You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French. (May 2014) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
View a machine-translated version of the French article.
Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Poilu]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template {{Translated|fr|Poilu}} to the talk page.
Poilu (/ˈpwɑːluː/; French:[pwaly])[1] is an informal term for a late 18th century–early 20th century French infantryman, meaning, literally, the hairy one. It is still widely used as a term of endearment for the French infantry of World War I. The word carries the sense of the infantryman's typically rustic, agricultural background, and derives from the bushy moustaches and other facial hair affected by many French soldiers after the outbreak of the war as a sign of masculinity.[2] The poilu was particularly known for his love of pinard, his ration of cheap wine.[3][4]
Poilus in a trenchJournée du Poilu. 25 et 26 décembre 1915 (transl. The poilu's holiday, December 25 and 26, 1915). French World War I poster by Adolphe Willette about a poilu's Christmas leave from the front.
The image of the dogged, bearded French soldier was widely used in propaganda and war memorials.[5] The stereotype of the poilu was of bravery and endurance, but not always of unquestioning obedience. At the disastrous Chemin des Dames offensive of 1917 under General Robert Nivelle, they were said to have gone into no man's land making baa'ing noises—a collective bit of gallows humour signalling the idea that they were being sent as lambs to the slaughter. Outstanding for its mixture of horror and heroism, this spectacle proved a sobering one. As the news of it spread, the French high command soon found itself coping with a widespread mutiny. A minor revolution was averted only with the promise of an end to the costly offensive.
The last surviving poilu from World War I was Pierre Picault. However, French authorities recognised Lazare Ponticelli—who had served in the French Foreign Legion as an Italian citizen—as the last poilu, as he was the last veteran whose service met the strict official criteria.[6] Lazare Ponticelli died in Le Kremlin-Bicêtre on 12 March 2008, aged 110.[7]
^Dictionnaire canadien / The Canadian Dictionary, McClelland & Stewart, Toronto, Ontario, 1962.
^Kempshall, Chris. "Le Poilu". International Encyclopedia of the First World War. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
^Pierre Nora; David P. Jordan (15 August 2009). Rethinking France: Les Lieux de Memoire, Volume 3: Legacies. University of Chicago Press. p. 217. ISBN978-0-226-59134-6.
^Patricia E. Prestwich (1988). Drink and the politics of social reform: antialcoholism in France since 1870. Society for the Promotion of Science and Scholarship. p. 172. ISBN978-0-930664-08-4.
^La représentation du poilu dans les cartes postales (in French)
^"France, derniers poilus de la Guerre 14-18" (in French)
^"Last French World War I Veteran Dies at 110", (13 March 2008) The New York Sun, Retrieved on 2008-03-19.
Further readingedit
Barthas, Louis (2015) [1st pub. Maspero:1978]. Poilu: The World War I Notebooks of Corporal Louis Barthas, Barrelmaker, 1914–1918 [Les Carnets de guerre de Louis Barthas, tonnelier: 1914–1918] (in French). Translated by Strauss, Edward M. Yale University Press. p. 426. ISBN978-0-300-21248-8.
This French military article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
poilu, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, july, 2019, learn, w. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Poilu news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2019 Learn how and when to remove this message You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French May 2014 Click show for important translation instructions View a machine translated version of the French article Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Poilu see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated fr Poilu to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Poilu ˈ p w ɑː l uː French pwaly 1 is an informal term for a late 18th century early 20th century French infantryman meaning literally the hairy one It is still widely used as a term of endearment for the French infantry of World War I The word carries the sense of the infantryman s typically rustic agricultural background and derives from the bushy moustaches and other facial hair affected by many French soldiers after the outbreak of the war as a sign of masculinity 2 The poilu was particularly known for his love of pinard his ration of cheap wine 3 4 Poilus in a trench Journee du Poilu 25 et 26 decembre 1915 transl The poilu s holiday December 25 and 26 1915 French World War I poster by Adolphe Willette about a poilu s Christmas leave from the front The image of the dogged bearded French soldier was widely used in propaganda and war memorials 5 The stereotype of the poilu was of bravery and endurance but not always of unquestioning obedience At the disastrous Chemin des Dames offensive of 1917 under General Robert Nivelle they were said to have gone into no man s land making baa ing noises a collective bit of gallows humour signalling the idea that they were being sent as lambs to the slaughter Outstanding for its mixture of horror and heroism this spectacle proved a sobering one As the news of it spread the French high command soon found itself coping with a widespread mutiny A minor revolution was averted only with the promise of an end to the costly offensive The last surviving poilu from World War I was Pierre Picault However French authorities recognised Lazare Ponticelli who had served in the French Foreign Legion as an Italian citizen as the last poilu as he was the last veteran whose service met the strict official criteria 6 Lazare Ponticelli died in Le Kremlin Bicetre on 12 March 2008 aged 110 7 See also editA Very Long Engagement a French film in which poilus are featured Verdun Visions of History a silent French film about Poilus in the Battle of Verdun Digger referring to Australian and New Zealand soldiers Doughboy referring to American soldiers Mehmetcik referring to Ottoman soldiers Tommy referring to British soldiersReferences edit Dictionnaire canadien The Canadian Dictionary McClelland amp Stewart Toronto Ontario 1962 Kempshall Chris Le Poilu International Encyclopedia of the First World War Retrieved 15 July 2022 Pierre Nora David P Jordan 15 August 2009 Rethinking France Les Lieux de Memoire Volume 3 Legacies University of Chicago Press p 217 ISBN 978 0 226 59134 6 Patricia E Prestwich 1988 Drink and the politics of social reform antialcoholism in France since 1870 Society for the Promotion of Science and Scholarship p 172 ISBN 978 0 930664 08 4 La representation du poilu dans les cartes postales in French France derniers poilus de la Guerre 14 18 in French Last French World War I Veteran Dies at 110 13 March 2008 The New York Sun Retrieved on 2008 03 19 Further reading editBarthas Louis 2015 1st pub Maspero 1978 Poilu The World War I Notebooks of Corporal Louis Barthas Barrelmaker 1914 1918 Les Carnets de guerre de Louis Barthas tonnelier 1914 1918 in French Translated by Strauss Edward M Yale University Press p 426 ISBN 978 0 300 21248 8 nbsp This French military article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Poilu amp oldid 1216677227, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
