Wikipedia
Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography
The Pulitzer Prize for Biography is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. The award honors "a distinguished and appropriately documented biography by an American author."[1] Award winners received $15,000 USD.[1]
From 1917 to 2023, this prize was known as the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography and was awarded to a distinguished biography, autobiography or memoir[2] by an American author or co-authors, published during the preceding calendar year. Thus it is one of the original Pulitzers, for the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year.[3]
Recipients
In its first 97 years to 2013, the Biography Pulitzer was awarded 97 times. Two were given in 1938, and none in 1962.[4]
1910s-1940s
| Year | Author | Title | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1917 | Laura E. Richards and Maud Howe Elliott, assisted by Florence Howe Hall | Julia Ward Howe | |
| 1918 | William Cabell Bruce | Benjamin Franklin, Self-Revealed | |
| 1919 | Henry Adams | The Education of Henry Adams | |
| 1920 | Albert J. Beveridge | The Life of John Marshall, 4 vols. | |
| 1921 | Edward Bok | The Americanization of Edward Bok: The Autobiography of a Dutch Boy Fifty Years After | |
| 1922 | Hamlin Garland | A Daughter of the Middle Border | |
| 1923 | Burton J. Hendrick | The Life and Letters of Walter H. Page | |
| 1924 | Michael I. Pupin | From Immigrant to Inventor | |
| 1925 | M. A. Dewolfe Howe | Barrett Wendell and His Letters | |
| 1926 | Harvey Cushing | The Life of Sir William Osler, 2 vols. | |
| 1927 | Emory Holloway | Whitman | |
| 1928 | Charles Edward Russell | The American Orchestra and Theodore Thomas | |
| 1929 | Burton J. Hendrick | The Training of an American: The Earlier Life and Letters of Walter H. Page | |
| 1930 | Marquis James | The Raven: A Biography of Sam Houston | |
| 1931 | Henry James | Charles W. Eliot, President of Harvard University, 1869–1901 | |
| 1932 | Henry F. Pringle | Theodore Roosevelt: A Biography | |
| 1933 | Allan Nevins | Grover Cleveland: A Study in Courage | |
| 1934 | Tyler Dennett | John Hay | |
| 1935 | Douglas S. Freeman | R. E. Lee | |
| 1936 | Ralph Barton Perry | The Thought and Character of William James | |
| 1937 | Allan Nevins | Hamilton Fish | |
| 1938 | Marquis James | Andrew Jackson, 2 vols. | |
| Odell Shepard | Pedlar's Progress: The Life of Bronson Alcott | ||
| 1939 | Carl Van Doren | Benjamin Franklin | |
| 1940 | Ray Stannard Baker | Woodrow Wilson, Life and Letters. Vols. VII and VIII | |
| 1941 | Ola Elizabeth Winslow | Jonathan Edwards, 1703–1758: a biography | |
| 1942 | Forrest Wilson | Crusader in Crinoline: The Life of Harriet Beecher Stowe | |
| 1943 | Samuel Eliot Morison | Admiral of the Ocean Sea | |
| 1944 | Carleton Mabee | The American Leonardo: The Life of Samuel F. B. Morse | [5] |
| 1945 | Russel Blaine Nye | George Bancroft: Brahmin Rebel | |
| 1946 | Linnie Marsh Wolfe | Son of the Wilderness: The Life of John Muir | |
| 1947 | William Allen White | The Autobiography of William Allen White | |
| 1948 | Margaret Clapp | Forgotten First Citizen: John Bigelow | |
| 1949 | Robert E. Sherwood | Roosevelt and Hopkins |
1950s-1970s
| Year | Author | Title | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1950 | Samuel Flagg Bemis | John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy | |
| 1951 | Margaret Louise Coit | John C. Calhoun: American Portrait | |
