 1098 rspb 2007 1043 ISSN 0962 8452 PMC 2211517 PMID 17878139 Blanckenhorn Wolf Dixon A 2007 Proximate Causes of Rensch s Rule Does Sexual Size Dimorphism in Arthropods Result from Differences in Development Time The American Naturalist University of Zurich 169 2 245 257 doi 10 1086 510597 PMID 17211807 S2CID 19831154 Szekely Tamas Freckleton Robert P Reynolds John D 2004 08 17 Sexual selection explains Rensch s rule of size dimorphism in shorebirds Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 101 33 12224 12227 Bibcode 2004PNAS 10112224S doi 10 1073 pnas 0404503101 ISSN 0027 8424 PMC 514460 PMID 15304645 Lengkeek W Didderen K Cote I M van der Zee E M Snoek R C Reynolds J D 2008 10 01 Plasticity in sexual size dimorphism and Rensch s rule in Mediterranean blennies Blenniidae Canadian Journal of Zoology 86 10 1173 1178 doi 10 1139 z08 103 ISSN 0008 4301 Fairbairn D J 1997 Allometry for Sexual Size Dimorphism Pattern and Process in the Coevolution of Body Size in Males and Females Annu Rev Ecol Syst 28 1 659 687 doi 10 1146 annurev ecolsys 28 1 659 Piross I S Harnos A Rozsa L 2019 Rensch s rule in avian lice contradictory allometric trends for sexual size dimorphism Scientific Reports 9 1 7908 Bibcode 2019NatSR 9 7908P doi 10 1038 s41598 019 44370 5 PMC 6536520 PMID 31133727 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rensch 27s rule amp oldid 1167008922, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
