Onycholysis is a common medical condition characterized by the painless detachment of the nail from the nail bed, usually starting at the tip and/or sides.[1] On the hands, it occurs particularly on the ring finger but can occur on any of the fingernails. It may also happen to toenails.
Onycholysis
Left hand onycholysis: ring and little fingers affected
Reaction to detergents (e.g. washing dishes with bare hands, using detergent-based shampoos or soaps).[5][6][7]
Patients with hepatocellular dysfunction may develop hair-thinning or hair loss and nail changes such as clubbing, leukonychia (whitening), or onycholysis, affecting the nails of the hands and feet.[8]
Most instances of onycholysis without a clear cause will heal spontaneously within a few weeks. The most commonly recommended treatment is to keep the nail dry as much as possible and allow the nail to slowly reattach. Trimming away as much loose nail as can be done comfortably will prevent the nail from being pried upwards. Cleaning under the nail is not recommended as this only serves to separate the nail further. Bandages are also to be avoided.[11] When kept dry and away from further trauma, the nail will reattach from the base upward (i.e., from proximal to distal). The aim of treatment is also to eliminate onychomycosis that is a major cause of onycholysis. Antifungals like terbinafin and itraconazole in the form of oral pills should be given for 6 to 8 weeks.[11]
If the underlying cause of the condition is not found and the nail continues to detach despite conservative treatment, the nail bed may begin to form a granular layer of abnormal cells on its surface. After six months of detachment, this layer is likely to prevent the adhesion of any new nail tissue, possibly leading to permanent deformity.[12]
Etymologyedit
The word onycholysis comes from onycho-, from Ancient Greek ὄνυξ ónuks 'nail', and Ancient Greek λύσις lúsis 'lysis/disintegration'.[13]
^Freedberg; et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. p. 660. ISBN978-0-07-138076-8.
^Dennis, Mark; Bowen, William Talbot; Cho, Lucy (2012). "Onycholysis (Plummer's nail)". Mechanisms of Clinical Signs. Elsevier. p. 542. ISBN978-0729540759.
^Talley&O'Connor (2006). Clinical Examination A Systematic Guide to Physical Diagnosis (5th ed.). Elsevier. p. 262. ISBN978-0-7295-3762-9.
^Weber&Kelley (2010). Health Assessment in Nursing (4th ed.). Wolters Kluwer Health and Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins. pp. 193. ISBN978-0-7817-8160-2.
^Mayon-White, R. T.; Hodgson, G. (1971-08-07). "Acute onychia and onycholysis due to an enzyme detergent". Br Med J. 3 (5770): 352. doi:10.1136/bmj.3.5770.352. ISSN 0007-1447. PMC1798590. PMID 5558190.
^Al-Kathiri, Lutfi; Al-Asmaili, Abla (2016). "Diclofenac-Induced Photo-Onycholysis". Oman Medical Journal. 31 (1): 65–68. doi:10.5001/omj.2016.12. ISSN 1999-768X. PMC4720947. PMID 26816569.
^Alevizos, Alevizos; Gregoriou, Stamatis; Larios, George; Rigopoulos, Dimitris (2008-02-01). "Acute and Chronic Paronychia". American Family Physician. 77 (3): 339–346. ISSN 0002-838X. PMID 18297959.
^Hazin, Ribhi; Tamimi, Tarek I. Abu-Rajab; Abuzetun, Jamil Y.; Zein, Nizar N. (October 2009). "Recognizing and treating cutaneous signs of liver disease". Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 76 (10): 599–606. doi:10.3949/ccjm.76A.08113. ISSN 0891-1150. PMID 19797460.
^Niema, Aqil; Aicha, Nassiri; Salim, Gallouj; Fatima Zahra, Mernissi (2019-06-30). "Nail Disorders in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure". Journal of Dermatology Research and Therapy. 5 (1). ClinMed International Library. ISSN 2469-5750.
^ ab"Onycholysis". American Osteopathic College of Dermatology. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
^Richard K. Scherr (1 December 1997). "The Nail Doctor: Onycholysis, or Nail Separation, Has Different Varieties". Nails Magazine.
^Services, ProZ com Translation. "lusis | Greek (Ancient) to English | Poetry & Literature". ProZ.com | Freelance translators and interpreters. Retrieved 2022-10-08.
