Population equivalent(PE) or unit per capita loading, or equivalent person (EP), is a parameter for characterizing industrial wastewaters. It essentially compares the polluting potential of an industry (in terms of biodegradable organic matter) with a population (or certain number of people), which would produce the same polluting load.[1]: 65 In other words, it is the number expressing the ratio of the sum of the pollution load produced during 24 hours by industrial facilities and services to the individual pollution load in household sewage produced by one person in the same time. This refers to the amount of oxygen-demanding substances in wastewater which will consume oxygen as it bio-degrades, usually as a result of bacterial activity.[2]
A value frequently used in the international literature for PE, which was based on a German publication, is 54 gram of BOD (Biochemical oxygen demand) per person (or per capita or per inhabitant) per day.[1]: 65 [2] This has been adopted by many countries for design purposes but other values are also in use. For example, a commonly used definition used in Europe is: 1 PE equates to 60 gram of BOD per person per day, and it also equals 200 liters of sewage per day.[3][4][5] In the United States, a figure of 80 grams BOD per day is normally used.[6]: 171
If the base value is taken as 60 grams of BOD per person per day, then the equation to calculate PE from an industrial wastewater is:
Population equivalents for industrial wastewatersedit
BOD population equivalents of wastewater from some industries[1]: 70
^ abcVon Sperling, M. (2015). "Wastewater Characteristics, Treatment and Disposal". Water Intelligence Online. 6: 9781780402086. doi:10.2166/9781780402086. ISSN 1476-1777.
^ ab"Population Equivalent". Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. 20 November 2001. from the original on 7 November 2013.
^Henze, M.; van Loosdrecht, M. C. M.; Ekama, G.A.; Brdjanovic, D. (2008). Biological Wastewater Treatment: Principles, Modelling and Design. IWA Publishing. doi:10.2166/9781780401867. ISBN978-1-78040-186-7.
^"Glossary of terms related to Urban Waste Water". European Commission. 7 August 2019. from the original on 8 June 2019.
^Rowe, Donald R.; Abdel-Magid, Isam Mohammed (1995). Handbook of Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse. CRC Press. ISBN978-0-87371-671-0.
April 04, 2024
population, equivalent, unit, capita, loading, equivalent, person, parameter, characterizing, industrial, wastewaters, essentially, compares, polluting, potential, industry, terms, biodegradable, organic, matter, with, population, certain, number, people, whic. Population equivalent PE or unit per capita loading or equivalent person EP is a parameter for characterizing industrial wastewaters It essentially compares the polluting potential of an industry in terms of biodegradable organic matter with a population or certain number of people which would produce the same polluting load 1 65 In other words it is the number expressing the ratio of the sum of the pollution load produced during 24 hours by industrial facilities and services to the individual pollution load in household sewage produced by one person in the same time This refers to the amount of oxygen demanding substances in wastewater which will consume oxygen as it bio degrades usually as a result of bacterial activity 2 Contents 1 Equation and base value 2 Population equivalents for industrial wastewaters 3 See also 4 ReferencesEquation and base value editA value frequently used in the international literature for PE which was based on a German publication is 54 gram of BOD Biochemical oxygen demand per person or per capita or per inhabitant per day 1 65 2 This has been adopted by many countries for design purposes but other values are also in use For example a commonly used definition used in Europe is 1 PE equates to 60 gram of BOD per person per day and it also equals 200 liters of sewage per day 3 4 5 In the United States a figure of 80 grams BOD per day is normally used 6 171 If the base value is taken as 60 grams of BOD per person per day then the equation to calculate PE from an industrial wastewater is PE BOD load from industry kgday 0 060 kginhab day displaystyle PE dfrac BOD load from industry left dfrac kg day right 0 060 left dfrac kg inhab cdot day right nbsp dd Population equivalents for industrial wastewaters editBOD population equivalents of wastewater from some industries 1 70 Type Activity Unit of production BOD PE inhab unit d Food Canning fruit vegetables 1 ton processed 500Pea processing 1 ton processed 85 400Tomato 1 ton processed 50 185Carrot 1 ton processed 160 390Potato 1 ton processed 215 545Citrus fruit 1 ton processed 55Chicken meat 1 ton processed 70 1600Beef 1 ton processed 20 600Fish 1 ton processed 300 2300Sweets candies 1 ton produced 40 150Sugar cane 1 ton produced 50Dairy without cheese 1000 L milk 20 100Dairy with cheese 1000 L milk 100 800Margarine 1 ton produced 500Slaughter house 1 cow 2 5 pigs 10 100Yeast production 1 ton produced 21000Confined animals breeding Pigs live t d 35 100Dairy cattle milking room live t d 1 2Cattle live t d 65 150Horses live t d 65 150Poultry live t d 15 20Sugar alcohol Alcohol distillation 1 ton cane processed 4000Drinks Brewery 1 m3 produced 150 350Soft drinks 1 m3 produced 50 100Wine 1 m3 produced 5Textiles Cotton 1 ton produced 2800Wool 1 ton produced 5600Rayon 1 ton produced 550Nylon 1 ton produced 800Polyester 1 ton produced 3700Wool washing 1 ton produced 2000 4500Dyeing 1 ton produced 2000 3500Textile bleaching 1 ton produced 250 350Leather and tanneries Tanning 1 ton hide processed 1000 3500Shoes 1000 pairs produced 300Pulp and paper Pulp 1 ton produced 600Paper 1 ton produced 100 300Pulp and paper integrated 1 ton produced 1000 10000Chemical industrial Paint 1 employee 20Soap 1 ton produced 1000Petroleum refinery 1 barrel 117 L 1PVC 1 ton produced 200Steelworks Foundry 1 ton pig iron produced 12 30Lamination 1 ton produced 8 50 dd dd See also editSewage treatmentReferences edit a b c Von Sperling M 2015 Wastewater Characteristics Treatment and Disposal Water Intelligence Online 6 9781780402086 doi 10 2166 9781780402086 ISSN 1476 1777 a b Population Equivalent Organisation for Economic Co operation and Development 20 November 2001 Archived from the original on 7 November 2013 Henze M van Loosdrecht M C M Ekama G A Brdjanovic D 2008 Biological Wastewater Treatment Principles Modelling and Design IWA Publishing doi 10 2166 9781780401867 ISBN 978 1 78040 186 7 Glossary of terms related to Urban Waste Water European Commission 7 August 2019 Archived from the original on 8 June 2019 Central Statistical Office Poland Archived from the original on 14 May 2011 Rowe Donald R Abdel Magid Isam Mohammed 1995 Handbook of Wastewater Reclamation and Reuse CRC Press ISBN 978 0 87371 671 0 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Population equivalent amp oldid 1136429353, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
