Recursive partitioning is a statistical method for multivariable analysis.[1] Recursive partitioning creates a decision tree that strives to correctly classify members of the population by splitting it into sub-populations based on several dichotomous independent variables. The process is termed recursive because each sub-population may in turn be split an indefinite number of times until the splitting process terminates after a particular stopping criterion is reached.
A recursive partitioning tree showing survival of passengers on the Titanic ("sibsp" is the number of spouses or siblings aboard). The figures under the leaves show the probability of survival and the percentage of observations in the leaf. Summarizing: Your chances of survival were good if you were (i) a female or (ii) a young boy without several family members.
Recursive partitioning methods have been developed since the 1980s. Well known methods of recursive partitioning include Ross Quinlan's ID3 algorithm and its successors, C4.5 and C5.0 and Classification and Regression Trees (CART). Ensemble learning methods such as Random Forests help to overcome a common criticism of these methods – their vulnerability to overfitting of the data – by employing different algorithms and combining their output in some way.
This article focuses on recursive partitioning for medical diagnostic tests, but the technique has far wider applications. See decision tree.
As compared to regression analysis, which creates a formula that health care providers can use to calculate the probability that a patient has a disease, recursive partition creates a rule such as 'If a patient has finding x, y, or z they probably have disease q'.
A variation is 'Cox linear recursive partitioning'.[2]
Examples are available of using recursive partitioning in research of diagnostic tests.[6][7][8][9][10][11] Goldman used recursive partitioning to prioritize sensitivity in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction among patients with chest pain in the emergency room.[11]
^Breiman, Leo (1984). Classification and Regression Trees. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC. ISBN978-0-412-04841-8.
^ abCook EF, Goldman L (1984). "Empiric comparison of multivariate analytic techniques: advantages and disadvantages of recursive partitioning analysis". Journal of Chronic Diseases. 37 (9–10): 721–31. doi:10.1016/0021-9681(84)90041-9. PMID 6501544.
^James KE, White RF, Kraemer HC (2005). "Repeated split sample validation to assess logistic regression and recursive partitioning: an application to the prediction of cognitive impairment". Statistics in Medicine. 24 (19): 3019–35. doi:10.1002/sim.2154. PMID 16149128.
^Kattan MW, Hess KR, Beck JR (1998). "Experiments to determine whether recursive partitioning (CART) or an artificial neural network overcomes theoretical limitations of Cox proportional hazards regression". Comput. Biomed. Res. 31 (5): 363–73. doi:10.1006/cbmr.1998.1488. PMID 9790741.
^Lee JW, Um SH, Lee JB, Mun J, Cho H (2006). "Scoring and staging systems using cox linear regression modeling and recursive partitioning". Methods of Information in Medicine. 45 (1): 37–43. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1634034. PMID 16482368.
^Fonarow GC, Adams KF, Abraham WT, Yancy CW, Boscardin WJ (2005). "Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure: classification and regression tree analysis". JAMA. 293 (5): 572–80. doi:10.1001/jama.293.5.572. PMID 15687312.
^Stiell IG, Wells GA, Vandemheen KL, et al. (2001). "The Canadian C-spine rule for radiography in alert and stable trauma patients". JAMA. 286 (15): 1841–8. doi:10.1001/jama.286.15.1841. PMID 11597285.
^Haydel MJ, Preston CA, Mills TJ, Luber S, Blaudeau E, DeBlieux PM (2000). "Indications for computed tomography in patients with minor head injury". N. Engl. J. Med. 343 (2): 100–5. doi:10.1056/NEJM200007133430204. PMID 10891517.
^Edworthy SM, Zatarain E, McShane DJ, Bloch DA (1988). "Analysis of the 1982 ARA lupus criteria data set by recursive partitioning methodology: new insights into the relative merit of individual criteria". J. Rheumatol. 15 (10): 1493–8. PMID 3060613.
^Stiell IG, Greenberg GH, Wells GA, et al. (1996). "Prospective validation of a decision rule for the use of radiography in acute knee injuries". JAMA. 275 (8): 611–5. doi:10.1001/jama.275.8.611. PMID 8594242.
^ abGoldman L, Weinberg M, Weisberg M, et al. (1982). "A computer-derived protocol to aid in the diagnosis of emergency room patients with acute chest pain". N. Engl. J. Med. 307 (10): 588–96. doi:10.1056/NEJM198209023071004. PMID 7110205.
