This article is about the daughter of Crotopus. For the Nereid, see Psamathe (Nereid). For other uses, see Psamathe.
Psamathe (Ancient Greek: Ψαμάθη, from ψάμαθος "sand of the sea-shore"[1]), sometimes given only as the daughter of Crotopus, was the daughter of King Crotopus of Argos, who became the lover of the god Apollo.
Psamathe was theorized to be a sea-nymph (nereid) by Karl Bernhard Stark [de] (1863) and a personification of the "sand of the sea-shore" (Greek: ψάμαθοςpsamathos), from which she derived her name.[2]
Mythologyedit
Psamathe was pursued and assaulted by King Aeacus of Agina. They had a child named Phocus ("Seal") or Linus. In one version (Conon), Psamathe abandoned the child, and although shepherds reared the foundling who was then named Linus, the child was torn apart by the shepherd's dogs. In the interim, Psamathe was ordered to be killed by her father. Apollo avenged her murder by sending a plague to Argos. When consulted, Apollo demanded that Psamathe and Linus be propitiated with due honors and festivities. The Argives complied but the plague persisted. And by oracular decree, the king was forced to leave in order to found the city of Tripodiscium near Megara, where he would live out his life.[3]
In an alternate version (Pausanias), Psamathe exposed the unnamed child, which was torn apart by the king's sheepdogs. Apollo then sent Poena (Greek: Poinē), the personification of punishment, upon the city. Poine would steal children from their mothers until Coroebus killed her. A hero Coroebus emerged from Argos to slay it, but Apollo then brought a plague upon the city.[4]
A version by Statius tells this story, but does not name Psamathe, whom he only records as Crotopos's daughter.[5] Psamathe is sometimes said to be the daughter of Nereus and Doris.
Monsteredit
The monster is called also Poine, the personification of punishment, in Pausanias's version of the tale.[4] It is a female monster with a snake protruding from her forehead in Statius's version, possibly having snake-feet (anguipedal form) as well.[6]
The monster is also called a Kēr (Greek: Κήρ "death-demon") in one poem,[8] and a late source (9th to 11th century) labels her as one of the Lamiai.[9] It is also supposed to have a human head upon a serpent's body, according to a scholiast to Ovid.[10] The poem indicates that the ker was entombed in the city of the tripod (Tripodiscium) to stand as a monument to commemorate Psamathe, and that its slayer Coroebus is interred right underneath the monster.[8]
Coroebus, the Argiveedit
Coroebus of Argos slew Poine, in Pausanias's version. Thereupon Apollo struck the city with a plague. Coroebus decided to go to Delphi to ask for punishment to befall only him, so that the city didn't have to suffer. The Pythia told him to never return home, but to take up a tripod and carry it until he would drop it, then settle on the spot where it would happen. The tripod slipped out of his hands as he had reached the Geraneian Mountains, where he founded a town known as Tripodiskoi ("Little Tripods"). The tomb of Coroebus was shown in Megara.[4]
The hero named Coroebus does not appear in the version according to Conon.[11]
Frazer, J. G. (tr.), ed. (1898). Pausanias's Description of Greece. Vol. II. London: Macmillan.
Ogden, Daniel (2013a). Drakon: Dragon Myth and Serpent Cult in the Greek and Roman Worlds. Oxford University Press. ISBN978-0199557325.
Ogden, Daniel (2013b). "10 Lamia, Slain by Eurybatus and Others". Dragons, Serpents, and Slayers in the Classical and Early Christian Worlds: A Sourcebook. Oxford University Press. pp. 99–. ISBN978-0199323746.
Pache, Corinne Ondine, ed. (2004). "Linos and Demophone". Baby and Child Heroes in Ancient Greece. University of Illinois Press. pp. 66–77. ISBN9780252029295. ISBN9780252029295
Stark, Karl Bernhard (1863). Niobe und die Niobiden in ihrer literarischen, künstlerischen und mythologischen Bedeutung. Niobe und die Niobiden. W. Engelmann. hdl:2027/hvd.32044018785782.
