An intercontinental missile, the R-39 had a three-stage solid-fuel boost design with a liquid-fuel post-boost unit carrying up to ten multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle warheads. Like other SLBMs the initial launch was powered by a gas generator in the bottom of the firing tube. During the missile's passage through the water additional motors produce a gaseous wall around the missile, reducing hydrodynamic resistance.[citation needed] The launch system was designated "D-19".
Development work began at NII Mashinostroyeniya in 1971 and the design gained official approval in 1973. Initial test flights from 1979 found problems in the solid-fuel boost engines, over half of the early flights failed. Later tests aboard a modified Typhoon-class submarine were more successful and deployment began in May 1983, with 20 missiles in each submarine. At full deployment, 120 missiles were deployed with 1,200 total warheads.
Under the terms of the START I and START II treaties, from 1996 a number of R-39 missiles were destroyed. Throughout the 1990s, Typhoon class submarines and the R-39 missiles they carried were gradually withdrawn from service. All the missiles were decommissioned by 2004 and all the Typhoon class submarines have been retired, except for one which is used as a test platform for the RSM-56 Bulava.
A successor design, R-39M Grom (Russian: Гром, Thunder)/RSM-52V/SS-N-28 for D-19UTTKh launch system, suffered a succession of testing failures and was cancelled.
Russian nuclear forces 2005, The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, March/April 2005.
April 11, 2024
russian, Риф, reef, nato, reporting, name, sturgeon, bilateral, arms, control, designation, submarine, launched, ballistic, missile, slbm, that, served, with, soviet, navy, from, introduction, 1983, until, 1991, after, which, served, with, russian, navy, until. The R 39 Rif Russian R 39 Rif lit reef NATO reporting name SS N 20 Sturgeon bilateral arms control designation RSM 52 was a submarine launched ballistic missile SLBM that served with the Soviet Navy from its introduction in 1983 until 1991 after which it served with the Russian Navy until 2004 The missile had GRAU indices of 3M65 3M20 and 3R65 It was carried on board Typhoon class submarines R 39 RIFR 39TypeSLBMPlace of originSoviet UnionService historyIn service1983 2004Used bySoviet NavyRussian NavyProduction historyDesignerMakeyev Rocket Design BureauManufacturerZlatoust Machine Building PlantSpecificationsMass84 tonnes 185 000 lb Length16 1 metres 53 ft 1 8 4 metres 28 ft without warhead Diameter2 4 metres 7 9 ft 1 Warhead10 MIRV thermonuclear 1 Blast yield100 200 kt each 1 EngineThree stage Solid fuel rocket 1 Operationalrange8 300 kilometres 5 200 mi 1 GuidancesystemAstro inertial guidance 2 Accuracy500 metres 1 600 ft CEP 2 Submarine based missiles R 29 R 29R R 39 R 29RM CSS NX 3 JL 2An intercontinental missile the R 39 had a three stage solid fuel boost design with a liquid fuel post boost unit carrying up to ten multiple independently targetable reentry vehicle warheads Like other SLBMs the initial launch was powered by a gas generator in the bottom of the firing tube During the missile s passage through the water additional motors produce a gaseous wall around the missile reducing hydrodynamic resistance citation needed The launch system was designated D 19 Contents 1 Development 2 Operators 2 1 Former operators 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksDevelopment editDevelopment work began at NII Mashinostroyeniya in 1971 and the design gained official approval in 1973 Initial test flights from 1979 found problems in the solid fuel boost engines over half of the early flights failed Later tests aboard a modified Typhoon class submarine were more successful and deployment began in May 1983 with 20 missiles in each submarine At full deployment 120 missiles were deployed with 1 200 total warheads Under the terms of the START I and START II treaties from 1996 a number of R 39 missiles were destroyed Throughout the 1990s Typhoon class submarines and the R 39 missiles they carried were gradually withdrawn from service All the missiles were decommissioned by 2004 and all the Typhoon class submarines have been retired except for one which is used as a test platform for the RSM 56 Bulava A successor design R 39M Grom Russian Grom Thunder RSM 52V SS N 28 for D 19UTTKh launch system suffered a succession of testing failures and was cancelled Operators editFormer operators edit nbsp RussiaRussian Navy nbsp Soviet UnionSoviet NavySee also editR 39M R 29 Vysota R 29RM Shtil R 29RMU Sineva R 29RMU2 Layner RSM 56 Bulava UGM 133 Trident II M45 missile M51 missile JL 1 JL 2 K Missile family Pukkuksong 1References edit a b c d e f SS N 20 Archived from the original on 2012 02 02 Retrieved 2012 01 31 a b c R 39 SS N 20 Sturgeon SLBM Russian Soviet Nuclear Forces Fas org 2000 07 13 Retrieved 2018 08 22 External links editRussian nuclear forces 2005 The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists March April 2005 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title R 39 Rif amp oldid 1211925047, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
