Son of a weaver, he was born in Lille. He was study supervisor in the Collège d'Anchin (fr), in Douai, then he obtained his medical doctorate and practised medicine in Quesnoy-sur-Deûle and in the Douai Hospital.
Career in Legislative Assemblyedit
Strong supporter and advocate of revolutionary ideas, he became one of the founder members of the Société des amis de la Constitution (Jacobins) (11 November 1789), elected justice of the peace in Lille in 1790, then elected North member of parliament (MP) to Legislative Assembly in September 1791 where he sat on the left.[1][2] On 17 November 1791, he gained attention in Assembly by giving a violent speech against non-juring priests. He wanted the confinement of War Ministry Narbonne-Lara but was disapproved by other MP. Throughout that period, Duhem carried out active propaganda for republican ideas in the streets, the Assembly and the sections.[2] He played a role in the insurrection of 10 August and, during the night of 10–11 August, he presented the decrees suspending the King and calling for a National Convention. On 20 August 1792, he required to publish a decree concerning General Dillon who "lost the confidence of the nation". On 21 August, he was elected secretary of the National Assembly, then sent on a mission to the Army of the North where he reported that Maubeuge was threatened by foreign armies.
The National Convention memberedit
In September 1792, he was elected again to the National Convention as North MP. He joined the Mountain and was sent again on a mission to the Army of the North. On 26 December 1792, he requested a removal measure against the Interior Minister Roland accused of destroying some of the evidence within the armoire de fer (iron chest) found in the Tuileries Palace, containing documents that indicated Louis XVI's relations with corrupt politicians. He demanded a roll-call vote for the trial of Louis XVI. He asked for death sentence without suspensions against the King.[2] The day of the execution, he joined the Committee of General Security where he sat until June.[3] He took advantage of his position to be resolutely opposed to Girondists and led an armed raid on the printing establishment of Antoine Joseph Gorsas on 9 March 1793. From 4 April to 20 July 1793, he was sent again on a mission to the North Army and he denounced the Girondist Charles Zachée Varlet (fr) but he supported suspected Generals as Custine and La Marlière against Jacobins as General Jean-Baptiste de Lavalette whom he dismissed. But Robespierre and Jean Bon Saint-André took the side of Lavalette and Duhem became himself somewhat suspect. On 12 December 1793, Robespierre delivered a speech supporting dismissed Mountain Generals.[2] Duhem was excluded from the club 4 days later. To save his head, he was never heard again until 9 Thermidor.
Close to the last sans-culottes, he was unable during the insurrection of 12 Germinal, Year III, to reconstruct the bands which in the past had insured the success of the journees. Arrested, he was imprisoned in Ham, then in Sedan but avoided trial.
Released under the December 1795 amnesty, he joined the North Army as physician.
Nevertheless, he remained politically involved and supported the main neo-jacobin movement during Directory as a member of the Panthéon Club. Dismissed in 1797, he was reinstated through the coup of 18 Fructidor. In 1798, he was accused of apologising for "the martyrs of the revolt of 1 Prairial Year III".
Pierre Joseph Duhem died in Mainz in 1807 at the age of 48.[5]
Referencesedit
^"Pierre, Joseph Duhem - Base de données des députés français depuis 1789 - Assemblée nationale". www2.assemblee-nationale.fr (in French). Retrieved 2021-02-23.
^Genevieve Dupont, Alain Lellouch & Regis Olry (January–March 2006). "[Pierre-Joseph Duhem (1758-1807), doctor regicide, and other National Convention physician-deputies vis-a-vis the lawsuit of Louis XVI]". Histoire des sciences médicales (in French). 40 (1): 83–90. PMID 17152600.
^Brunel, Françoise (1977). "Les derniers Montagnards et l'unité révolutionnaire". Annales historiques de la Révolution française (in French). 229 (1): 385–404. doi:10.3406/ahrf.1977.1009. ISSN 0003-4436.
^François Xavier de Feller (1829). Supplément au Dictionnaire historique des grands hommes: Aarhusius-Gyllenborg (in French). Rolland. p. 362.
Sourcesedit
Jean-René Suratteau; Albert Soboul; François Gendron (2005). Dictionnaire historique de la Révolution française (in French). Quadrige/PUF. ISBN978-2-13-053605-5.
François Xavier de Feller (1829). Supplément au Dictionnaire historique des grands hommes: Aarhusius-Gyllenborg (in French). Rolland. p. 362.