January 01, 1970
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This article is about the daughter of Crotopus For the Nereid see Psamathe Nereid For other uses see Psamathe Psamathe Ancient Greek PSama8h from psama8os sand of the sea shore 1 sometimes given only as the daughter of Crotopus was the daughter of King Crotopus of Argos who became the lover of the god Apollo Contents 1 Etymology 2 Mythology 2 1 Monster 2 2 Coroebus the Argive 3 ReferencesEtymology editPsamathe was theorized to be a sea nymph nereid by Karl Bernhard Stark de 1863 and a personification of the sand of the sea shore Greek psama8os psamathos from which she derived her name 2 Mythology editPsamathe was pursued and assaulted by King Aeacus of Agina They had a child named Phocus Seal or Linus In one version Conon Psamathe abandoned the child and although shepherds reared the foundling who was then named Linus the child was torn apart by the shepherd s dogs In the interim Psamathe was ordered to be killed by her father Apollo avenged her murder by sending a plague to Argos When consulted Apollo demanded that Psamathe and Linus be propitiated with due honors and festivities The Argives complied but the plague persisted And by oracular decree the king was forced to leave in order to found the city of Tripodiscium near Megara where he would live out his life 3 In an alternate version Pausanias Psamathe exposed the unnamed child which was torn apart by the king s sheepdogs Apollo then sent Poena Greek Poine the personification of punishment upon the city Poine would steal children from their mothers until Coroebus killed her A hero Coroebus emerged from Argos to slay it but Apollo then brought a plague upon the city 4 A version by Statius tells this story but does not name Psamathe whom he only records as Crotopos s daughter 5 Psamathe is sometimes said to be the daughter of Nereus and Doris Monster edit The monster is called also Poine the personification of punishment in Pausanias s version of the tale 4 It is a female monster with a snake protruding from her forehead in Statius s version possibly having snake feet anguipedal form as well 6 The monster is also called a Ker Greek Khr death demon in one poem 8 and a late source 9th to 11th century labels her as one of the Lamiai 9 It is also supposed to have a human head upon a serpent s body according to a scholiast to Ovid 10 The poem indicates that the ker was entombed in the city of the tripod Tripodiscium to stand as a monument to commemorate Psamathe and that its slayer Coroebus is interred right underneath the monster 8 Coroebus the Argive edit Coroebus of Argos slew Poine in Pausanias s version Thereupon Apollo struck the city with a plague Coroebus decided to go to Delphi to ask for punishment to befall only him so that the city didn t have to suffer The Pythia told him to never return home but to take up a tripod and carry it until he would drop it then settle on the spot where it would happen The tripod slipped out of his hands as he had reached the Geraneian Mountains where he founded a town known as Tripodiskoi Little Tripods The tomb of Coroebus was shown in Megara 4 The hero named Coroebus does not appear in the version according to Conon 11 References editCitations Robert Graves 1960 The Greek Myths Frazer 1898 p 536 citing Stark 1863 pp 347ff Conon Narrationes 19 paraphrased in Frazer 1898 p 536 a b c Pausanias translated by Jones W H S Ormerod H A Description of Greece Vol 1 Chap 43 para 7 8 Ogden 2013b p 103 Ogden 2013b pp 100 101 Ogden 2013a pp 87 88 note 1014 a b Greek Anthology 7 154 quoted and translated by Pache 2004 pp 72 73 Also cited as Palatine Anthology 7 154 7 First Vatican Mythographer c 9th to 11th century cited by Ogden 2013a p 87 Fontenrose 1959 p 104 Frazer 1898 p 536 Bibliography Fontenrose Joseph Eddy 1959 Python A Study of Delphic Myth and Its Origins University of California Press ISBN 9780520040915 Frazer J G tr ed 1898 Pausanias s Description of Greece Vol II London Macmillan Ogden Daniel 2013a Drakon Dragon Myth and Serpent Cult in the Greek and Roman Worlds Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0199557325 Ogden Daniel 2013b 10 Lamia Slain by Eurybatus and Others Dragons Serpents and Slayers in the Classical and Early Christian Worlds A Sourcebook Oxford University Press pp 99 ISBN 978 0199323746 Pache Corinne Ondine ed 2004 Linos and Demophone Baby and Child Heroes in Ancient Greece University of Illinois Press pp 66 77 ISBN 9780252029295 ISBN 9780252029295 Stark Karl Bernhard 1863 Niobe und die Niobiden in ihrer literarischen kunstlerischen und mythologischen Bedeutung Niobe und die Niobiden W Engelmann hdl 2027 hvd 32044018785782 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Psamathe daughter of Crotopus amp oldid 1181629258, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