| 1952 | Merlo J. Pusey | Charles Evans Hughes | |
| 1953 | David J. Mays | Edmund Pendleton 1721–1803 | |
| 1954 | Charles A. Lindbergh | The Spirit of St. Louis | |
| 1955 | William S. White | The Taft Story | |
| 1956 | Talbot Faulkner Hamlin | Benjamin Henry Latrobe | |
| 1957 | John F. Kennedy | Profiles in Courage | [6] |
| 1958 | Douglas Southall Freeman with John Alexander Carroll and Mary Wells Ashworth | George Washington, vols. I-VII | |
| 1959 | Arthur Walworth | Woodrow Wilson, American Prophet | |
| 1960 | Samuel Eliot Morison | John Paul Jones | |
| 1961 | David Donald | Charles Sumner and the Coming of the Civil War | |
| 1962 | No award presented[7] | ||
| 1963 | Leon Edel | Henry James | |
| 1964 | Walter Jackson Bate | John Keats | |
| 1965 | Ernest Samuels | Henry Adams, 3 vols. | |
| 1966 | Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. | A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House | [8] |
| 1967 | Justin Kaplan | Mr. Clemens and Mark Twain | [9] |
| 1968 | George F. Kennan | Memoirs | |
| 1969 | Benjamin Lawrence Reid | The Man from New York: John Quinn and His Friends | |
| 1970 | Thomas Harry Williams | Huey Long | [10] |
| 1971 | Lawrance Thompson | Robert Frost: The Years of Triumph, 1915–1938, | |
| 1972 | Joseph P. Lash | Eleanor and Franklin | |
| 1973 | W. A. Swanberg | Luce and His Empire | |
| 1974 | Louis Sheaffer | O'Neill, Son and Artist | |
| 1975 | Robert Caro | The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York | [11] |
| 1976 | R. W. B. Lewis | Edith Wharton: A Biography | |
| 1977 | John E. Mack | A Prince of Our Disorder: The Life of T. E. Lawrence | |
| 1978 | Walter Jackson Bate | Samuel Johnson | |
| 1979 | Leonard Baker | Days of Sorrow and Pain: Leo Baeck and the Berlin Jews | |
1980s
Entries from this point on include the finalists listed after the winner for each year.
| Year | Author | Title | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1980 | Edmund Morris | The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt | Winner | |
| Ernest Samuels | Bernard Berenson, The Making of a Connoisseur | Finalist | ||
| Meryle Secrest | Being Bernard Berenson | Finalist | ||
| Geoffrey Wolff | The Duke of Deception | Finalist | ||
| 1981 | Robert K. Massie | Peter the Great: His Life and World | Winner | [12][13] |
| Justin Kaplan | Walt Whitman: A Life | Finalist | ||
| Ronald Steel | Walter Lippmann and the American Century | Finalist | ||
| 1982 | William S. McFeely | Grant: A Biography | Winner | [14] |
| Gay Wilson Allen | Waldo Emerson | Finalist | ||
| David McCullough | Mornings on Horseback | Finalist | ||
| 1983 | Russell Baker | Growing Up | Winner | [15] |
| Ted Morgan | Churchill: Young Man in a Hurry, 1874–1915 | Finalist | ||
| Richard Norton Smith | Thomas E. Dewey and His Times | Finalist | ||
| 1984 | Louis R. Harlan | Booker T. Washington: The Wizard of Tuskegee, 1901–1915 | Winner | |
| Fred Kaplan | Thomas Carlyle: A Biography | Finalist | ||
| Kenneth Manning | Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just | Finalist | ||
| 1985 | Kenneth Silverman | The Life and Times of Cotton Mather | Winner | [16] |
| Howard M. Feinstein | Becoming William James | Finalist | ||
| Michael Mott | The Seven Mountains of Thomas Merton | Finalist | [17] | |
| 1986 | Elizabeth Frank | Louise Bogan: A Portrait | Winner | |
| John Hope Franklin | George Washington Williams: A Biography | Finalist | ||
| Frida Scheps Weinstein | A Hidden Childhood: A Jewish Girl's Sanctuary in a French Convent, 1942–1945 | Finalist | ||