External linksedit
January 01, 1970
onycholysis, common, medical, condition, characterized, painless, detachment, nail, from, nail, usually, starting, sides, hands, occurs, particularly, ring, finger, occur, fingernails, also, happen, toenails, left, hand, onycholysis, ring, little, fingers, aff. Onycholysis is a common medical condition characterized by the painless detachment of the nail from the nail bed usually starting at the tip and or sides 1 On the hands it occurs particularly on the ring finger but can occur on any of the fingernails It may also happen to toenails OnycholysisLeft hand onycholysis ring and little fingers affectedPronunciation ˌ ɒ n ɪ ˈ k ɒ l ɪ s ɪ s SpecialtyDermatology Onycholysis can occur in many conditions including psoriasis 2 In thyrotoxicosis it is thought to be due to sympathetic overactivity 3 It may also be seen in infections or trauma 4 Contents 1 Causes 2 Treatment 3 Etymology 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksCauses editUnknown Trauma excessive manicuring Infection especially fungal Skin disease psoriasis dermatitis Impaired peripheral circulation e g Raynaud s syndrome Systemic disease hyperthyroidism hypothyroidism reactive arthritis porphyria cutanea tarda Reaction to detergents e g washing dishes with bare hands using detergent based shampoos or soaps 5 6 7 Patients with hepatocellular dysfunction may develop hair thinning or hair loss and nail changes such as clubbing leukonychia whitening or onycholysis affecting the nails of the hands and feet 8 Onychomycosis tinea It is common in ballet dancers 9 Chemotherapy cytotoxic agents like taxanes vinca alkaloids and others Chronic Renal Failure 10 Treatment editMost instances of onycholysis without a clear cause will heal spontaneously within a few weeks The most commonly recommended treatment is to keep the nail dry as much as possible and allow the nail to slowly reattach Trimming away as much loose nail as can be done comfortably will prevent the nail from being pried upwards Cleaning under the nail is not recommended as this only serves to separate the nail further Bandages are also to be avoided 11 When kept dry and away from further trauma the nail will reattach from the base upward i e from proximal to distal The aim of treatment is also to eliminate onychomycosis that is a major cause of onycholysis Antifungals like terbinafin and itraconazole in the form of oral pills should be given for 6 to 8 weeks 11 If the underlying cause of the condition is not found and the nail continues to detach despite conservative treatment the nail bed may begin to form a granular layer of abnormal cells on its surface After six months of detachment this layer is likely to prevent the adhesion of any new nail tissue possibly leading to permanent deformity 12 Etymology editThe word onycholysis comes from onycho from Ancient Greek ὄny3 onuks nail and Ancient Greek lysis lusis lysis disintegration 13 See also editList of cutaneous conditions Plummer s nailReferences edit Freedberg et al 2003 Fitzpatrick s Dermatology in General Medicine 6th ed McGraw Hill p 660 ISBN 978 0 07 138076 8 Dennis Mark Bowen William Talbot Cho Lucy 2012 Onycholysis Plummer s nail Mechanisms of Clinical Signs Elsevier p 542 ISBN 978 0729540759 Talley amp O Connor 2006 Clinical Examination A Systematic Guide to Physical Diagnosis 5th ed Elsevier p 262 ISBN 978 0 7295 3762 9 Weber amp Kelley 2010 Health Assessment in Nursing 4th ed Wolters Kluwer Health and Lippincott Williams amp Wilkins pp 193 ISBN 978 0 7817 8160 2 Mayon White R T Hodgson G 1971 08 07 Acute onychia and onycholysis due to an enzyme detergent Br Med J 3 5770 352 doi 10 1136 bmj 3 5770 352 ISSN 0007 1447 PMC 1798590 PMID 5558190 Al Kathiri Lutfi Al Asmaili Abla 2016 Diclofenac Induced Photo Onycholysis Oman Medical Journal 31 1 65 68 doi 10 5001 omj 2016 12 ISSN 1999 768X PMC 4720947 PMID 26816569 Alevizos Alevizos Gregoriou Stamatis Larios George Rigopoulos Dimitris 2008 02 01 Acute and Chronic Paronychia American Family Physician 77 3 339 346 ISSN 0002 838X PMID 18297959 Hazin Ribhi Tamimi Tarek I Abu Rajab Abuzetun Jamil Y Zein Nizar N October 2009 Recognizing and treating cutaneous signs of liver disease Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine 76 10 599 606 doi 10 3949 ccjm 76A 08113 ISSN 0891 1150 PMID 19797460 Shah Selina April 2010 Pointe shoes complicate biomechanics of ballet Lower Extremity Review Magazine Niema Aqil Aicha Nassiri Salim Gallouj Fatima Zahra Mernissi 2019 06 30 Nail Disorders in Patients with Chronic Renal Failure Journal of Dermatology Research and Therapy 5 1 ClinMed International Library ISSN 2469 5750 a b Onycholysis American Osteopathic College of Dermatology Retrieved 29 December 2016 Richard K Scherr 1 December 1997 The Nail Doctor Onycholysis or Nail Separation Has Different Varieties Nails Magazine Services ProZ com Translation lusis Greek Ancient to English Poetry amp Literature ProZ com Freelance translators and interpreters Retrieved 2022 10 08 External links edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Onycholysis amp oldid 1173002390, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