January 01, 1970
pierre, joseph, duhem, july, 1758, march, 1807, french, physician, politician, born, 1758, july, 1758lille, francedied24, march, 1807, 1807, aged, mainz, mont, tonnerre, french, department, germanyeducationmedicineknown, forcommittee, general, security, member. Pierre Joseph Duhem 8 July 1758 24 March 1807 was a French physician and politician Pierre Joseph DuhemBorn 1758 07 08 8 July 1758Lille FranceDied24 March 1807 1807 03 24 aged 48 Mainz Mont Tonnerre French department now GermanyEducationMedicineKnown forCommittee of General Security memberTitleNational Convention memberPolitical partyMontagnardBoard member ofPantheon Club Contents 1 Early years 2 Career in Legislative Assembly 3 The National Convention member 4 The insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III 5 Late career 6 References 7 SourcesEarly years editSon of a weaver he was born in Lille He was study supervisor in the College d Anchin fr in Douai then he obtained his medical doctorate and practised medicine in Quesnoy sur Deule and in the Douai Hospital Career in Legislative Assembly editStrong supporter and advocate of revolutionary ideas he became one of the founder members of the Societe des amis de la Constitution Jacobins 11 November 1789 elected justice of the peace in Lille in 1790 then elected North member of parliament MP to Legislative Assembly in September 1791 where he sat on the left 1 2 On 17 November 1791 he gained attention in Assembly by giving a violent speech against non juring priests He wanted the confinement of War Ministry Narbonne Lara but was disapproved by other MP Throughout that period Duhem carried out active propaganda for republican ideas in the streets the Assembly and the sections 2 He played a role in the insurrection of 10 August and during the night of 10 11 August he presented the decrees suspending the King and calling for a National Convention On 20 August 1792 he required to publish a decree concerning General Dillon who lost the confidence of the nation On 21 August he was elected secretary of the National Assembly then sent on a mission to the Army of the North where he reported that Maubeuge was threatened by foreign armies The National Convention member editIn September 1792 he was elected again to the National Convention as North MP He joined the Mountain and was sent again on a mission to the Army of the North On 26 December 1792 he requested a removal measure against the Interior Minister Roland accused of destroying some of the evidence within the armoire de fer iron chest found in the Tuileries Palace containing documents that indicated Louis XVI s relations with corrupt politicians He demanded a roll call vote for the trial of Louis XVI He asked for death sentence without suspensions against the King 2 The day of the execution he joined the Committee of General Security where he sat until June 3 He took advantage of his position to be resolutely opposed to Girondists and led an armed raid on the printing establishment of Antoine Joseph Gorsas on 9 March 1793 From 4 April to 20 July 1793 he was sent again on a mission to the North Army and he denounced the Girondist Charles Zachee Varlet fr but he supported suspected Generals as Custine and La Marliere against Jacobins as General Jean Baptiste de Lavalette whom he dismissed But Robespierre and Jean Bon Saint Andre took the side of Lavalette and Duhem became himself somewhat suspect On 12 December 1793 Robespierre delivered a speech supporting dismissed Mountain Generals 2 Duhem was excluded from the club 4 days later To save his head he was never heard again until 9 Thermidor The insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III editUnder the Thermidorian regime Duhem belonged to the group of remaining Montagnards and went after Freron and Tallien Rather he stood up for Barere Collot d Herbois and Billaud Varenne accused of terrorism 4 Close to the last sans culottes he was unable during the insurrection of 12 Germinal Year III to reconstruct the bands which in the past had insured the success of the journees Arrested he was imprisoned in Ham then in Sedan but avoided trial Released under the December 1795 amnesty he joined the North Army as physician Nevertheless he remained politically involved and supported the main neo jacobin movement during Directory as a member of the Pantheon Club Dismissed in 1797 he was reinstated through the coup of 18 Fructidor In 1798 he was accused of apologising for the martyrs of the revolt of 1 Prairial Year III Late career editTransferred to the Italy Army then to the West Army he was posted to the military hospital in Mainz Mont Tonnerre French department in 1802 Pierre Joseph Duhem died in Mainz in 1807 at the age of 48 5 References edit Pierre Joseph Duhem Base de donnees des deputes francais depuis 1789 Assemblee nationale www2 assemblee nationale fr in French Retrieved 2021 02 23 a b c d Constant Saucerotte 1989 Les medecins pendant la Revolution in French Ed Louis Pariente ISBN 978 2 902474 55 4 Genevieve Dupont Alain Lellouch amp Regis Olry January March 2006 Pierre Joseph Duhem 1758 1807 doctor regicide and other National Convention physician deputies vis a vis the lawsuit of Louis XVI Histoire des sciences medicales in French 40 1 83 90 PMID 17152600 Brunel Francoise 1977 Les derniers Montagnards et l unite revolutionnaire Annales historiques de la Revolution francaise in French 229 1 385 404 doi 10 3406 ahrf 1977 1009 ISSN 0003 4436 Francois Xavier de Feller 1829 Supplement au Dictionnaire historique des grands hommes Aarhusius Gyllenborg in French Rolland p 362 Sources editJean Rene Suratteau Albert Soboul Francois Gendron 2005 Dictionnaire historique de la Revolution francaise in French Quadrige PUF ISBN 978 2 13 053605 5 Francois Xavier de Feller 1829 Supplement au Dictionnaire historique des grands hommes Aarhusius Gyllenborg in French Rolland p 362 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Pierre Joseph Duhem amp oldid 1122191785, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