| 1987 | David J. Garrow | Bearing the Cross: Martin Luther King Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference | Winner | |
| Joseph Frank | Dostoevsky: The Stir of Liberation, 1860–1865 | Finalist | ||
| Leonard L. Richards | The Life and Times of Congressman John Quincy Adams | Finalist | ||
| A.M. Sperber | Murrow: His Life and Times | Finalist | ||
| 1988 | David Herbert Donald | Look Homeward: A Life of Thomas Wolfe | Winner | |
| Kenneth S. Lynn | Hemingway | Finalist | ||
| John Owen McCormick | George Santayana: A Biography | Finalist | ||
| 1989 | Richard Ellmann | Oscar Wilde | Winner | |
| Peter Gay | Freud: A Life for Our Time | Finalist | ||
| Arnold Rampersad | The Life of Langston Hughes: Volume II, 1941–1967: I Dream a World | Finalist | [18] | |
| Neil Sheehan | A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam | Finalist |
1990s
| Year | Author(s) | Title | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | Sebastian de Grazia | Machiavelli in Hell | Winner | |
| Jill Ker Conway | The Road from Coorain | Finalist | ||
| Reynolds Price | Clear Pictures: First Loves, First Guides | Finalist | ||
| Geoffrey C. Ward | A First-Class Temperament: The Emergence of Franklin Roosevelt | Finalist | ||
| 1991 | Steven Naifeh and Gregory White Smith | Jackson Pollock: An American Saga | Winner | [19] |
| Patricia O'Toole | The Five of Hearts: An Intimate Portrait of Henry Adams and His Friends 1880–1918 | Finalist | ||
| Joseph Frazier Wall | Alfred I. Du Pont: The Man and His Family | Finalist | ||
| 1992 | Lewis B. Puller | Fortunate Son: The Autobiography of Lewis B. Puller Jr. | Winner | |
| William S. McFeely | Frederick Douglass | Finalist | ||
| Michael Shelden | Orwell: The Authorized Biography | Finalist | ||
| 1993 | David McCullough | Truman | Winner | [20] |
| James Gleick | Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman | Finalist | ||
| Walter Isaacson | Kissinger: A Biography | Finalist | ||
| 1994 | David Levering Lewis | W. E. B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868–1919 | Winner | [21] |
| Deborah Baker | In Extremis: The Life of Laura Riding | Finalist | ||
| Edmund White | Genet: A Biography | Finalist | ||
| 1995 | Joan D. Hedrick | Harriet Beecher Stowe: A Life | Winner | |
| Roger K. Newman | Hugo Black: A Biography | Finalist | ||
| Stacy Schiff | Saint-Exupery: A Biography | Finalist | [22] | |
| 1996 | Jack Miles | God: A Biography | Winner | |
| John Loughery | John Sloan: Painter and Rebel | Finalist | ||
| Maynard Solomon | Mozart: A Life | Finalist | [23] | |
| 1997 | Frank McCourt | Angela's Ashes: A Memoir | Winner | |
| Kim Barnes | In the Wilderness: Coming of Age in Unknown Country | Finalist | ||
| Hershel Parker | Herman Melville: A Biography, Volume 1, 1819–1851 | Finalist | ||
| 1998 | Katharine Graham | Personal History | Winner | [24][25] |
| James H. Jones | Alfred C. Kinsey: A Public-Private Life | Finalist | ||
| Sam Tanenhaus | Whittaker Chambers: A Biography | Finalist | ||
| 1999 | A. Scott Berg | Lindbergh | Winner | [26][27] |
| Francine du Plessix Gray | At Home with the Marquis de Sade: A Life | Finalist | ||
| Sylvia Nasar | A Beautiful Mind | Finalist |
2000s
| Year | Author(s) | Title | Result | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000 | Stacy Schiff | Vera, Mrs. Vladimir Nabokov | Winner | [22] |
| Bobbie Ann Mason | Clear Springs: A Memoir | Finalist | ||
| Dava Sobel | Galileo's Daughter: A Historical Memoir of Science, Faith, and Love | Finalist | ||