April 11, 2024
recursive, partitioning, statistical, method, multivariable, analysis, creates, decision, tree, that, strives, correctly, classify, members, population, splitting, into, populations, based, several, dichotomous, independent, variables, process, termed, recursi. Recursive partitioning is a statistical method for multivariable analysis 1 Recursive partitioning creates a decision tree that strives to correctly classify members of the population by splitting it into sub populations based on several dichotomous independent variables The process is termed recursive because each sub population may in turn be split an indefinite number of times until the splitting process terminates after a particular stopping criterion is reached A recursive partitioning tree showing survival of passengers on the Titanic sibsp is the number of spouses or siblings aboard The figures under the leaves show the probability of survival and the percentage of observations in the leaf Summarizing Your chances of survival were good if you were i a female or ii a young boy without several family members Recursive partitioning methods have been developed since the 1980s Well known methods of recursive partitioning include Ross Quinlan s ID3 algorithm and its successors C4 5 and C5 0 and Classification and Regression Trees CART Ensemble learning methods such as Random Forests help to overcome a common criticism of these methods their vulnerability to overfitting of the data by employing different algorithms and combining their output in some way This article focuses on recursive partitioning for medical diagnostic tests but the technique has far wider applications See decision tree As compared to regression analysis which creates a formula that health care providers can use to calculate the probability that a patient has a disease recursive partition creates a rule such as If a patient has finding x y or z they probably have disease q A variation is Cox linear recursive partitioning 2 Contents 1 Advantages and disadvantages 2 Examples 3 See also 4 ReferencesAdvantages and disadvantages editCompared to other multivariable methods recursive partitioning has advantages and disadvantages Advantages are Generates clinically more intuitive models that do not require the user to perform calculations 3 Allows varying prioritizing of misclassifications in order to create a decision rule that has more sensitivity or specificity 2 May be more accurate 4 Disadvantages are Does not work well for continuous variables 5 May overfit data Examples editExamples are available of using recursive partitioning in research of diagnostic tests 6 7 8 9 10 11 Goldman used recursive partitioning to prioritize sensitivity in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction among patients with chest pain in the emergency room 11 See also editDecision tree learningReferences edit Breiman Leo 1984 Classification and Regression Trees Boca Raton Chapman amp Hall CRC ISBN 978 0 412 04841 8 a b Cook EF Goldman L 1984 Empiric comparison of multivariate analytic techniques advantages and disadvantages of recursive partitioning analysis Journal of Chronic Diseases 37 9 10 721 31 doi 10 1016 0021 9681 84 90041 9 PMID 6501544 James KE White RF Kraemer HC 2005 Repeated split sample validation to assess logistic regression and recursive partitioning an application to the prediction of cognitive impairment Statistics in Medicine 24 19 3019 35 doi 10 1002 sim 2154 PMID 16149128 Kattan MW Hess KR Beck JR 1998 Experiments to determine whether recursive partitioning CART or an artificial neural network overcomes theoretical limitations of Cox proportional hazards regression Comput Biomed Res 31 5 363 73 doi 10 1006 cbmr 1998 1488 PMID 9790741 Lee JW Um SH Lee JB Mun J Cho H 2006 Scoring and staging systems using cox linear regression modeling and recursive partitioning Methods of Information in Medicine 45 1 37 43 doi 10 1055 s 0038 1634034 PMID 16482368 Fonarow GC Adams KF Abraham WT Yancy CW Boscardin WJ 2005 Risk stratification for in hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure classification and regression tree analysis JAMA 293 5 572 80 doi 10 1001 jama 293 5 572 PMID 15687312 Stiell IG Wells GA Vandemheen KL et al 2001 The Canadian C spine rule for radiography in alert and stable trauma patients JAMA 286 15 1841 8 doi 10 1001 jama 286 15 1841 PMID 11597285 Haydel MJ Preston CA Mills TJ Luber S Blaudeau E DeBlieux PM 2000 Indications for computed tomography in patients with minor head injury N Engl J Med 343 2 100 5 doi 10 1056 NEJM200007133430204 PMID 10891517 Edworthy SM Zatarain E McShane DJ Bloch DA 1988 Analysis of the 1982 ARA lupus criteria data set by recursive partitioning methodology new insights into the relative merit of individual criteria J Rheumatol 15 10 1493 8 PMID 3060613 Stiell IG Greenberg GH Wells GA et al 1996 Prospective validation of a decision rule for the use of radiography in acute knee injuries JAMA 275 8 611 5 doi 10 1001 jama 275 8 611 PMID 8594242 a b Goldman L Weinberg M Weisberg M et al 1982 A computer derived protocol to aid in the diagnosis of emergency room patients with acute chest pain N Engl J Med 307 10 588 96 doi 10 1056 NEJM198209023071004 PMID 7110205 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Recursive partitioning amp oldid 1172832151, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
