The project method is a medium of instruction which was introduced during the 18th century into the schools of architecture and engineering in Europe when graduating students had to apply the skills and knowledge they had learned in the course of their studies to problems they had to solve as practicians of their trade, for example, designing a monument, building a steam engine.[1] In the early 20th Century, William Heard Kilpatrick[2] expanded the project method into a philosophy of education. His device is child-centered and based in progressive education. Both approaches are used by teachers worldwide to this day.[3] Unlike traditional education, proponents of the project method attempt to allow the student to solve problems with as little teacher direction as possible. The teacher is seen more as a facilitator than a deliver of knowledge and information.
Students in a project method environment should be allowed to explore and experience their environment through their senses and, in a sense, direct their own learning by their individual interests. Very little is taught from textbooks and the emphasis is on experiential learning, rather than rote and memorization. A project method classroom focuses on democracy and collaboration to solve "purposeful" problems.
Kilpatrick devised four classes of projects for his method: construction (such as writing a play), enjoyment (such as experiencing a concert), problem (for instance, discussing a complex social problem like poverty), and specific learning (learning of skills such as swimming).
Literatureedit
Knoll, Michael (1996): Faking a dissertation: Ellsworth Collings, William H. Kilpatrick and the "project curriculum". Journal of Curriculum Studies 28, no. 2, pp. 193–222.
Knoll, Michael (1997): The Project Method: Its Vocational Education Origin and International Development. Journal of Industrial Teacher Education 34, 59-80.
Knoll, Michael (2010): "A Marriage on the Rocks": An Unknown Letter by William H. Kilpatrick About His Project Method. Eric-online document 511129.
Knoll, Michael (2012): “I Had Made a Mistake”: William H. Kilpatrick and the Project Method. Teachers College Record 114, issue 2, 45 pages.
Knoll, Michael (2014) Project Method. In D. C. Phillips (ed) Encyclopedia of Educational Theory and Philosophy, Vol. 2 (London: Sage), 665-669.
Referencesedit
^Knoll, Michael (1997): The Project Method: Its Vocational Education Origin and International Development. Journal of Industrial Teacher Education 34, 59-80.
^Kilpatrick, William Heard (1918). The Project Method. Teachers College Record. the project method.
^Gutek, Gerald L. (2009). New Perspectives on Philosophy and Education. Pearson Education, Inc. ISBN978-0-205-59433-7.
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project, method, project, method, medium, instruction, which, introduced, during, 18th, century, into, schools, architecture, engineering, europe, when, graduating, students, apply, skills, knowledge, they, learned, course, their, studies, problems, they, solv. The project method is a medium of instruction which was introduced during the 18th century into the schools of architecture and engineering in Europe when graduating students had to apply the skills and knowledge they had learned in the course of their studies to problems they had to solve as practicians of their trade for example designing a monument building a steam engine 1 In the early 20th Century William Heard Kilpatrick 2 expanded the project method into a philosophy of education His device is child centered and based in progressive education Both approaches are used by teachers worldwide to this day 3 Unlike traditional education proponents of the project method attempt to allow the student to solve problems with as little teacher direction as possible The teacher is seen more as a facilitator than a deliver of knowledge and information Students in a project method environment should be allowed to explore and experience their environment through their senses and in a sense direct their own learning by their individual interests Very little is taught from textbooks and the emphasis is on experiential learning rather than rote and memorization A project method classroom focuses on democracy and collaboration to solve purposeful problems Kilpatrick devised four classes of projects for his method construction such as writing a play enjoyment such as experiencing a concert problem for instance discussing a complex social problem like poverty and specific learning learning of skills such as swimming Literature editKnoll Michael 1996 Faking a dissertation Ellsworth Collings William H Kilpatrick and the project curriculum Journal of Curriculum Studies 28 no 2 pp 193 222 Knoll Michael 1997 The Project Method Its Vocational Education Origin and International Development Journal of Industrial Teacher Education 34 59 80 Knoll Michael 2010 A Marriage on the Rocks An Unknown Letter by William H Kilpatrick About His Project Method Eric online document 511129 Knoll Michael 2012 I Had Made a Mistake William H Kilpatrick and the Project Method Teachers College Record 114 issue 2 45 pages Knoll Michael 2014 Project Method In D C Phillips ed Encyclopedia of Educational Theory and Philosophy Vol 2 London Sage 665 669 References edit Knoll Michael 1997 The Project Method Its Vocational Education Origin and International Development Journal of Industrial Teacher Education 34 59 80 Kilpatrick William Heard 1918 The Project Method Teachers College Record the project method Gutek Gerald L 2009 New Perspectives on Philosophy and Education Pearson Education Inc ISBN 978 0 205 59433 7 nbsp This article about philosophy of education is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Project method amp oldid 1168901979, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