| 2001 | David Levering Lewis | W. E. B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century 1919-1963 | Winner | [28] |
| H.W. Brands | The First American: The Life and Times of Benjamin Franklin | Finalist | ||
| Christoph Wolff | Johann Sebastian Bach: The Learned Musician | Finalist | ||
| 2002 | David McCullough | John Adams. | Winner | [20] |
| Jimmy Carter | An Hour Before Daylight: Memories of a Rural Boyhood | Finalist | ||
| Jean Edward Smith | Grant | Finalist | [29] | |
| 2003 | Robert Caro | Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson | Winner | |
| Nicholas Dawidoff | The Fly Swatter | Finalist | ||
| Lewis Lockwood | Beethoven: The Music and the Life | Finalist | ||
| 2004 | William Taubman | Khrushchev: The Man and His Era | Winner | |
| James Gleick | Isaac Newton | Finalist | ||
| Hayden Herrera | Arshile Gorky: His Life and Work | Finalist | ||
| 2005 | Mark Stevens and Annalyn Swan | de Kooning: An American Master | Winner | |
| Stephen Greenblatt | Will in the World: How Shakespeare Became Shakespeare | Finalist | ||
| William Souder | Under a Wild Sky: John James Audubon and the Making of The Birds of America | Finalist | ||
| 2006 | Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin | American Prometheus: The Triumph and Tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer | Winner | |
| Joan Didion | The Year of Magical Thinking | Finalist | ||
| Megan Marshall | The Peabody Sisters: Three Women Who Ignited American Romanticism | Finalist | [30] | |
| 2007 | Debby Applegate | The Most Famous Man in America: The Biography of Henry Ward Beecher | Winner | |
| Arthur H. Cash | John Wilkes: The Scandalous Father of Civil Liberty | Finalist | [31] | |
| David Nasaw | Andrew Carnegie | Finalist | ||
| 2008 | John Matteson | Eden's Outcasts: The Story of Louisa May Alcott and Her Father | Winner | |
| Martin Duberman | The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein | Finalist | ||
| Zachary Leader | The Life of Kingsley Amis | Finalist | ||
| 2009 | Jon Meacham | American Lion: Andrew Jackson in the White House | Winner | [32][33] |
| H.W. Brands | Traitor to His Class: The Privileged Life and Radical Presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt | Finalist | ||
| Steve Coll | The Bin Ladens: An Arabian Family in the American Century | Finalist |
2010s
| Year | Author(s) | Title | Result | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2010 | T.J. Stiles | The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt | Winner | [34] |
| Blake Bailey | Cheever: A Life | Finalist | ||
| John Milton Cooper, Jr. | Woodrow Wilson: A Biography | Finalist | ||
| 2011 | Ron Chernow | Washington: A Life | Winner | [35][36] |
| Alan Brinkley | The Publisher: Henry Luce and His American Century | Finalist | ||
| Michael O'Brien | Mrs. Adams in Winter: A Journey in the Last Days of Napoleon | Finalist | ||
| 2012 | John Lewis Gaddis | George F. Kennan: An American Life | Winner | [37][38] |
| Mary Gabriel | Love and Capital: Karl and Jenny Marx and the Birth of a Revolution | Finalist | [38] | |
| Manning Marable | Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention | Finalist | [38] | |
| 2013 | Tom Reiss | The Black Count: Glory, Revolution, Betrayal, and the Real Count of Monte Cristo | Winner | [39] |
| Michael Gorra | Portrait of a Novel: Henry James and the Making of an American Masterpiece | Finalist | [39] | |
| David Nasaw | The Patriarch: The Remarkable Life and Turbulent Times of Joseph P. Kennedy | Finalist | [39] | |
