RAF Downham Market
RAF Downham Market was a Royal Air Force station in the west of the county of Norfolk, England which operated during the second half of the Second World War.
| RAF Downham Market | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Downham Market, Norfolk in England | |||||||||||
RAF Downham Market Location in Norfolk | |||||||||||
| Coordinates | 52°36′33″N 000°24′26″E / 52.60917°N 0.40722°E | ||||||||||
| Type | Royal Air Force station * Satellite station 1942-44 * Parent station 1944-46[1] | ||||||||||
| Code | DO[1] | ||||||||||
| Site information | |||||||||||
| Owner | Air Ministry | ||||||||||
| Operator | Royal Air Force | ||||||||||
| Controlled by | RAF Bomber Command * No. 3 Group RAF * No. 8 (PFF) Group RAF[1] | ||||||||||
| Site history | |||||||||||
| Built | 1941/42 | ||||||||||
| Built by | W. & C. French Ltd | ||||||||||
| In use | July 1942 – October 1946 | ||||||||||
| Battles/wars | European theatre of World War II | ||||||||||
| Airfield information | |||||||||||
| Elevation | 36 metres (118 ft)[1] AMSL | ||||||||||
| |||||||||||
History
RAF Downham Market opened as a satellite station for RAF Marham in the Summer of 1942. The station was equipped with three concrete runways, one of 1,900 yards and two of 1,400 yards. Originally there were 36 hardstandings, although this dropped to 34 when an additional B1 hangar was added in the north west of the station. Six T2 hangars were built, three of which were for the storage of gliders. Accommodation was provided for 1,719 males and 326 females, with Bexwell Hall being used as the officer's mess. In October 1943 the station was equipped with the FIDO fog dispersal system.
The first operational squadron at the station was 218 Squadron, operating Short Stirling aircraft, who arrived from Marham in July 1942. In August 1943, 623 Squadron formed at Downham, also operating Stirling aircraft. This Squadron was disbanded four months later, when the station was re-equipped with Avro Lancaster aircraft. 214 Squadron operated briefly from Downham Market during December 1943 and January 1944.[2]
In March 1944 the station passed to No. 8 Group, with 218 Squadron leaving for RAF Woolfox Lodge, being replaced by 635 Squadron, also using Lancaster aircraft. 571 Squadron, equipped with de Havilland Mosquito aircraft, formed at Downham in April 1944, but had moved to RAF Oakington within a month.
608 Squadron re-formed at Downham in August, equipped with Canadian-built Mosquito aircraft as part of No. 8 Group's policy of having one Lancaster and one Mosquito squadron at each base.
No. 608 and 635 Squadron's operated from Downham to the end of the war, and both were disbanded in late summer of 1945. 170 aircraft either failed to return or crashed during the operations from RAF Downham Market; 109 Stirlings, 40 Lancasters and 21 Mosquitos, including Mosquito KB364 which crashed on Bawdeswell church.[3]
Based units
Based units:[4]
- No. 214 Squadron RAF (1943-44)
- No. 218 Squadron RAF (1942-44)
- No. 571 Squadron RAF (1944)
- No. 608 Squadron RAF (1944-45)
- No. 623 Squadron RAF (1943)
- No. 635 Squadron RAF (1944-45)
- No. 14 Heavy Glider Maintenance Section of No. 2 Heavy Glider Maintenance Unit RAF[5]
- Satellite for No. 274 Maintenance Unit RAF (October 1945)[6]
- No. 2722 Squadron RAF Regiment
Current use
After closure as an operational airfield in 1946, the airfield remained in a derelict state until it was finally sold in 1957. In approximately 1950 a large proportion of the "domestic" site was re-developed as a short term housing estate, renamed "Stone Cross Estate", which finally closed in 1963. The airfield remained almost intact until the construction of the Downham Market by-pass (A10) in the late 1970s when much of the runways / taxiways were used as hard core for the road project. Today the majority of the site has been returned to agriculture, with the technical site becoming an industrial estate. There is an unmanned radio relay station located in one corner of the former base. Adjacent to St Mary's Church, Bexwell, and opposite the former guardroom, is a small plaque to commemorate the station's existence. All the runways have now been removed. There had been a small section remaining alongside the A10 just before the A134 roundabout but that was removed during the latter half of 2016. A large metal tower, which had been a local landmark for years, was removed some years ago.
See also
References
Citations
- ^ a b c d Falconer 2012, p. 82.
- ^ Hilling, John B. (1995). Strike hard: a bomber airfield at war: RAF Downham Market and its squadrons, 1942–46 (1. publ. in the United Kingdom ed.). Stroud: Sutton. ISBN 0750909692.
- ^ The Reeve's Tale magazine website, Mosquito KB364 crashes on Bawdeswell's church, retrieved 16 January 2010
- ^ "Downham Market". Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
- ^ Sturtivant, Hamlin & Halley 1997, p. 191.
- ^ Sturtivant, Hamlin & Halley 1997, p. 216.
Bibliography
- Falconer, J. (2012). RAF Airfields of World War 2. UK: Ian Allan Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85780-349-5.
- Sturtivant, R.; Hamlin, J.; Halley, J. (1997). Royal Air Force flying training and support units. UK: Air-Britain (Historians). ISBN 0-85130-252-1.
External links
- Helzapoppin – Downham