| 2014 | Megan Marshall | Margaret Fuller: A New American Life | Winner | [40][41] |
| Leo Damrosch | Jonathan Swift: His Life and His World | Finalist | ||
| Jonathan Sperber | Karl Marx: A Nineteenth-Century Life | Finalist | ||
| 2015 | David I. Kertzer | The Pope and Mussolini: The Secret History of Pius XI and the Rise of Fascism in Europe | Winner | [42][43] |
| Thomas Brothers | Louis Armstrong: Master of Modernism | Finalist | ||
| Stephen Kotkin | Stalin: Volume I: Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928 | Finalist | ||
| 2016 | William Finnegan | Barbarian Days: A Surfing Life | Winner | [44][45] |
| Elizabeth Alexander | The Light of the World: A Memoir | Finalist | ||
| T.J. Stiles | Custer's Trials: A Life on the Frontier of a New America | Finalist | ||
| 2017 | Hisham Matar | The Return: Fathers, Sons and the Land in Between | Winner | [46][47] |
| Susan Faludi | In the Darkroom | Finalist | ||
| Paul Kalanithi | When Breath Becomes Air | Finalist | ||
| 2018 | Caroline Fraser | Prairie Fires: The American Dreams of Laura Ingalls Wilder | Winner | [48][49] |
| John A. Farrell | Richard Nixon: The Life | Finalist | [48] | |
| Kay Redfield Jamison | Robert Lowell, Setting the River on Fire: A Study of Genius, Mania, and Character | Finalist | [48] | |
| 2019 | Jeffrey C. Stewart | The New Negro: The Life of Alain Locke | Winner | [50][51] |
| Max Boot | The Road Not Taken: Edward Lansdale and the American Tragedy in Vietnam | Finalist | [50] | |
| Caroline Weber | Proust's Duchess: How Three Celebrated Women Captured the Imagination of Fin-de-Siècle Paris | Finalist | [50] |
2020s
Repeat winners
Ten people have won the Pulitzer for Biography or Autobiography twice:
- Burton J. Hendrick, 1923, 1929
- Allan Nevins, 1933, 1937
- Marquis James, 1930, 1938
- Douglas S. Freeman, 1935, 1958
- Samuel Eliot Morison, 1943, 1960
- Walter Jackson Bate, 1964, 1978
- David Herbert Donald, 1961, 1988
- David Levering Lewis, 1994, 2001
- David McCullough, 1993, 2002
- Robert Caro, 1975, 2003
W. A. Swanberg was selected by the Pulitzer board in 1962 and 1973; however, the trustees of Columbia University (then responsible for conferral of the awards) overturned the proposed 1962 prize for Citizen Hearst.[7]
See also
References
- ^ a b "Biography". Pullitzer Prize. from the original on June 28, 2019. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Biography: Prize Winners by Category". Pullitzer Prize. from the original on June 28, 2019. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
- ^ "1917". Pullitzer Prize. from the original on December 24, 2015. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Biography or Autobiography". The Pulitzer Prizes (pulitzer.org). from the original on May 25, 2015. Retrieved October 1, 2008.
- ^ "Obituary Note: Carleton Mabee". Shelf Awareness. January 13, 2015. from the original on February 6, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Rediscover: Profiles in Courage". Shelf Awareness. June 2, 2017. from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b In 1962 the Pulitzer board awarded the prize to W.A. Swanberg for Citizen Hearst. The trustees of Columbia University, who administer the prize, overturned the award, refusing to honor a book that took a critical look at William Randolph Hearst. McDowell, Edwin (May 11, 1984). "Publishing: Pulitzer Controversies". The New York Times. from the original on April 23, 2009. Retrieved January 12, 2020.
- ^ "Notes: Schlesinger Dies; New Bookstore Collective". Shelf Awareness. March 1, 2007. from the original on August 20, 2016. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Obituary Notes: Justin Kaplan; Sherwin B. Nuland". Shelf Awareness. March 5, 2014. from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
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- ^ "Rediscover: The Power Broker". Shelf Awareness. August 8, 2017. from the original on February 6, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
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- ^ "Obituary Note: William McFeely". Shelf Awareness. December 20, 2019. from the original on May 22, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Obituary Note: Russell Baker". Shelf Awareness. January 24, 2019. from the original on April 30, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
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- ^ "Rediscover: Personal History". Shelf Awareness. January 19, 2018. from the original on August 8, 2020. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "PW: Roth, Kakutani Awarded Pulitzers". Publishers Weekly. April 20, 1998. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Rediscover: Lindbergh". Shelf Awareness. September 25, 2018. from the original on January 27, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ Zeitchik, Steven M. (April 19, 1999). "FSG Leads Pulitzer Winners". Publishers Weekly. from the original on January 27, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Chabon, Ellis Win Pulitzers". Publishers Weekly. April 23, 2001. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Obituary Note: Jean Edward Smith". Shelf Awareness. September 26, 2019. from the original on December 24, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Awards: BIO Winner". Shelf Awareness. February 15, 2022. from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
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- ^ "The 2009 Pulitzer Prizes for Letters and Drama". Publishers Weekly. April 20, 2009. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Awards: The Pulitzers". Shelf Awareness. April 13, 2010. from the original on August 20, 2016. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Rediscover: Alexander Hamilton". Shelf Awareness. June 3, 2016. from the original on February 7, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
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- ^ "Awards: Pulitzer Winners; Orange Prize Shortlist". Shelf Awareness. April 17, 2012. from the original on October 28, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b c Habash, Gabe (April 16, 2012). "2012 Pulitzer Prize: No Fiction Award, Jurors 'Shocked'". Publishers Weekly. from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b c Habash, Gabe (April 15, 2013). "2013 Pulitzer Prize: 'Orphan Master' Brings Fiction Prize Back". Publishers Weekly. from the original on January 26, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Awards: Pulitzer Winners; Thwaites Wainwright Nature & Travel Writing". Shelf Awareness. April 15, 2014. from the original on March 10, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
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- ^ "Media Heat: Pulitzer-Winner David I. Kertzer on Fresh Air". Shelf Awareness. April 24, 2015. from the original on July 19, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Doerr, Kolbert Among 2015 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Shelf Awareness . April 21, 2015. from the original on January 28, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Debut Novel Among 2016 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Shelf Awareness. April 19, 2016. from the original on March 2, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Awards: William Hill Sports Book". Shelf Awareness. November 29, 2016. from the original on March 12, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "The Underground Railroad Among Pulitzer Winners". Shelf Awareness. April 11, 2017. from the original on January 19, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ Maher, John (April 10, 2017). "Whitehead, Thompson Among 2017 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Publishers Weekly. from the original on August 8, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b c "2018 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Pulitzer Prize. from the original on September 11, 2019. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ^ "Andrew Sean Greer, James Forman Jr. Among Pulitzer Winners". Shelf Awareness. April 17, 2018. from the original on July 1, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b c "2019 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Pulitzer Prize. from the original on July 26, 2019. Retrieved April 16, 2019.
- ^ "Richard Powers, David W. Blight Among Pulitzer Winners". Shelf Awareness. April 16, 2019. from the original on January 26, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b c "2020 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Pulitzer Prize. from the original on July 30, 2020. Retrieved May 5, 2020.
- ^ "The Nickel Boys Among Pulitzer Winners". Shelf Awareness. May 5, 2020. from the original on January 30, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ Maher, John (May 4, 2020). "Moser, Whitehead, McDaniel, Grandin, Boyer, Brown Win 2020 Pulitzers". Publishers Weekly. from the original on November 30, 2021. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b c "2021 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Pulitzer Prize. from the original on July 11, 2022. Retrieved June 11, 2021.
- ^ "2021 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Shelf Awareness. June 14, 2021. from the original on January 23, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "Pulitzer Prize: 2021 Winners List". The New York Times. June 11, 2021. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved May 11, 2023.
- ^ a b c "2022 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Pulitzer Prize. from the original on August 2, 2022. Retrieved May 12, 2022.
- ^ Maher, John (May 9, 2022). "'The Netanyahus,' 'frank: sonnets' Among 2022 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Publishers Weekly. from the original on November 29, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "2022 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Shelf Awareness. May 10, 2022. from the original on July 5, 2022. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ a b c Stewart, Sophia (May 8, 2023). "'Demon Copperhead,' 'Trust,' 'His Name Is George Floyd' Among 2023 Pulitzer Prize Winners". Publishers Weekly. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
- ^ "2023 Pulitzer Prize Winners Include Kingsolver's Demon Copperhead, Diaz's Trust". Shelf Awareness. May 9, 2023. Retrieved May 10, 2023.
External links
- Media related to Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography winners at Wikimedia Commons